基于ZigBee的油井数据传输系统研究与设计

为实现油井抽油机参数实时监控,利用ZigBee无线数据传输,实现数据的采集、存储、显示控制系统。系统以ZigBee模块为核心,前端采用压力传感器、温度传感器、电流传感器进行测量,得到的数据通过ZigBee模块以无线局域网的方式输出。接收端为手持设备,通过ZigBee模块接收并显示。该系统工作稳定,使用方便,为掌握抽油机生产状况提供极大的帮助。     

油井参数无线传输系统研究与设计

为实现油井抽油机参数实时监控,利用zigbee无线短传传输,实现数据的采集、存储、显示控制系统。系统以zigbee模块为核心,前端采用压力传感器、温度传感器、电流传感器进行测量,得到的数据通过zigbee模块以无线局域网的方式输出。接收端为手持设备,通过zigbee模块接收并显示。本系统工作稳定,使用方便,为掌握抽油机生产状况提供极大的帮助。     

无转速传感器抽油电机扭矩在线监测系统研究

介绍了一种无转速传感器抽油机异步电机的在线监测系统的软、硬件设计。论述了通过实时采集抽油机异步电机的三相电压和电流,计算电机的三相有功功率、无功功率和功率因数的方法。并利用电机模型参数,根据抽油机异步电机工作的特点,分析了实时计算电机定子磁链的幅值和相位的方法。同时提出了结合坐标变换下的定子电流计算,实时获取抽油机异步电机电磁转矩及转速的一般方法。     

游梁式抽油机生产故障自动监测系统设计

为了实时准确监测游梁式抽油机的生产运行状态,及时对停井及停电等故障进行排查和处理,研发了一套适用于油田生产现场的油井生产故障自动监测系统。系统采用接近开关检测曲柄销的运动状态,采用ACDC模块检测抽油机的供电状态,应用GSM网络将报警信息远传至上位机系统,通过页面开发和网络发布,实现了油井生产运行状态的在线实时监测。现场应用表面,系统停电报警响应时间小于20 s,停井报警响应时间小于60 s,且无误报漏报情况发生,满足现场实时性与准确性要求。     

数字油田

分布在油田生产现场的油田抽油机监控箱、室外型摄像机及各类传感器,可实现现场油井采油设备和油井的各类状态、视频信息、告警信息、测井数据的采集以及抽油机工况的远程控制等功能。     

基于TSC的抽油机综合节能控制系统研究

油田抽油机在油田日常生产过程中占有极大的能耗比例,降低抽油机的能耗,改善电网的功率因数,有着很重要的实际应用价值。在对油田抽油机电能损耗分析的基础上,针对抽油机在不同冲程负载特性范围大的特点,采用晶闸管智能控制模块对抽油机电机进行降压节能控制。并在调压节能的基础上,通过精确的测量电网实时参数,结合无功补偿技术,对无功功率进行动态补偿,提高抽油机系统的功率因数,降低了能耗。采用ARM处理器作为核心控制器,在满足工业控制要求的同时降低了设计成本。系统通过工业现场运行的检验,取得了较好的节能效果。     

基于电参数转示功图技术系统设计及应用

针对抽油机受周期性交变载荷,容易造成载荷传感器漂移、失真等问题,导致影响工况诊断结果,基于三相电参数反演示功图深度学习模型,固化在相应的计算模块中,并将其内嵌在设备中,并研发了三相电参采集、功率计算、深度学习模型系统集成、数据传输功能等模块,设计了一种基于电参数转示功图的设备。现场试验表明,电参数转示功图技术终端设备提高了示功图预测精度,可以逐步替换载荷传感器,实现无传感器低成本、高效率的油井数字化管理。     

数字化游梁式抽油机自平衡控制系统研究与设计

游梁式抽油机平衡度是影响抽油机功耗以及采油效率的关键因素,针对抽油机平衡问题设计了一种数字化游梁式抽油机自平衡控制系统,该系统主要包括角位移传感器、载荷传感器、电动平衡器、电参采集模块、以STM32为核心的智能控制器构成,数字化游梁式抽油机自适应控制策略采用闭环控制系统,分别采用模糊控制与"最小功率"算法,智能控制器通...     

抽油机位移测量装置设计

抽油机位移参数是抽油机电功图和示功图的重要组成部分,是分析抽油机工况的重要依据。文章利用单片机、加速度传感器、WiFi模块等搭建了抽油机位移测量装置,根据接收到的测量指令,对抽油机位移进行测量,并将测量结果远传。实验证明,该装置测量准确,具有重要的研究意义和应用价值。     

抽油机减速器运行工况数字化管理系统的设计

设计了油田抽油机减速器运行工况数字化管理系统,通过外接安装各种传感器,实现了抽油机的远程启动及运行工况的监测,超限停机声光报警。实时获取减速器油温、油质、油位等参数的信息。实现各单井状态的集中监控,缩短了故障发现和排除周期,提高了劳动效率,强化了油田现代化管理水平。同时也为减速器润滑油过程多参数复合检测开创了一种全新的理念。     

A digital miniature pump for medical applications

This paper describes the principle, design, control and performance of a novel miniature linear peristaltic pump. Exhibiting dual and bi-directional feed capabilities that allow the simultaneous pumping of two distinct fluids at measured and precise flow rate, the pump consists of two resilient tubes and two directly actuated pumping units. Both of the two flexible tubes are placed in the pumping units in such a way that when a pumping element reciprocates in any direction to collapse one adjacent segment of the tubing, it will release the other adjacent segment of the same tubing at the same time. The two pumping elements reciprocate in a sequence so that fluid in the flexible tubing is continuously pumped in preset direction. For each pumping element, two reflective optical sensors are used to detect its position. Based on the output of the four position sensors, a digital logical control circuit is built for the pump. Experimental results show that this kind of miniature pump has potential applications in portable infusion/suction systems.     

采用Sagnac反馈环的高效率宽带L-波段放大自发辐射源

采用掺铒光纤在L-波段的放大自发辐射(ASE)构成的宽带光信号源在光纤传感、器件测试等方面有着广泛的应用需求,而抽运转换是制作这种光源的关键技术之一.基于C-波段放大自发辐射对L-波段信号具有二次抽运作用的机理,在光纤的一端采用Sagnac反馈环将输出的C-波段放大自发辐射反馈回到掺铒光纤中,这些被反馈的C-波段放大自发辐射像注入的信号光一样消耗上能级粒子数而受到放大并沿光纤的同一方向传输,同时成为L-波段放大自发辐射的抽运源.由于Sagnac反馈环减少了泄漏的C-波段放大自发辐射功率,因而抽运转换效率大大提高.实验中,在不加平坦滤波器的情况下,在125 mW 980 nm抽运光输入时输出L-波段放大自发辐射宽谱功率达到14 dBm,抽运转换效率(PCE)达到20%,1 dB带宽达到31.1 nm(1568.9～1600 nm),获得了高转换效率且宽带平坦的L-波段放大自发辐射谱输出.     

Power broadening and the basic limitations of CW optically pumpedfar-infrared laser performance

Power broadening is shown to be important for the line profile of the pump absorption coefficient of optically pumped far-infrared laser gases. Calculations of the pump absorption have to account for power broadening in order to correctly represent the flow of energy during the laser cycle. An analytic expression is derived for the power broadened absorption in the case of resonantly pumping the center of the absorption line. The basic limitations of far-infrared laser performance are the maximum pump power per volume that a molecular gas can absorb as well as the maximum far-infrared power per volume that the gas is able to produce. Closed expressions evolving from the power broadening considerations are given for both quantities. It turns out that both are basically determined by only two physical properties of the laser gas, namely the energy of the lower pump level and the rotational relaxation rate     

井下油套环空级联式光纤光栅压力传感器的研制

为了实现对油水井下油套环空中狭小空间大量程压力的监测,研制一种级联式的光纤光栅压力传感器。首先,根据实际工况,设计一种基于平膜片和等强度梁相结合的光纤光栅压力传感器封装结构;采用级联式的方法,在未改变原有光纤光栅性能指标的前提下,扩大传感器的测量范围,解决压力测量范围和灵敏度之间的矛盾;通过力学分析验证研制的传感器结构的合理性与可行性,同时阐明其温度补偿的方法。实验结果表明:本文传感器的测压范围为0～30MPa,灵敏度为329.5pm/MPa,线性度达到98%以上。并且传感器结构简单,尺寸小巧,易于实现,装配到油管后的实际厚度仅为17mm,能够满足油水井下油套环空中压力的监测要求。     

正反向泵浦下掺铒光纤放大器的增益与自发辐射特性的研究

本文论述了掺铒光纤放大器在正向泵浦、反向泵浦时，它的增益与自发辐射特性的不同，通过对电子工业部第四十六研究所研制的掺铒光纤吸收谱的测量，计算了正向泵浦、反向泵浦时，泵浦光、某一波长的荧光功率、荧光总功率及信号光功率随光纤长度的变化，分析了正反向泵浦时，掺铒光纤放大器的荧光谱与增益谱，并讨论了双向泵浦情况下，放大器增益与光纤长度的关系。     

一种新型小型化高抽速的复合吸气泵

本文介绍了一种高抽速体积小巧的由溅射离子泵和吸气剂泵组合而成的复合泵,其特别适用于超高真空实验室设备、便携式真空仪器等领域。其采用吸气剂泵作为主泵,用一个小型离子泵安装在吸气剂泵的支架内用来抽除吸气剂泵无法抽除的甲烷、惰性气体等,具有结构紧凑、体积小巧、便于安装和维护,抽速高等特点。     

Comparison Between Single-Longitudinal-Mode and Two-Longitudinal-Mode Pumping Cavity OPSMMWL

A CO₂ infrared laser system with a etalon to be the longitudinal mode select equipment was set up to be the optically pump source, as well as a mini NH3 with 20cm long sample tube to be the sub-millimeter wave laser. CO2-9R(16) line was chose to pump the mini-NH3 SMMW laser, and 90.4um SMMW line was obtained by single-longtudinal-mode or two-longitudinal-mode pumping. Experimental comparison of output power and operating gas pressure between single and two-longitudinal-mode OPSMMWL were studied. It was found that the two-longitudinal-mode OPSMMWL could get higher output power and broader spectrum, existed a lower operating gas pressure and wider range of operating gas pressure. These experimental results verified the theoretical calculations before.     

单、双纵模腔式光泵远红外激光器的实验研究

实验上采用可选纵模的TEA－CO2激光器作泵浦源,用CO2－9R（16）线泵浦小型腔式NHG3远红外激光器,在单、双纵模泵浦条件下均获得波长为90．4μm的远红外谱线。对单、双纵模腔式光泵远红外激光的输出特性和工作气压作了实验比较研究,发现双纵模腔式光泵远红外激光可获得更强的远红外输出,具有较低的最佳工作气压值,并可在较宽的气压范围内工作。     

Subharmonic pumping of parametric amplifiers

The purpose of this paper is to present in some detail the operation of a parametric amplifier pumped subharmonically as compared to being directly pumped. As considered here, subharmonic pumping does not involve harmonic pump power generation (external to the varactor) but the utilization of higher-order time-dependent capacitances to yield parametric amplification by employing, basically, only a three-frequency system. The analysis given here is based on an evaluation of the Fourier series representation of the time-dependent capacitance resulting from large-signal ("hard") pumping of varactors. This evaluation indicates that significant values of higher-order time-dependent capacitances suitable for parametric amplification are obtained with relative pump swings in excess of about 90 per cent. Utilizing these higher-order time-dependent capacitances, the amplifier operation for various orders of subharmonic pumping is treated, including such factors as pump power requirements, gain, and noise figure. It is shown that, under certain conditions, less pump power is required to generate the same negative conductance than with direct fundamental pumping. Furthermore, for the same pump power and fundamental pump frequency, it is determined that significant improvements in amplifier noise figure are achieved by employing subharmonic pumping, provided varactor losses are small. From the results obtained by both analysis and experiment, it is concluded that subharmonic pumping, even without harmonic power generation, is not only feasible but can be very useful up to C-band signal frequencies with existing varactors.     

Excited singlet-state absorption in dyes and their effect on dye lasers

The performance of dye lasers with excited singlet-state absorption (ESA) at the pump and the lasing wavelengths is analyzed for short pulse pumped systems in the medium range of pumping intensities. Analytical and numerical solutions are presented for a wide range of the variable parameters such as ESA cross sections, the cavity reflectivity, and the pumping intensity. An experiment is described for measuring ESA cross sections in the pumping as well as the lasing regions, and the results for rhodamine 6G and rhodamine B are given, showing that due to ESA, the effective gain of the laser will be much lower than that expected from previously published data on the stimulated emission cross sections.