微胶囊型自愈合聚合物基复合材料研究进展

自愈合材料是一种可以模仿生物体自行愈合的新型智能材料,具有广泛的应用前景。微胶囊型自愈合聚合物基复合材料是近年来复合材料自愈合方法领域内的研究热点之一。本文对目前聚合物基复合材料自愈合方法进行了综述,着重介绍了微胶囊型自愈合聚合物基复合材料的自愈合概念和机制、微胶囊结构及其技术发展状况,并详细介绍了微胶囊的芯材、壁材、自愈合基体材料及微胶囊临界应力等因素对复合材料自愈合性能的影响,以及自愈合效率的评估方法。最后讨论了微胶囊型自愈合聚合物基复合材料的发展趋势和面临挑战。     

热固性聚合物基复合材料自修复技术研究进展

聚合物基复合材料修复技术的发展对于复合材料使用可靠性和使用寿命的提高具有积极的作用.根据热固性聚合物基复合材料自修技术最新研究情况,介绍了利用中空纤维、微胶囊、热塑性粒子、热修复等修复热固性聚合物基复合材料技术.     

微胶囊及其在聚合物基复合材料中的应用

介绍了微胶囊及其表征方法.根据微胶囊拓展的新应用领域情况,总结了近几年来微胶囊用于聚合物基复合材料自修复、阻燃及增韧等研究进展.     

外援型自修复体系及其在环氧基复合材料中的应用

聚合物基自修复材料是近年来国内外的研究热点。根据自修复过程是否需要外加修复剂,聚合物基复合材料自修复方法主要分为外援型自修复和本征型自修复。外援型自修复体系主要包括双环戊二烯修复体系、环氧基修复体系、硫醇基修复体系、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯修复体系、马来酰亚胺修复体系等。着重介绍了这几种自修复体系及其在环氧基复合材料中的应用,并展望了外援型自修复体系在聚合物基复合材料的应用前景及发展方向。     

自修复微胶囊复合材料的制备及力学性能研究

为了提高树脂基复合材料的使用寿命,以脲醛树脂为壁材,双环戊二烯为囊芯,通过原位聚合法制备了内含修复液的微胶囊,探讨了反应过程中脲醛量比及乳化剂用量等对微胶囊表面形貌和结构的影响.通过优化工艺条件制备出表面致密的微胶囊,并将微胶囊埋植在环氧树脂基体中制备复合材料.采用扫描电镜对胶囊进行形貌表征,运用快速傅里叶变换红外光谱...     

微胶囊-玄武岩纤维/水泥复合材料的力学性能

以水泥、玄武岩纤维和脲醛/环氧树脂微胶囊为主要材料,制备水泥基复合材料标准试样,研究纤维掺量、纤维长度、微胶囊质量分数、水灰质量比和养护龄期对复合材料抗折强度和抗压强度的影响,利用正交实验确定微胶囊-玄武岩纤维/水泥自修复复合材料力学性能的最优配比。实验结果表明：抗折强度随着纤维掺量的增加而增加,抗压强度随着纤维掺量增加而减小;随着纤维长度的增加,抗折强度略有增加,抗压强度略有降低;抗折强度随着微胶囊质量分数的增加呈现出先增加后减小的趋势,而抗压强度则呈现下降趋势;抗折强度与抗压强度随养护龄期的增加而呈增加的趋势;材料经损伤后修复,抗折强度修复率为117%,恢复率为103%,抗压强度修复率为71%,恢复率为97%。     

一种聚合物基自修复复合材料的制备与表征

针对聚合物基自修复复合材料研究中存在的问题并结合硅氢化反应及其催化剂的特点,基于埋植式自修复体系的最新进展,提出了一种新的自修复体系。该体系由分散于基体中的包覆有修复单体的微胶囊和负载有催化剂的增强粒子或纤维填料构成。体系中的催化剂选用能在常温常压下快速高效催化硅氢化反应的负载型铂基催化剂。修复剂选用兼有多个硅氢键(Siv—H)和硅乙烯键(Si—Vi)的低聚有机硅氧烷。研究了所制备的自修复单体Ⅰ和Ⅱ在Karstedt催化剂和GF—Pt催化下的聚合反应,结果表明自修复单体能顺利聚合。用SEM研究了用修复单体Ⅱ处理负载有催化剂的玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的断面前后的形貌变化,结果表明修复反应可以在复合材料内部发生,修复反应发生后对界面结合有利。     

高分子材料自修复机理的研究进展

综述了高分子材料自修复的各种机理:基于微胶囊和液芯纤维的第一代自修复高分子;基于类毛细血管结构的第二代自修复高分子;基于可逆共价键的分子自修复机理;基于可逆非共价键的分子自修复机理;基于纳米粒子和离聚物的自修复机理;以及外力感应型自修复机理。重点介绍了各种机理的化学过程、特点和自修复效率。最后,展望了自修复高分子材料的发展前景。     

聚合物基复合材料自修复的研究进展

复合材料的自修复功能已成为智能材料研究的重点之一。自修复主要包括外援型自修复和本征型自修复,外援型自修复种类主要包括微胶囊型、中空纤维型以及微脉管型自修复;本征型自修复主要包括可逆共价键和可逆非共价键自修复。系统地阐述了这几种典型自修复方法的研究进展及其优势和不足,展望了自修复复合材料的发展及应用前景。     

基于光固化的液芯光纤及其性能

研究了液芯光纤及其芯液的性能,以及液芯光纤包层裂纹损伤的修复效果和修复原理。结果表明：该液芯光纤具有数值孔径大,传光性好等特点;芯液的光固化速度快,能够修复光纤包层裂纹,延长了光纤的使用寿命。该液芯光纤不仅可用于传感,而且由于芯液的特殊性使其能够用于光纤智能复合材料的自诊断和自修复。     

聚合物基自修复材料研究进展

聚合物基自修复材料是以聚合物为基体的,在受外界作用后能做出自我诊断,并对裂纹或损伤能进行一定程度修复的复合材料。本文介绍了聚合物基自修复复合材料的体系构成及分类,介绍各类修复体系的研究进展并分析比较其优劣,从中指出现有研究的不足及发展趋势。     

Self-repair of structural and functional composites with intrinsically self-healing polymer matrices: A review

Self-healing is a smart and promising way to make materials more reliable and longer lasting. In the case of structural or functional composites based on a polymer matrix, very often mechanical damage in the polymer matrix or debonding at the matrix–filler interface is responsible for the decrease in intended properties. This review describes the healing behavior in structural and functional polymer composites with a so-called intrinsically self-healing polymer as the continuous matrix. A clear similarity in the healing of structural and functional properties is demonstrated which can ultimately lead to the design of polymer composites that autonomously restore multiple properties using the same self-healing mechanism.     

自修复复合材料研究进展

具有自诊断、自修复功能的智能复合材料已成为新材料领域研究的重点之一.本文从陶瓷混凝土基复合材料、聚合物基复合材料和金属基复合材料三方面简要介绍了具有自修复能力的智能材料的概念、制备原理和模型.对近年来该领域的最新研究进展进行了评述,并总结了具有机敏性自愈合能力的材料的组成要素.     

Review of recent achievements in self-healing conductive materials and their applications

Self-healing materials have attracted increasing attention because of their wide range of applications. It can be expected to offer obvious advantages in conductive materials with self-healing properties, which are regarded as promising candidates for the fabrication of self-healing electronics, energy storage devices, sensors, anticorrosive coating and conductive adhesives. In this review, we focused on recent efforts to develop self-healing conductive composites including their preparation methods, properties and applications. The self-healing conductive materials were presented based on different conductive mediums, such as metal, carbon, conductive polymer, ionic liquids. In addition, their novel applications of the self-healing conductive materials in conductive coatings, energy storage devices and sensors are highlighted. Finally, the future challenges of conductive materials with self-healing properties are proposed.     

Review of current strategies to induce self-healing behaviour in fibre reinforced polymer based composites

Abstract

This paper addresses the various strategies to induce self-healing behaviour in fibre reinforced polymer based composites. A distinction is made between the extrinsic and intrinsic healing strategies. These strategies can be applied at the level of the fibre, the fibre/matrix interface or at the level of the matrix. It is shown that the degree of healing depends on the type of damage and the testing mode used and examples are given both for extrinsic and for intrinsic healing systems. The conclusion is drawn that self-healing in fibre reinforced composites is possible yet unlikely to become a commercial reality in the near future.     

Structural assessment of microvascular self-healing laminates using progressive damage finite element analysis

This paper presents a progressive damage analysis methodology to numerically analyse the effect of microvascular open channels on the structural properties of self-healing fibre–polymer laminates. The tensile and compression properties of self-healing carbon–epoxy laminates containing microvascular systems are analysed using finite element models which consider progressive in-plane ply damage and intra-ply damage (matrix and delamination cracking). The models predict with good accuracy (often within 5%) the stiffness and strength of laminates containing circular or elliptical microvascular channels of different sizes and orientations. The model calculates a progressive reduction in structural properties with increasing size of microvascular channels due to increased ply waviness, which was confirmed using experimental property data. The model also predicts the location and progression of damage under increasing tensile or compression loading to final failure. The model has application as a tool for the design of microvascular systems in self-healing composites used for structural applications.     

The effect of carbon nanofibres on self-healing epoxy/poly(ε-caprolactone) blends

The effects of carbon nanofibres (CNFs) on the mechanical performance and healing efficiency of self-healing epoxy/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) blends were examined. Through a simple polymer blending process, phase-separated epoxy/PCL blends were prepared, which showed self-healing capability upon thermal activation. The introduction of CNFs into a co-continuous phase-structured epoxy/PCL system, at the content of as low as 0.2 wt.%, has been found to yield combinational improvements in the flexural strength, tensile strength, toughness and hardness with no adverse effect on the self-healing performance. Significantly enhanced mechanical performance by low content of CNFs enables the development of epoxies and advanced polymer composites with longer service life and less maintenance.     

Cracks,microcracks and fracture in polymer structures: Formation,detection, autonomic repair

Polymers and polymer composites are susceptible to premature failure due to the formation of cracks and microcracks during their service time. Evolution of cracks and microcracks could induce catastrophic material failure. Therefore, the detection/diagnostics and effective repair of cracks and microcracks are vital for ensuring the performance reliability, cost effectiveness and safety for polymer structures. Cracks and microcracks, however, are difficult to detect and often repair processes are complex. Biologically inspired self-healing polymer systems with inherent ability to repair damage have the potential to autonomically repair cracks and microcracks. This article is a review on the latest developments on the topics of cracks and microcracks initiation and propagation in polymer structures and it discusses the current techniques for detection and observation. Furthermore, cracks and microcrack repair through bio-mimetic self-healing techniques is discussed along with surface active protection. A separate section is dedicated to fracture analysis and discusses in details fracture mechanics and formation.     

复合微胶囊填充型环氧树脂自修复复合材料的老化性能

采用浇注成型法制备新型环氧树脂-脲醛树脂@2-甲基咪唑复合微胶囊(E-51-UF@2-MI复合微胶囊)/环氧树脂自修复复合材料,研究湿热老化(65℃去离子水)、化学腐蚀(40%硫酸溶液、40%氢氧化钠溶液)、395nm紫外线老化对新型自修复复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度和自修复性能的影响。结果表明,新型自修复复合材料在65℃去离子水中浸泡8h后,吸湿率达到稳定状态,最大吸湿率为0.15%;在40%硫酸溶液中浸泡4d,拉伸强度和弯曲强度最小损失率分别为25.7%和21.6%;在40%氢氧化钠溶液中浸泡5d,拉伸强度和弯曲强度最小损失率分别为22.5%和19.8%;经紫外线老化4d,拉伸强度和弯曲强度最小损失率分别为26.1%和46.1%;在40%硫酸溶液和395nm紫外线老化条件下,修复率呈现下降趋势,而在40%氢氧化钠溶液腐蚀条件下,其修复率先略有上升后不断下降。自修复性能下降原因在于:基体老化、微胶囊老化,以及微胶囊与基体的脱离。