富硒蛹虫草中有机硒的分析

建立高分辨-连续光源石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(high resolution-continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry,HR-CS GFAAS)测定富硒蛹虫草中有机硒的方法。参照DBS42/002-2014《湖北省食品安全地方标准富有机硒食品硒含量要求》制备富硒蛹虫草总硒测定试样,参照GB 1903.21-2016《食品安全国家标准食品营养强化剂富硒酵母》制备富硒蛹虫草无机硒测定试样,再使用HR-CS GFAAS测定富硒蛹虫草总硒和无机硒。试验以Pd(NO_3)_2(1 g/L)和Mg(NO_3)_2(0.5 g/L)混合溶液为基体改进剂,通过试验优化出基体改进剂最佳添加体积为5μL,最佳灰化温度为1 100℃,最佳原子化温度为2 200℃。测定结果表明,富硒蛹虫草总硒含量为1.407 mg/g,无机硒含量为0.083 mg/g,计算出有机硒含量为1.324 mg/g,所占百分比为94.1%,这说明富硒蛹虫草含有丰富的有机硒,是补硒良品。总硒和无机硒的加标回收率分别为95.7%和94.0%,相对标准偏差4.5%。该方法快速、准确、稳定,具有较高的实用价值,为分析食品中微量元素含量及其形态提供科学依据。     

氮离子注入蛹虫草选育高效富硒菌株的研究

为了更好地开发蛹虫草资源,对蛹虫草菌株富集微量元素硒的培养条件进行了优化,选择最佳参数的低能离子束注入蛹虫草,通过石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测注入前后菌丝体中硒元素的含量。结果表明：蛹虫草发酵富硒的最优培养条件为蛋白胨质量浓度3 g/100 mL、葡萄糖质量浓度3 g/100 mL、亚硒酸钠质量浓度为8 μg/mL、pH值为7,此时,富硒率为21.58%。离子束最佳注入参数为：注入离子为N+,注入能量10 keV,注入剂量1.82×1015 ions/cm2,选育出富集微量元素硒较高的10 株菌株,最高富硒率为30.97%,比出发菌株提高了近42%。     

富硒对蛹虫草菌丝干重及胞内酶活性的影响

在培养基中添加不同浓度的Na_2SeO_3液体培养蛹虫草,探究富硒对蛹虫草菌丝干重及胞内酶活性的影响,并进行相关性分析。研究结果表明:当硒添加量为3 mg/kg时,菌丝干重达1.51 g/100 m L,较对照组高19.84%;当硒添加量为7 mg/kg时,菌丝干重较对照组低4.76%,过高的硒添加量会抑制蛹虫草的生长。适宜的硒添加量能在不同程度上提高胞内酶活性,但促进效果存在差异。菌丝干重与蛋白酶活性呈正相关(p0.01),R2=0.980,表明蛋白酶是富硒蛹虫草生长中的关键酶。当硒添加量为3 mg/kg时,菌丝干重及蛋白酶活性均达到最大值,可以为富硒蛹虫草液体发酵提供理论依据。     

应用体外全仿生模型初步分析2种富硒产品中硒形态及生物可给性

建立微波消解-高分辨-连续光源石墨炉原子吸收光谱(high resolution-continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry,HR-CS GFAAS)法测定富硒蛹虫草和富硒酵母胃、肠全仿生提取液中各形态硒的方法,研究胃、肠消化对富硒产品中硒形态和生物可给性的影响。采用体外全仿生消化技术对富硒蛹虫草和富硒酵母进行预处理,得到胃、肠全仿生提取液;通过0.45μm微孔滤膜实现可溶态和悬浮态的分离;选择D101大孔树脂分离可溶态中有机态和无机态;分别利用丙酮和无水乙醇沉淀可溶态中蛋白和多糖,得到蛋白结合态和多糖结合态;分别以正辛醇和单层脂质体为细胞膜,模拟富硒产品中硒在人体胃、肠中的分配行为。通过单因素试验,确定最佳测定条件:分析谱线为196.026 7 nm,基体改进剂为1 g/L Pd(NO_3)_2和0.5 g/L Mg(NO_3)_2混合溶液,添加体积为5μL,灰化温度为1 100℃,原子化温度为2 200℃。在此条件下,测定富硒蛹虫草和富硒酵母中硒含量分别为2.129μg/g和27.75μg/g,肠全仿生提取液中除悬浮态其他各形态硒的含量都高于胃全仿生提取液,在肠消化过程中产生的正辛醇醇溶态硒和单层脂质体结合态硒的含量都高于各自水溶态硒。     

蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris JN168产虫草素液态发酵条件的优化

利用单因素筛选和响应面法对蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris JN168产虫草素的液态发酵培养基进行优化,以确定蛹虫草产虫草素的最佳发酵培养基配方。结果表明,蛹虫草产虫草素的最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最适质量浓度为40 g/L;最佳氮源为牛肉膏,最适质量浓度15 g/L;加入的无机盐及其添加量分别为MgSO40.76 g/L,K2HPO40.63 g/L,CaCl20.66 g/L,Na2HPO40.67 g/L。优化后发酵液中虫草素质量浓度达到633.47 mg/L,是优化前的6倍。     

古尼虫草富硒发酵条件优化

利用液体发酵技术,对古尼虫草进行富硒发酵,开发新的有机硒化物食品添加剂。筛选古尼虫草富硒发酵中最佳硒浓度,得出亚硒酸钠的最佳质量浓度为7μg/m L;利用单因素试验和正交试验对古尼虫草富硒发酵营养条件和培养条件进行优化,得出最优发酵条件为蔗糖6%,蛋白胨0.6%,KH2PO40.3%,Mg SO40.25%,培养基p H 6.0,培养温度25℃,接种量8%。经验证试验得出,古尼虫草生物量为(11.657±0.134)g/L,富硒率为(78.33%±0.67)%,与对照组相比【(11.067±0.224 g/L),(69.30%±0.43)%】分别提高了5.32%和13.03%。本研究为开发新的有机硒化物食品添加剂提供一途径。     

蛹虫草液体种制备及发酵生产菌丝体和虫草菌素工艺优化

为获得蛹虫草液体种制备和液体发酵生产菌丝体和虫草菌素的最佳工艺,以蛹草拟青霉Peacilomyces militarisBCEC07菌株为菌种,通过对接种量(孢子浓度)的考察,探索不同孢子浓度对蛹虫草液体母种制作效果的影响;通过单因素和正交试验,优化生产虫草菌素各营养因子的最佳种类和配比。结果表明:在1.5×1010孢子数的接种量时制作的母种最适合用于蛹虫草液体发酵产菌丝体和虫草菌素;蔗糖、蛋白胨、MgSO4.7H2O、K2HPO4和NAA是最适合的碳源、氮源、无机盐及生长因子;工艺优化后得出蛹虫草液体发酵产菌丝体的最佳配方为30g/L蔗糖、25g/L蛋白胨、1.5g/L KH2PO4、0.5g/L MgSO4.7H2O和4.0mg/L NAA;产虫草菌素的最佳配方为:30g/L蔗糖、25g/L蛋白胨、1.5g/L KH2PO4、0.5g/L MgSO4.7H2O和3.0mg/L NAA。优化后生物量和虫草菌素总产量分别提高了43.00%(达31.60g/L)和31.60%(达645.12mg/L)。为进一步提高蛹虫草菌丝体及虫草菌素的单位产量提供参考。     

氯化锂诱变蛹虫草菌株液体发酵富集微量元素锌

为更好地开发蛹虫草资源,以蛹虫草为富锌载体,进行发酵富锌培养条件优化,选择最佳质量分数的Li Cl诱变蛹虫草,通过火焰原子吸收法检测诱变前后菌丝体中锌元素的含量。结果表明:蛹虫草富锌的最优碳源为蔗糖,质量分数为3%,最优氮源为蛋白胨,质量分数为3%,最佳培养时间为6 d,最佳接种量为5%,最佳装液量为100 m L/250 m L,培养基中添加的最佳Zn SO4质量浓度为100μg/m L,此时,富锌率为18.54%。Li Cl的最佳诱变条件为:Li Cl质量分数0.15%。选育出富锌较高菌株5株,最高富锌率达24.68%,比出发菌株提高了近42%,具有广阔的应用前景。     

硒对蛹虫草菌丝代谢和总抗氧化能力的影响

采用在培养基中添加亚硒酸钠的方法来研究硒对蛹虫草菌丝代谢和总抗氧化能力的影响.结果表明:培养基加硒浓度为1mg/L范围内,对蛹虫草菌丝生长有促进作用,加硒浓度为5mg/L～20mg/L时,对蛹虫草菌丝胞外多糖的分泌有促进作用,当培养基加硒浓度为20mg/L时胞外多糖产量最高:培养基加硒浓度为0mg,L～30mg/L,时,对蛹虫草菌丝提取物总抗氧化能力均有显著的增强作用,当加硒浓度为15mg/L时,蛹虫草菌丝提取物总抗氧化能力达到最大.     

蛹虫草富铁液体深层发酵条件的优化

蛹虫草和铁元素被证明对人体有着重要的生理作用。通过设计单因素和多因素正交试验,探讨蛹虫草富铁液体深层发酵条件的优化。试验证实,蛹虫草富铁液体深层发酵的最佳培养基配方为:大豆粉35 g/L、蔗糖30 g/L、KH_2PO_41.5 g/L、Mg SO_41.5 g/L、硫胺素5×10~(-5) g/L、Fe SO_4·7H2O 0.3 g/L。最佳培养条件为:pH6,温度26℃,发酵3 d,接种量5%,装液量100 mL/250 mL三角瓶。在此发酵条件下,测得富铁蛹虫草生物量为18.93 g/L,富集铁为16.01 mg/g。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press