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植物油的营养和如何在加工中减少反式酸 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了油脂脂肪酸对人体的关系及反式脂肪酸对人体的负面作用。在油脂加工过程中,反式酸含量的增加主要在脱臭工段和氢化工段,为了降低油脂中反式脂肪酸含量,在脱臭段设计填料和板式相结合的脱臭塔,要控制操作条件。在我国间歇氢化过程中,反式酸增加量超过20%,要总结影响因素并加以控制反式酸的含量。超声波氢化、电化学催化氢化和生物酶技术可以减少油脂中反式酸含量。 相似文献
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如何限制油脂反式脂肪酸含量和摄入量 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
反式脂肪酸对人体有一定的负面作用,如引发冠心病、导致乳腺癌、影响必需脂肪酸的消化吸收等.反式脂肪酸存在于精炼油脂和氢化油脂中,为了减少油脂中反式脂肪酸的含量,应采用合适的设备、并控制油脂精炼过程中的脱臭条件,对于氢化油脂还需要控制氢化条件、选择合适的氢化油原料.通过低温、短时间的脱臭可以使精炼油脂中反式脂肪酸含量降到最低.另外,建议我国有关食品立法部门规定对反式脂肪酸加以标识,以正确引导消费. 相似文献
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反式脂肪酸的产生及降低措施 总被引:24,自引:4,他引:24
反式脂肪酸能增加患心脏病、冠心病、乳腺癌的几率,同时还有抑制幼儿生长发育的负面作用.对反式脂肪酸的来源、各国的限制性规定,以及油脂加工过程中采用何种措施降低反式脂肪酸含量进行了论述.通过降低油脂脱臭温度和时间,选用填料脱臭塔可有效降低油脂脱臭过程中产生的反式脂肪酸;通过控制油脂氢化反应条件,选择Pt作催化剂或选择超临界流体反应器可降低油脂部分氢化产生的反式脂肪酸.另外,通过基因改良生产多不饱和脂肪含量低的油料,或采用交酯化反应也可生产低或零反式脂肪酸含量的产品. 相似文献
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反式脂肪酸与人体健康 总被引:13,自引:4,他引:13
油脂在加工过程中由于加氢、长时间高温等引起脂肪酸结构变化,顺式脂肪酸转变为反式脂肪酸.反式脂肪酸易导致肥胖、心血管疾病、糖尿病等疾病;长时间高温脱臭后油脂中反式脂肪酸含量将增加4%~6%,最高达8%~9%.建议从改进油脂生产的脱臭工艺与设备及日常生活中减少油炸食品、洋快餐食品摄入等入手,减少反式脂肪酸的摄入. 相似文献
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脱臭是油脂精炼工艺的重要组成部分,主要设备脱臭塔分多种,应用最广泛的有填料式脱臭塔和板式脱臭塔.这两种设备各有优缺点,企业在选择时应根据实际情况有所侧重,既要降低成本又要保证质量,要密切关注油脂脱臭过程中反式脂肪酸含量的变化,同时注重设备的维护保养. 相似文献
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脱臭是油脂精炼工艺的重要组成部分,主要设备脱臭塔分多种,应用最广泛的有填料式脱臭塔和板式脱臭塔,这两种设备各有优缺点,企业在选择时应根据实际情况有所侧重,既要降低成本又要保证质量,要密切关注油脂脱臭过程中反式脂肪酸含量的变化:同时注重设备的维护保养。 相似文献
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油脂精炼过程中反式脂肪酸控制的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
反式脂肪酸问题近年来已经成为油脂加工和食品安全领域关注的焦点,开发不含反式脂肪酸的新技术、新产品已经成为油脂工作者的当务之急,通过对反式脂肪酸的来源与控制标准、油脂精炼过程中反式脂肪酸的产生和控制进行研究,为后续低温、短时、少汽的油脂精炼脱臭工艺和设备的研究开发做基础。 相似文献
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油脂在脱臭后反式脂肪酸的生成及维生素E的损失问题的探讨 总被引:16,自引:7,他引:9
叙述了在油脂脱臭过程中油中顺式脂肪酸 转化成反式脂肪酸以及油中维生素E的损失问题。另外,还提出了用用新式填料式脱臭塔替代目前常用的盘式脱臭塔问题,因为前者的水蒸汽耗用量少,反式脂肪酸生产量也少,并生育保留量却较多,其优越性是很明显的。 相似文献
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本试验以脱色大豆油为原料,采用两段式的脱臭方式,首先将脱色大豆油加热至170℃,通入直接蒸汽脱除油脂中的酮类等低沸点的物质,通入压力为0.5 MPa蒸汽,蒸汽用量为油重的0.3%,脱臭时间为12 min,残压为266 Pa,初步脱臭后大豆油中反式脂肪酸的质量分数为0.016%,为了脱除油脂中的游离脂肪酸、烃类等高沸点的物质,将大豆油加热至240℃,蒸汽用量为油重的0.5%,脱臭时间为40 min,残压为266 Pa。由于大豆油在高温条件下脱臭时间短,不易形成反式脂肪酸,成品油中反式脂肪酸质量分数仅为0.38%。 相似文献
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本文建立了高分辨率的反式脂肪酸测定方法,并考察了市售食用油的反式脂肪酸含量及其种类的情况。结果表明:采用高极性的色谱柱HP-88在优化后色谱条件下,可以实现4种亚油酸异构体、8种亚麻酸异构体、37种常见脂肪酸良好的色谱分离,而且反式脂肪酸与常见的顺式脂肪酸在同时检测条件下出峰时间不重叠,可以进行高分辨率的脂肪酸包括反式脂肪酸组成分析;市售主要品种的食用油都存在一定量的反式脂肪酸,其中调和油、花生油、大豆油含有2~3%的反式脂肪酸(反式亚麻酸含量在1.5~2%之间);玉米油和葵花籽油中反式亚油酸的含量在0.7~2%之间;稻米油的反式脂肪酸的含量最高,接近4%;橄榄油和山茶油的反式脂肪酸含量一般在0.5%以下;各油样的反式脂肪酸异构体的种类也存在区别。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Trans fatty acid content was examined in several grocery foods and fast foods in an African-American community. Food samples were selected based on the frequency of use among this population group in the local community. Samples were collected 3 times with an interval of 1 wk. Total fat content was analyzed by Soxhlet method. Fatty acids profile, including trans fatty acids, was analyzed by GC–MS. In grocery foods, no trans fatty acids were detected in fish sticks, salad dressing, mayonnaise, muffin, and potato chips. Margarine contained the highest trans fatty acid at a level of 19.13%. The trans fatty acid level in crackers, cookies, butter, chicken patties, and biscuits mix ranged from 0.51% to 1.77%. In fast foods, no trans fat was detected in dressing. All the fried food and bakery food sampled in this study contain trans fat. The level varied from 2.07% to 10.30%. The principal trans fatty acid was trans 18:1. Other trans fatty acids found were trans 18:2, trans 19:1, and trans 16:1. In a total of 23 food samples, 16 of them were found to contain trans fatty acid. The results demonstrated that trans fat is commonly found in foods of the African-American community. The trans fatty acids content in tested samples varied from 0% to 19.13%. 相似文献
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随着西式快餐的兴起和经济的发展,食品种类和数量越来越丰富,我国居民的饮食习惯在逐步发生改变,反式脂肪酸的摄入逐年增加。目前我国对反式脂肪酸健康影响认识的模糊、食品中反式脂肪酸含量基础有效数据缺乏、食品中反式脂肪酸的风险监测与评估研究经验不足等原因,已在社会造成一定的消费恐惧。目前,我国需借鉴国际食品中反式脂肪酸含量的风险监测和摄入风险评估研究经验,为建立食品中反式脂肪酸的法定限量、加强对食品中反式脂肪酸有效监管和建立合理的安全预警体系提供支持。本文综述了国际相关研究进展,并提出开展我国食品中反式脂肪酸监测与评估的建议。 相似文献
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气相色谱法测定奶茶中的反式脂肪酸 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
选取我国市场上常见的品牌奶茶,采用气相色谱法测定8种奶茶产品、7种奶精及20种果粉中的反式脂肪酸组成。结果表明:一杯300mL的奶茶,其反式脂肪酸量在0.5~3.0g之间,奶精中反式脂肪酸含量最高可达8.6g/100g,果粉含量则在1.0~2.2g/100g之间;奶茶中反式脂肪酸主要来自奶精与果粉,以反式C18脂肪酸为主,其中一烯含量最多、二烯含量较少、反式C16脂肪酸甚微。奶茶、奶精及果粉中的反式脂肪酸含量普遍偏高,不同类型、不同品牌的奶茶间和不同口味的果粉间反式脂肪酸含量存在显著性差异。 相似文献
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The effect of replacing fat with oat bran on fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of meatballs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Oat bran was used as a fat substitute in the production of meatballs. The effect of oat bran addition on the fatty acid composition, trans fatty acids, total fat, some physicochemical and sensory properties of the samples was studied. Meatballs were produced with four different formulations; the addition of 5, 10, 15 and 20% oat bran. Control samples were formulated with 25% fat addition as in commercial production. The major fatty acids were cis-oleic, palmitic and stearic acid in all the meatball samples, those with oat bran added as well as the control. Meatballs containing oat bran had lower concentrations of total fat and total trans fatty acids than the control samples. Meatballs made with 20% oat bran had the highest protein, salt and ash contents, L value (lightness), b value (yellowness), and the lowest moisture content and a value (redness). There was no significant difference among the meatball samples with respect to sensory properties, and all samples had high acceptability. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to investigate possible formation of trans fatty acids due to irradiation of ground beef and frankfurters. Ground beef and frankfurter samples were irradiated at doses of 0, 1, and 5 kGy at 4 °C, and stored at 4 °C for 7 d (ground beef) or 3 mo (frankfurters). After irradiation and storage of the samples, trans fatty acids along with other fatty acids were analyzed using a modification of AOAC method 996.01. The results showed that 1 kGy irradiation did not induce any change in trans fatty acid content. However, 5 kGy irradiation caused a small but statistically significant ( P < 0.01) increase in the dominant trans fatty acid, C18:1 trans , which increased from 3.99% (of total fatty acid) for the nonirradiated ground beef to 4.05% for the 5 kGy sample, and from 1.21% for the nonirradiated frankfurter to 1.28% for the 5 kGy sample. Irradiation had no apparent effect on C16:1 and C18:2 trans fatty acids. In addition, irradiation slightly decreased the relative amount of poly-unsaturated fatty acid of ground beef and frankfurters, particularly after storage. Compared to variations in trans fatty acid content and fatty acid composition occurring naturally in meat and meat products, the changes due to irradiation were negligible. 相似文献