高分辨气体质谱计灵敏度不稳的故障分析

MAT高分辨气体同位素质谱计出现发射电流灯丝频繁烧断和灵敏度不稳定的故障,根据故障现象对相关单元电路的参数进行了检测,分析出仪器故障是由于电源高压不稳定和离子源污染引起的,通过对高压电路的清洁和离子源的清洗,最终排除了故障。     

探伤加速器用磁控管自动调谐调整机构的研制

探伤加速器的剂量率稳定性是反映加速器整体性能的重要指标。剂量率的稳定涉及的因素较多，运行中磁控管与加速管频率的匹配是主要因素。通过磁控管的调谐机构，调整其频率以适应加速管的频率变化是稳定剂量率的一个重要手段。磁控管自动调谐机构采用步进电机驱动磁控管调谐旋钮，采用编码器纪录调谐旋钮的位置，通过位置估算磁控管的频率。     

基于微机电系统技术的薄膜离子源制备与实验研究

基于微机电系统技术的薄膜离子源是芯片型中子发生器的关键部件。本文通过在陶瓷基底上制备图形化钛膜并利用3层陶瓷重叠的方法获得了薄膜离子源样品,采用平板探针法和激光共聚焦显微镜得到了薄膜离子源的离子电流及其电极烧蚀特性,并进一步利用高速相机和光谱仪得到了薄膜离子源的放电发光演化图像和等离子体组分信息,最后基于实验结果分析揭示了薄膜离子源放电的工作机制。     

小型无损探伤电子直线加速器BP神经网络稳频系统

作为小型探伤电子直线加速器功率源的磁控管 (工作频率为 93 70MHz) ,其主要缺点是自身振荡频率的稳定性差 ,且磁控管在工作中由于各种原因会产生打火、跳谱和散谱现象 ,从而造成加速器工作不稳定 ,因此 ,必须采用频率稳定系统。为了更好地解决上述问题 ,应用BP神经网络方法 ,以保证工作频率稳定。     

数字化I/Q技术用于磁控管频率控制

采用磁控管做功率源的低能电子直线加速器在医疗、辐照、X射线检测等领域得到较为广泛的应用。磁控管产生的微波信号输入到加速管,对电子束进行加速,磁控管的工作频率稳定性对加速器电子束能量、能散及发射度产生直接的影响。但磁控管是一种振荡器,其频率受到温度、振动、负载牵引的影响会产生漂移,所以需要一套自动频率控制系统(Automatic Frequency Control,AFC)机构对磁控管进行频率控制。目前普遍采用的AFC机构主要是行波控相或双腔鉴频,对两路检波信号差分放大进而控制伺服电机进行调谐的方法实现磁控管的频率稳定。随着数字化I/Q和FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array)技术的不断发展,运用该技术进行磁控管的频率控制完全具备可行性。本文从理论和工程设计上阐述了数字化I/Q技术在磁控管频率控制上的应用。     

750KeV,50mAH—RFQ预注入器调整结果

文章介绍西德DESY研究所750keV负氢离子预注入器的调整结果。通过提高弧流,磁控管型H~-离子源可以引出18keV,60—80mA的H~-脉冲离子流。发现外部磁场可以在螺旋管内部感生一个方向大体相同的磁场。在低能输运段,离子束空间电荷中和所需的时间约100μs。在离子源引出束流约65mA时,经两对螺旋管聚焦和RFQ加速后可以获得能量为750±8.8keV,聚团半宽度约0.8ns,发射度约3mm·mrad,束流为52mA的脉冲H~-流;其中33mA以上的束流处于1mm·mrad以内。     

中子管内潘宁离子源的建模与控制

由于中子管内离子源电流滞后于储存器电流,导致离子源电流的调节速度和稳定性不够高,进而影响中子产额的稳定性。本文在分析大量实验数据的基础上,建立了中子管离子源的数学模型,设计出相应的PID控制算法。经测试表明：所构建的离子源模型与实际离子源工作情况符合较好,改进的控制算法能减少稳定离子源电流所需时间,提高中子产额的稳定性。     

EAST-NBI离子源电极打火分析及处理

强流离子源是EAST(Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak)中性束注入器(Neutral Beam Injector,NBI)最关键的核心部件,其能达到的性能在很大程度上决定了EAST中性束注入器所能达到的指标。离子源在束引出时电极打火现象偶有发生,这对于离子源的正常运行有非常严重的影响,甚至危害离子源的寿命。本文结合离子源运行过程中的束引出实验波形和水流量热计(Water Flow Calorimetry,WFC)系统的测量数据得出等离子体发射面的束流光学系统一直处于非最佳聚焦状态是导致打火的原因,试通过优化高压投入时刻等离子体与高压的匹配,实现高压的稳定投入有效抑制打火现象的发生,并且给离子源加入硬件保护机制,为离子源安全稳定运行奠定基础。     

用于石油测井中子管的微型潘宁源的研制

为适应新一代石油测井中子管对小型化、稳定性好的离子源的要求,研制设计了一种阳极简直径为10mm的冷阴极潘宁离子源。通过优化结构设计、合理设计电磁场和屏蔽电磁场的干扰,此离子源应用于石油测井中子管具有放电电流稳定、中子产额高、工作性能好的特点,经实践证明能满足新一代石油测井中子管对离子源的要求。     

阴极有半圆柱形凹槽的非对称磁控管型H~-离子源的试验研究

一、前言国内唯一的一台标准磁控管型H~-离子源已在1983年完成了桌上试验研究,达到了预期的指标。试验中发现,该源按弧功率估算应能引出更多的H~-束流(>50mA),H~-束流的引出除受该装置引出电压(<18kV)的限制外,阴极表面利用系数低也限制了H~-束流的引出,为提高源的效率,引用了阴极-阳极引出狭缝形状聚焦技术,试制了一个带半圆     

EAST强流离子源电源系统的初步测试运行

测试NBI大功率强流离子源的综合测试台正在建设,已研制了离子源等离子体发生器电源系统、等离子体电极高压电源及梯度极分压器、抑制极负高压电源等电源系统,以及高压传输线及缓冲器,在测试台上开展了对EAST中性束注入器第一台兆瓦级强流离子源样机进行整体电源系统测试和离子源起弧放电的初步测试,完成了离子源电源系统初步性能测试及...     

860 A溅射负离子源电离器及电源的改进

本文采用直径为2.5 mm的不锈钢铠装热丝研制了透射型表面电离器,并对离子源电源进行了改进。用连续可调直流开关电源代替原装交流电源作为电离器电源,用置于地电位的0~-20 kV电源代替原悬浮于-20 kV引出电压上的10 kV浸没透镜电源。给出了改进后GIC4117 2×1.7 MV串列加速器前法拉第杯H^-流强随电离器加热电流的变化曲线。     

The Power Supply System of Ion Source for NBI

The power supply system of ion source for the Neutral Beam Injector (NBI) in the HT-7 superconducting tokamak is based on a single injector with one ion source that can deliver 700 kW of neutral beam power. Experiments and a discharges test on the ion source were successfully performed. In this paper, the circuit structures and features of every power supply are described and the results of the discharges test are presented.     

Bended probe diagnostics of the plasma characteristics within an ECR ion source with a rectangular waveguide

To reveal the argon plasma characteristics within the entire region of an electron cyclotron resonance(ECR) ion source, the plasma parameters were diagnosed using a bended Langmuir probe with the filament axis perpendicular to the diagnosing plane. Experiments indicate that,with a gas volume flow rate and incident microwave power of 4 sccm and 8.8 W, respectively,the gas was ionized to form plasma with a luminous ring. When the incident microwave power was above 27 W, the luminous ring was converted to a bright column, the dark area near its axis was narrowed, and the microwave power absorbing efficiency was increased. This indicates that there was a mode transition phenomenon in this ECR ion source when the microwave power increased. The diagnosis shows that, at an incident microwave power of 17.4 W, the diagnosed electron temperature and ion density were below 8 eV and 3?×?10~(17) m~(-3), respectively, while at incident microwave power levels of 30 W and 40 W, the maximum electron temperature and ion density were above 11 eV and 6.8?×?10~(17) m~(-3), respectively. Confined by magnetic mirrors, the higher density plasma region had a bow shape, which coincided with the magnetic field lines but deviated from the ECR layer.     

电子回旋共振等离子体源的特性

简要描述了一台频率为２．４５ＧＨｚ的电子回旋共振（ＥＣＲ）等离子体源的特性测试,结果表明,放电室内的等离子体密度和电子温度与静态磁场、微波输入功率和真空度等参数均有着密切关系。当磁场达到共振条件８７．５ｍＴ时,等离子体很易产生,但等离子体密度的最大值却出现在９３ｍＴ处。ＥＣＲ源在真空度为０．１－１Ｐａ间均能运行。由石英、Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷和ＢＮ构成的微波输入窗有良好的阻抗匹配,在微波功率为２００－７０     

The microwave absorption of ceramic-cup microwave ion source

An experiment system of ceramic-cup microwave ion source has been built here,Its microwave absorption efficiency as a function of the magnetic field and the pressure is presented ,When the microwave incident power is 300-500W the microwave absorption efficiencies are more than 90% if the system is optimized and the magnetic field at the microwave widows is 0.095T.     

Power Supplies for Cold Cathode Penning Discharge Ion Sources

For the generation of heavy ions at high charge states, the cold-cathode Penning discharge ion source requires a power supply capable of both the high potential essential for striking an arc and the high current for sustaining it. A series-regulated power supply developed at Oak Ridge provides up to 6 kV of striking voltage and up to 12 amperes of arc current. The power supply operates in a constant current mode with the arc voltage dependent on the gas pressure in the ion source. With this source in ORIC, the typical operating conditions are 5 to 10 amperes arc current, 600 to 2000 volts arc potential, and 5 to 20 kW power dissipation in the arc. A larger power supply is planned for extending the arc current to about 25 amperes. Various arrangements, including pre-regulators and multiple power supplies, are under consideration to reduce power dissipation in the series regulator tubes.     

基于数字控制大功率整流电源的设计

针对典型的大功率整流电源,提出了一种基于数字控制的设计方案。通过对大功率中性束注入器离子源灯丝电源的方案设计和实验结果,验证了数字控制方案的可行性与优越性。由于数字控制方案的应用,使得灯丝电源的设计更加智能化和简单化,为相关的应用场合提供了参考。     

Design and Development of a Power Supply System for NBI Test Stand of EAST

A neutral beam injector (NBI) test stand was constructed to develop a multi-megawatt prototype ion source as an auxiliary heating system on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak. A power supply system for the NBI test stand components such as a set of dc power supplies for plasma generator, a dc high voltage power supply of a tetrode accelerator, a transmission line and a surge energy suppressor. Stable arc discharges of the plasma generator with hydrogen gases for 100 s long pulse have been produced by six Langmuir probes feedback loop regulation mode to control the arc power supply. The 4 MW hydrogen ion beam of 1 s is extracted with beam energy of 80 keV and the beam current of 52 A. The dc high voltage power supply for the plasma grid of the prototype ion source was designed to contribute maximum voltage of 100 kV and current of 100 A. The high voltage power output is continuously adjustable to satisfy with plasma physics experiment in operation frequency of 10 Hz. To prevent damage of the beam source at high voltage breakdown, core snubber using deltamax soft magnetic materials have been adopted to satisfy the input energy into the accelerator from the power supply can be reduced to about 5 J in the case of breakdown at 80 kV. For the transmission line, a disc shape multi cable coaxial configuration was adopted and which the dimension of the diameter is 140 mm at the core snubber. The major issues of discharge characteristics with long pulse and beam extraction with high power for the prototype ion source were investigated on the NBI test stand.     

紧凑型强流ECR源

建立了１台紧凑型强流ＥＣＲ源。共振磁场由１个小电磁线圈及软铁回路产生,磁场可调,能保证放电处于最佳条件。研究了气压,微波功率及共振场对放电的影响。在５５０Ｗ的放电功率下,从直径４ｍｍ引出孔引出了３５ｍＡ的Ｈ＾＋离子束,引出Ｈ＾＋离子的质子比超过９０％,从源中还引出了７ｍＡＯ＾＋、８ｍＡＮ＾＋、１２ｍＡ Ａｒ＾＋的束流。