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重整原料预处理是催化重整装置的一个重要组成部分。通过对先加氢后分馏和先分馏后加氢两种预处理工艺流程的对比,推荐采用先加氢后分馏的工艺流程,以60万t/a连续重整装置为例,对经过预加氢处理后的石脑油,采用先汽提后分馏和“二塔合一”工艺流程的主要设备、投资、能耗等进行了对比,推荐采用先汽提后分馏工艺流程设计方案。 相似文献
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在炼油行业加氢类装置中,重整氢是加氢类装置消耗氢气的主要来源之一,但是由于重整氢工艺流程的特点,与制氢装置产氢相比,其纯度较低、含氯较高。加氢装置使用重整氢气后,氢气中的氯与加氢反应生成的铵相结合,遇适宜温度后结晶,附着在设备表面,改变局部电化学环境,久而久之,便会造成设备的垢下腐蚀,对设备、产品质量和生产安全都有较大影响。 相似文献
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根据连续重整装置不同部位的工艺特点,探讨了ET系列脱氯剂在连续重整装置的预加氢高温脱氯、重整产氢低温脱氯及连续重整再生循环气高温脱氯中的应用。结果表明:ET系列脱氯剂能较好地脱除重整进料、重整产氢和再生循环气中的氯化氢,较好地消除了氯化氢对装置的腐蚀隐患。 相似文献
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介绍了煤直接液化加氢工艺的氢气需求和为提高氢气利用率所采取的措施。该工艺采用两套煤气化制氢、一套天然气制氢和一套重整装置制氢为煤炭液化和液化油品加氢等提供所需的氢气。煤直接液化装置采用膜分离系统将循环氢中的氢气含量从86%提高到96%。同时,采用变压吸附装置(PSA)回收煤直接液化加氢工艺的富氢排放气中的氢气。因膜分离系统受原料制约,其使用效率随运行周期逐渐降低,致使氢气回收率下降、尾气中氢气含量逐渐升高,即降低了膜分离效率,又增加了后续PSA运行能耗;各工段塔顶气经过轻烃回收后所产干气含氢量在49~61%之间,氢气没有得到有效回收利用,直接进入燃料气管网用于燃烧加热,造成了氢气的浪费。因此膜分离系统进行优化配置、干气系统进行氢气回收,对提高煤直接液化加氢工艺的氢气利用率及整个工艺过程的节能降耗具有重要意义。 相似文献
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介绍了齐鲁石化近年来通过增加乙烯裂解、连续重整等副产氢气能力,提高煤气化装置负荷增产煤制氢,以及新建轻烃回收综合利用装置优化炼油厂气体燃料使用回收氢气等措施实施低成本氢气策略,并按照氢气压力和纯度进行分级利用,优化供氢网络,加强用氢管理,严格控制氢气排放,有效降低了用氢成本。 相似文献
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For optimization of a hydrogen network, a steam reformer is associated to the feedstock and linear programming (LP) is applied. The investigated network consists of one steam reformer and two feedstocks. By exerting LP and the mentioned association, total annual cost decreasing is achieved in a case study in which natural gas and off‐gas were considered as feedstocks. The optimization problems of the hydrogen network comprise the hydrogen network retrofit design and the feedstock selection with respect to their cost. Nonlinear programming (NLP) and mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) models are developed for optimization based on a two‐case study: for the first one, an existent optimization method on hydrogen networks is investigated and for the second one, revision of a recent optimization method on hydrogen networks associated by an LP model in the steam reformer unit is applied. These two cases resulted in total annual cost reductions of 34 % and 45.9 %, respectively. 相似文献
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用吸附分离技术优化石脑油原料质量的探索 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
石脑油作为蒸汽裂解工艺的主要原料,其性质直接影响裂解主要产品收率和裂解炉操作周期。石脑油中不同烃类组成的裂解性能存在较大差异。探索试验结果表明:采用吸附分离技术可以做到正构、非正构烷烃的分离,从而优化蒸汽裂解制乙烯和催化重整装置的原料,但需要有足够的石脑油资源和催化重整工艺装置生产能力。 相似文献
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Xiwen Huang Dale A. King Feng Zheng Victoria S. Stenkamp Ward E. TeGrotenhuis Benjamin Q. Roberts David L. King 《Catalysis Today》2008,136(3-4):291
A field-deployable process for generation of clean desulfurized fuel from JP-8 feedstock is described. The process employs a compact hydrodesulfurization unit, operated in the vapor phase using steam reformate provided by an integrated steam reformer, as a replacement for hydrogen co-feed gas. The process includes a microchannel distillation unit upstream of the hydrodesulfurizer unit, which allows use of a lighter feed fraction to be processed in place of the full JP-8. The novel microchannel distillation concept is described and performance data for the unit, operating as a rectifier, are provided. Since the generated light fraction fuel from microchannel distillation contains fewer refractory sulfur components, the subsequent HDS process can readily achieve a significant sulfur reduction. The overall process can generate an ultra-clean JP-8 light fraction fuel with approximately 300 ppb sulfur residual. Hydrodesulfurization of full JP-8 fuel without the microchannel distillation unit was also studied. The effect of various operating parameters on the overall hydrodesulfurization performance, as well as the conversion of some individual sulfur components such as 2,3-dimethyl-benzothiophene, 2,3,5-trimethyl-benzothiophene and 2,3,7-trimethyl-benzothiophene, were investigated. Steam content in reformate at 30 mol% or less was found to improve HDS performance compared with dry reformate, despite a decrease in hydrogen partial pressure. However, at even higher concentrations of steam, hydrodesulfurization performance decreased. 相似文献
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以某厂60万t/a连续重整装置为例,从原料油优化处理、采用催化剂级配装填技术以及优化注冷氢位置等方面探讨了高比例掺炼FCC汽油石脑油加氢单元的工程设计。通过采取多种优化设计,使加氢精制油中杂质含量完全满足重整进料要求,解决了炼厂重整原料不足的问题,满足了企业汽柴油产品质量升级的需求。 相似文献
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Economic Assessment of the Hydrogenation of CO2 to Liquid Fuels and Petrochemical Feedstock
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Dr.‐Ing. Quido Smejkal Dr. Uwe Rodemerck Dr.‐Ing. Edmund Wagner Prof. em. Dr. Manfred Baerns 《化学,工程师,技术》2014,86(5):679-686
To remove high concentrations of CO2 from the off‐gas of coal‐driven power plants, a new process was proposed. The catalytic hydrogenation of the CO2 leads to the production of C2 – C4 (petrochemical feedstock) and liquid C5+ hydrocarbons (fuel). Thus, environmentally harmful CO2 may be converted sustainably to useful products. On the basis of a process flow sheet, the costs for processing the CO2 are estimated for different plant sizes. The price of hydrogen contributes significantly to the overall production costs. Further price reductions may be achieved by final engineering optimization of the process as a whole and specific unit operations. 相似文献
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王和平 《化学工业与工程技术》2001,22(6):37-41
开发了LY - 930 2型重整预加氢催化剂 ,并在装置上使用 ,替代进口的S - 12含量催化剂。结果表明 :在反应温度 2 95~ 30 8℃、反应压力 2 8~ 2 9MPa、原料油中S含量≤ 346× 10 -6及N含量≤ 3 1× 10 -6、体积空速 4 4~ 7 0h-1、氢油体积比 88 7~ 117的条件下 ,预加氢精制油中S、N含量均小于 0 5× 10 -6,精制油液收率大于 97% ,完全能满足装置生产的要求 ;LY - 930 2型催化剂加氢脱硫、脱氮活性比原使用的S - 12型催化剂略高 ,选择性、寿命等均达到S - 12型的性能 ,完全能替代S - 12型催化剂 相似文献
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原料劣质化对延迟焦化炉管结焦的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在重油热加工评价装置上考察了不同原料热转化生焦倾向。试验结果表明,原料性质越差,生焦速率越快,生焦诱导期越短。生焦诱导期内几乎不生焦,生焦诱导期之后,生焦量迅速增加。反应温度每增加10℃,生焦诱导期约缩短一半。原料沥青质高于10%、胶质高于30%左右时,对生焦率均有显著影响。 相似文献
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概述了大化肥装置进行原料路线改造的目的及内容,重点介绍了改造后的运行情况和工艺状况。实践证明,谢尔渣油部分氧化工艺气化炉带废锅流程不但可以以渣油为原料,而且能够以质量更差的沥青为原料,为谢尔工艺制气技术开辟了新的原料路线。 相似文献
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流化催化裂化是最重要的重油加工工艺之一,提升管反应器是催化裂化装置的关键部分,提升管反应器的进料混合段存在返混严重;油剂两相在提升管截面上浓度分布不均匀等问题。进料段内油滴和催化剂的混合状况对产品的收率与分布有着极为重要的影响。从喷嘴和进料段结构对改善提升管进料段的混合效果进行了分析,同时介绍了近年来研究的新成果,以及设备应用的新进展。 相似文献