3D打印工艺

随着现代科学技术的发展,3D打印技术已经应用到了很多的领域,比在在修复文物,工业制造方面都有着非常出色的表现。本文主要对3D打印工艺进行简单介绍(包括扫描数据,数据处理,3D打印)。     

3D打印技术及其应用发展研究

本文通过分析3D打印机的原理,总结了几种典型的3D打印技术,分析其市场应用和发展方向,得出3D打印技术的发展会引领第三次工业革命的发展。     

浅谈3D打印技术及应用

3D打印从诞生到真正得以应用经历了十来年,而随着打印材料的不断丰富、直接生成成品的理念的形成及实现,为3D打印开创了非常广阔的前景。文章旨在通过它的原理介绍这一前沿技术,结合应用表述它无限的应用前景,并用一个完整的使用实例阐明它在制作模型中的应用过程及效果。     

3D打印的原理及应用

3D打印将变革制造所有产品的方式,被誉为“第三次工业革命”。3D打印实质为增材制造技术,即逐层叠加的方法直接制造零件原型。本文对3D打印技术流程概述,对打印原理做了详细说明,介绍了3D打印在航空航天、体育、医疗和教育方面的具体应用。     

桌面级3D打印技术及其发展趋势

在对桌面级打印机的关键技术分析的基础上,论述了几种典型的桌面级3D打印机以及各自的性能特点;探讨了桌面3D打印机在教育、食品、医学等行业的主要应用.针对3D打印技术的应用需求,展望了桌面级3D打印的技术发展造势.     

3D打印微型电池

实验室研究进展体现了增材制造技术可以如何改变电子设备的生产。     

机械三维建模及3D打印课程教学模式研究

三维建模软件在机械行业中越来越受到重视,相关软件的教学也成为机械大类专业的核心课程。以CREO 3.0为例,探讨了机械类三维建模课程的教学内容等到,并且进一步说明了作者在教学实践中的模式,在课程体系、教学资源建设、教学手段等方面都提出了新的理念和做法。     

天线3D打印技术中的闪光烧结工艺

闪光烧结的辐照面积大,能量密度分布均匀,可以显著提高天线3D打印的生产效率。目前对闪光烧结工艺的研究较少,烧结机理及其影响因素认识不足。为解决上述问题,针对纳米银薄膜闪光烧结工艺过程建立了数值模型,研究了纳米银薄膜和基板的温度分布规律,揭示了辐照能量对烧结温度的影响规律。实验测量了烧结温度和电导率,电导率最高为3.09×107  S/m,验证了模型的准确性。利用喷墨打印和闪光烧结制备了微带天线,实测其中心频率为5.81 GHz,在中心频率处回波损耗为-24.5 dB,与设计值吻合较好。仿真和实验成果可以为闪光烧结工艺的应用提供理论指导。     

3D打印在空间微波部件的应用展望

3D打印通过流体材料或粉体材料的层片叠加,将CAD设计转化为三维实体零件,无需模具或机加工,凭借极大的设计自由度和生产效率,近年来逐渐用于工业产品的直接制造,在配件减重、模型验证、复杂结构一体化成型、零部件受损修复方面具有极大的优势。本文介绍了3D打印技术及其分类,举例分析该技术在航天器微波部件的应用情况,探讨其对射频器件制备的影响。最后,对3D打印在空间部件制造的关键问题和发展进行了展望。     

三维打印的现状与未来

三维打印是一种增材制造工艺,其愿景是未来可以在任何地方（Anywhere）制作任何构造（Any-composition）、任何材料（Any-material）和任何几何形状（Any-geometry）的实物.综述了该技术的特点和优势,近年来在成本价格和材料方面的技术突破,以及新的应用领域.并探讨可能带来的商务范式、生产模式和生活方式的变革.最后指出该类技术的局限性和未来发展前景.     

From 3D modeling to 3D printing: Development of a differentiated spatial ability teaching model

3D modeling technologies and related techniques are emerging core competencies due to the increasing popularity of 3D printers. Traditional methods of teaching 3D modeling mostly depend on the use of three-view diagrams to guide students in the construction of a spatial cognition. However, a lack of three-dimensional and spatial ability on the part of the learners limits the effectiveness of this type of teaching material, and instructional effectiveness is also restricted by the existing spatial ability among students. In traditional approaches to technical education, students assume a largely passive role, while instruction adopts methods that emphasize rote learning, but these approaches are in the process of being transformed. Accordingly, the present study attempts to combine the Conceive, Design, Implement, Operate (CDIO) educational framework and 3D printing-tangible teaching materials for college students to explore potential improvements in learning outcomes. Experimental results indicate that different teaching materials (three-view diagrams and 3D printed solid models) result in the development of different spatial abilities (specifically, mental rotation and spatial visualization) and learning outcomes. In addition, the use of solid models results in 3D model learning outcomes better than those achieved using traditional three-view diagrams. Inspired by theories of perception and motivation and dual coding theory, this study developed a set of differentiated spatial ability teaching models to improve learning effectiveness for 3D modeling. The results provide guidance for the development of teaching materials and models appropriate to learners’ spatial abilities.     

3D Printed Actuators: Reversibility,Relaxation, and Ratcheting

Additive manufacturing strives to combine any combination of materials into 3D functional structures and devices, ultimately opening up the possibility of 3D printed machines. It remains difficult to actuate such devices, thus limiting the scope of 3D printed machines to passive devices or necessitating the incorporation of external actuators that are manufactured differently. Here, 3D printed hybrid thermoplast/conducter bilayers are explored, which can be actuated by differential heating caused by externally controllable currents flowing through their conducting faces. The functionality of such actuators is uncovered and it is shown that they allow to 3D print, in one pass, simple flexible robotic structures that propel forward under step‐wise applied voltages. Moreover, exploiting the thermoplasticity of the nonconducting plastic parts at elevated temperatures, it is shown that how strong driving leads to irreversible deformations—a form of 4D printing—which also enlarges the range of linear response of the actuators. Finally, it is shown that how to leverage such thermoplastic relaxations to accumulate plastic deformations and obtain very large deformations by alternatively driving both layers of a bilayer; this is called ratcheting. The strategy is scalable and widely applicable, and opens up a new approach to reversible actuation and irreversible 4D printing of arbitrary structures and machines.     

个性化3D打印产品网上交易平台的开发

随着3D打印机技术的迅速发展,3D打印产品的种类越来越多,可以满足人们对一些个性化产品的需求.3D打印产品的小比量、个性化,非常适合电子商务的消费模式.为此,设计开发了个性化的3D打印产品网上交易平台,从而实现3D打印产品的网上交易,经过测试系统运行正常.     

基于超光栅的3D打印全介质太赫兹超透镜

超透镜是基于超表面和超光栅的器件,可实现对入射光振幅、相位、偏振等的灵活调控,具有轻薄、易集成的特点。但超透镜的制作周期时间长、成本高,寻找一种易加工、低成本、高效的方法制造超透镜是非常有必要的。本文设计了一种高效波前控制电磁波的太赫兹(Terahertz, THz)全介质超光栅,当电磁波垂直入射时,超光栅将电磁波束弯曲至T_-1衍射级。通过仿真模拟可知,当P偏振光入射时,可将83.44%的透射能量集中在T_-1衍射级,S偏振光入射时可达到82.73%。基于设计的超光栅,当0.14 THz电磁波入射时,设计了数值孔径为0.39的超透镜,利用3D打印技术加工工艺制备,并搭建扫描测量系统验证该设计。测量结果表明,超透镜焦距为114.5 mm,与仿真设计相一致,同时测得了光斑的大小,最后搭建的THz透射成像系统表征了超透镜的成像能力。这项工作在光学传感、通信和超分辨率成像中具有潜在的应用价值。     

基于ardunio的3D打印控制系统设计

3D打印技术给社会生产生活带来很多便利,但目前市面上销售的3D打印设备造价昂贵,精度难以控制.基于此,设计开发出一款基于ardunio的3D打印控制系统,并进行硬件电路和软件设计,实现硬件各模块的高耦合性.所设计的3D打印控制系统能够实现精度达标、价格低廉、设备小型,具有很好的应用前景.     

3D printing as a means of learning and communication: The 3Ducation project revisited

This research project explores to what extent the utilization of open-source 3D printers and 3D design software could serve as means of learning and communication. The principles of non-formal education aligned with the concept of constructionism are used to create an experimental educational scenario focused on geocultural tourism for persons with visual impairments. This paper documents our experience and presents our findings from a 25-day long project, which took place in Zagori, northwestern Greece. 11 high school students from Portugal designed and manufactured natural and cultural heritage artifacts carrying messages in the Braille language. The objects were then handed to people with visual impairments with a twofold aim. First, to enable the communication among persons with and without visual impairments; and, second, to empower students to participate in training projects through open educational procedures. We conclude that open educational practices can boost students’ active engagement in educational processes. Finally, 3D printing encourages a meaningful communication among people with and without visual impairments via the tangible exploration of geocultural components.     

Helical 3D‐Printed Metal Electrodes as Custom‐Shaped 3D Platform for Electrochemical Devices

3D‐printing represents an emerging technology that can revolutionize the way object and functional devices are fabricated. Here the use of metal 3D printing is demonstrated to fabricate bespoke electrochemical stainless steel electrodes that can be used as platform for different electrochemical applications ranging from electrochemical capacitors, oxygen evolution catalyst, and pH sensor by means of an effective and controlled deposition of IrO₂ films. The electrodes have been characterized by scanning electrode microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy before the electrochemical testing. Excellent pseudocapacitive as well as catalytic properties have been achieved with these 3D printed steel‐IrO₂ electrodes in alkaline solutions. These electrodes also demonstrate Nernstian behavior as pH sensor. This work represents a breakthrough in on‐site prototyping and fabrication of highly tailored electrochemical devices with complex 3D shapes which facilitate specific functions and properties.