离心铸造自生初晶Si、Mg2Si颗粒增强Al基复合材料铸件工艺研究

采用不同的离心铸造工艺参数制备了自生初晶Si与Mg2Si颗粒增强Al基复合材料筒状铸件,铸件的内层富含增强颗粒,而外层没有增强颗粒.在铸件切削加工过程中发现,采用高温浇注无冷却水喷淋、低过热浇注无冷却水喷淋,以及高温浇注冷却水喷淋工艺参数得到的铸件,其内部存在明显的缩孔缺陷,而采用低过热浇注冷却水喷淋工艺参数制备的筒状铸件,铸件内部没有发现缩孔现象.对缩孔的形成过程分析发现,内层偏移的大量初晶Si、Mg2Si颗粒与铸型的冷却作用导致了筒状铸件的内壁和外壁同时向铸件心部凝固的对向凝固特征,这种对向凝固使得铸件的内部没有足够的液体进行补缩,最终形成缩孔.     

离心铸造铝基梯度功能复合材料自生Mg2Si/Si颗粒的定量研究

采用热模离心铸造工艺成功制备出了三种不同规格的初生Si/Mg2Si共同增强Al基复合材料筒状零件.对零件增强层颗粒体积分数和粒径的测量发现:随着筒状零件直径的增大,距内壁相等的位置颗粒的体积分数、初晶颗粒的粒径不断增大.而单个零件的初晶Si增强颗粒粒径,由内壁到外壁不断减小,而初晶Mg2Si颗粒粒径则呈相反的趋势.而且增强颗粒的体积分数在距内壁3-4mm处高达26%-29%,随后慢慢下降.     

离心铸造自生Zn—Al—Si表面复合材料的组织与性能

采用热膜金属型离心铸造Zn-27Al-5Si合金,获得了内层含大量初晶Si,外层有少量初晶Si,中层为细小共晶Si的表面复合材料,考察了复合材料的组织形貌和复合材料的,吧及模温和转速对组织的影响。结果,随着模温的提高,初晶Si、共晶Si和基体组织变得粗大;随着模转速的增加,初晶Si在内侧富集层厚度减小,初晶Si面积比增大。复合材料的内层由于聚集了大量初晶Si而具有较高的硬度和较优的耐磨性。复合材料的断裂方式为脆性断裂,含共晶Si的中层在断裂中比含块状初晶Si的内层经历了更多的塑性变形。     

Mg2Si颗粒增强自生铝基复合材料气缸套

采用离心铸造工艺制备初生Si与Mg2Si颗粒混合增强梯度自生铝基复合材料筒状毛坯,并将毛坯加工成气缸套零件,该零件的内壁有2～3 mm厚的颗粒增强层.微观组织显示,内壁增强层中混合颗粒的体积分数高达38%,而外壁没有增强颗粒;硬度与磨损试验表明,增强层具有较高的硬度与良好的耐磨性.磨损过程与复合增强机制表明,初生Si颗粒承担了主要的磨损载荷,Mg2Si相是提高增强效果必不可少的第二相颗粒.     

原位反应自生MgO/Mg2Si增强镁基复合材料的热力学和动力学研究

对SiO2与Mg反应的热力学分析计算，在Mg的熔化温度范围内，Mg与SiO2反应生成MgO和Mg2Si。通过真空感应炉中氩气保护，在纯Mg熔体中加入SiO2原位反应自生MgO／Mg2Si增强镁基复合材料，并采用XRD、OM、ESEM、EDAX等对反应生成相的种类、形态、大小和分布等进行研究。结果表明：800℃在Mg中加入SiO2可原位反应生成Mg2Si和MgO增强相，Mg2Si为多角形和细条状，在Mg基体中分布均匀；MgO为细小的粒子状，在熔体中分布不均匀，大多则是聚集在坩蜗底部；机械搅拌可有效削弱反应添加物SiO2的动力学沉降过程，改善原住反应的动力学条件，促使反应生成的MgO在熔体中分布均匀.初步建立起SiO2与Mg反应的宏观动力学模型。     

高铝锌基合金离心铸造缺陷分析

本文考察分析了高铝锌合金离心铸造时易产生的表面缩陷和皮下缩松、内部夹杂和气扎等缺陷的产生原因和影响因素,从而提出了防止这些缺陷的途径。     

离心铸造Al－Cr合金自生梯度复合材料

采用预热金属型离心铸造Ａｌ－Ｃｒ合金，获得外层为偏聚梯度分布的Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，内层含少量偏聚Ａｌ７Ｃｒ，中间层不含偏聚Ａｌ７Ｃｒ的自生梯度复合材料。检测了偏聚Ａｌ７Ｃｒ、硬度和耐磨性沿径向的分布，考察了型温和Ｃｒ含量对显微组织的影响，分析了复合材料的形成过程和断裂性能。     

离心铸造原位Al／Mg2Si复合材料组织与性能的研究

由原位内生Ａｌ／Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ复合材料的离心铸造,得到了内外壁均含Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ颗粒增强相,而中部为合金基体的复合材料管材。管材内外部硬度高于中部,而中部的拉伸性能高于管材的两壁。分析了在离心力场中,原位复合材料组织的形成及其对力学性能的影响。     

Si及变质处理对Mg2Si/Mg复合材料的影响

分析了Mg-Si二元合金直接原位形成Mg2Si/Mg复合材料的过程,研究了Si含量以及变质处理对复合材料组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明,随着合金中Si含量的增加,合金的流动性降低,复合材料中原位Mg2Si的数量增多,树枝晶形态更为发达;对优化的Mg-8Si合金,进行混合稀土(MM)和Sb变质处理,可明显改善Mg2Si的形态和分布,但Sb变质的效果要好于MM。合金经质量分数为1.2%的Sb变质处理后,Mg2Si以颗粒状均匀分布在Mg基体中,从而使复合材料具有较好的耐磨性。     

冷却速度对Mg2Si增强过共昌AI-Si合金组织与性能的影响

采用液态熔融法制备Mg2Si增强过共晶Al-Si合金自生复合材料。研究了冷却速度、稀土（Pr）变质处理对铸态显微组织与性能的影响。结果表明，在液相线附近，冷却速度快，晶粒均匀细小；稀土（Pr）变质剂对初生硅及共晶组织均有明显的细化效果，并细化MgzSi、改变其形貌与尺寸，可显著提高合金的力学性能。     

Effects of temperature on fracture behavior of Al-based in-situ composites reinforced with Mg2Si and Si particles fabricated by centrifugal casting

An aluminum-based in-situ composites reinforced with Mg₂Si and Si particles were produced by centrifugal casting Al–20Si–5Mg alloy. The microstructure of the composites was examined, and the effects of temperature on fracture behavior of the composite were investigated. The results show that the average fraction of primary Si and Mg₂Si particles in the composites is as high as 38%, and ultimate tensile strengths (UTS) of the composites first increase then decrease with the increase of test temperature. Microstructures of broken specimens show that both the particle fracture and the interface debonding affect the fracture behavior of the composites, and the interface debonding becomes the dominant fracture mechanism with increasing test temperature. Comparative results indicate that rich particles in the composites and excellent interface strength play great roles in enhancing tensile property by preventing the movement of dislocations.     

离心铸造过共晶Al-Si合金自生梯度复合材料及其阻尼性能

通过改变离心铸造的转速 ,获得了内层有较多初晶Si,其余部分为共晶组织或初晶Si由外向内偏析的Al 16 %Si合金自生梯度复合材料。分析了复合材料的形成过程 ,考察了复合材料的组织 ,研究了复合材料各层的阻尼性能。结果表明 :Al 16 %Si合金自生梯度复合材料内层内耗是中、外层的 1.4倍 ,为充分发挥此材料的阻尼性能 ,应在频率高于 16 0Hz使用     

Al-Mg-Si合金强化作用的键分析

对Al-Mg-Si合金中主要析出相[3(Mg2Si)以及纯硅晶胞的键电子密度计算，表明硅晶胞中置强的Si-Si键nA比β(Mg2Si)相的Mg-Si置强键nA要强2倍，相应的置强键密度-ρ也大2倍，这是影响Mg2Si颗粒的生长以及合金的硬度和强度等力学性能的主要原因。     

Characteristics of two Al based functionally gradient composites reinforced by primary Si particles and Si/in situ Mg_2Si particles in centrifugal casting

Two kinds of Al based functionally gradient composite tubes reinforced by primary Si particles alone and primary Si/in situ Mg2Si particles jointly were successfully prepared by centrifugal casting,and their structural and mechanical characters were compared.It is found that the composite reinforced with primary Si particles takes a characteristic of particles distribution both in the inner and outer layers.However,composite reinforced with primary Si/Mg2Si particles jointly takes a characteristic of partic...     

离心法制备复合材料环的组织和性能

通过离心铸造法制备了外加WC颗粒增强铁基复合材料环,研究了复合材料环表面工作层内WC颗粒分布、界面结构、基体组织和力学性能以及高速磨损性能。结果表明:采用离心铸造法制备的外加WC颗粒增强铁基复合材料环是由外部WCP/Fe-C工作层和芯部Fe-C合金层组成的复合结构,其复合材料工作层厚度约30 mm,复合材料层中WCP分布均匀,体积分数约80%,复合层硬度80～85 HRA,芯部基体组织为贝氏体、石墨和少量复合碳化物,芯部基体硬度为73～76 HRA,冲击韧性大于10J/cm2,复合材料磨损率远低于高速钢,与WC硬质合金相当。     

Aluminum alloy pistons reinforced with SiC fabricated by centrifugal casting

Hypereutectic Al-Si alloy-based composite pistons reinforced with SiC particles locally at the head were fabricated by centrifugal casting. The effects of various technique parameters, i.e., the slurry temperature of the alloy, the mold temperature and the rotation speed of the mold, on the particle segregation were investigated, and the macromorphologies and microstructures of pistons were observed. The mechanical properties, such as hardness and wear resistance along the axis of the piston and the thermal expansion coefficient at the piston head, were measured. The results showed that, (1) centrifugal casting can be used as a new and effective method in manufacturing pistons, and reasonable parameters were 850 °C, 600 °C and 800 rpm for the slurry temperature of the alloy, the mold temperature and the rotation speed of the mold, respectively; (2) the hardness values of pistons fabricated by centrifugal casting gradually increased from the piston skirt to the piston head, and the average hardness value in piston heads was improved by 23.7HRB over that of pistons fabricated by gravity permanent mold casting; (3) the piston heads showed excellent wear resistance, and the wear rate of piston heads decreased by 70.3% over that of the piston fabricated by gravity permanent mold casting; and (4) the average linear expansion coefficient of the piston head was 15.3 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ and decreased by 23.1% over that of pistons fabricated by gravity permanent mold casting.     

离心铸造WC颗粒增强钢基复合材料辊环的研制

介绍了WCp/钢基复合材料轧辊的材料选择和制备工艺 ,并对其显微组织及力学性能进行了分析。工业实验结果表明 :复合材料轧辊的寿命比普通Cr12轧辊高 3倍以上     

热处理对离心铸造自生梯度功能复合材料Al-20Si-5Mg合金的组织性能影响

通过对离心铸造Al-20Si-5Mg合金筒状铸件在不同热处理状态下的硬度和耐磨性能的测定以及显微组织的观察,分析了热处理工艺对合金硬度及耐磨性能的影响.结果表明:铸件内层的硬度在510℃×6h固溶处理后达到最大值HRB90,510℃×6h固溶处理后210℃×12h时效,铸件内层具有最好的耐磨性能.     

Centrifugal casting processes of manufacturing in situ functionally gradient composite materials of Al-19Si-5Mg alloy

Cylindrical components of in situ functionally gradient composite materials of Al-19Si-5Mg alloy were manufactured by centrifugal casting. Microstructure characteristics of the manufactured components were observed and the effects of the used process factors on these character-istics were analyzed. The results of observations shows that, in thickness, the components possess microstructures accumulating lots of Mg2Si particles and a portion of primary silicon particles in the inner layer, a little Mg2Si and primary silicon particles in the outer layer, and without any Mg2Si and primary silicon particle in the middle layer. The results of the analysis indicate that the rotation rate of centrifugal casting, mould temperature, and melt pouring temperature have evidently affected the accumulation of the second phase particles. Also, the higher the centrifugal rotation rate, mould temperature, and melt pouring temperature are, the more evident in the inner layer the degree of accumulation of Mg2Si and primary silicon particles is.