基于混合微分进化算法的生化过程动态参数估计(英文)

Determination of the optimal model parameters for biochemical systems is a time consuming iterative process. In this study, a novel hybrid differential evolution (DE) algorithm based on the differential evolution technique and a local search strategy is developed for solving kinetic parameter estimation problems. By combining the merits of DE with Gauss-Newton method, the proposed hybrid approach employs a DE algorithm for identifying promising regions of the solution space followed by use of Gauss-Newton method to determine the optimum in the identified regions. Some well-known benchmark estimation problems are utilized to test the efficiency and the robustness of the proposed algorithm compared to other methods in literature. The comparison indicates that the present hybrid algorithm outperforms other estimation techniques in terms of the global searching ability and the convergence speed. Additionally, the estimation of kinetic model parameters for a feed batch fermentor is carried out to test the applicability of the proposed algorithm. The result suggests that the method can be used to estimate suitable values of model parameters for a complex mathematical model.     

基于差分进化和分布估计的改进混合算法在NLP及MINLP工程优化问题中的应用(英文)

In this paper, an improved hybrid differential evolution-estimation of distribution algorithm (IHDE-EDA) is proposed for nonlinear programming (NLP) and mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) models in engineering optimization fields. In order to improve the global searching ability and convergence speed, IHDE-EDA takes full advantage of differential information and global statistical information extracted respectively from differential evolution algorithm and annealing mechanism-embedded estimation of distribution algorithm. Moreover, the feasibility rules are used to handle constraints, which do not require additional parameters and can guide the population to the feasible region quickly. The effectiveness of hybridization mechanism of IHDE-EDA is first discussed, and then simulation and comparison based on three benchmark problems demonstrate the efficiency, accuracy and robustness of IHDE-EDA. Finally, optimization on an industrial-size scheduling of two-pipeline crude oil blending problem shows the practical applicability of IHDE-EDA.     

一种改进的差分进化算法及其在化工过程优化中的应用

Differential evolution （DE） is an evolutionary optimization method, which has been successfully used in many practical cases. However, DE involves large computation time, especially, when used to optimize the compurationally expensive objective function. To overcome this .difficulty, the concept of immunity based on vaccination is used to help proliferate excellent schemata and to restrain the degenerate phenomenon. To improve the effective- ness of vaccines, a new vaccine autonomous obtaining method, and a method of deciding the probability of vacci- nation are proposed. In addition, a method for modifying the search space dynamically is proposed to enhance the possibility of converging to the true global optimum. Experiments showed that the improved DE performs better than the classical DE significantly.     

基于差分进化算法的控制变量参数化方法及其在化工过程动态优化中的应用(英文)

Two general approaches are adopted in solving dynamic optimization problems in chemical processes, namely, the analytical and numerical methods. The numerical method, which is based on heuristic algorithms, has been widely used. An approach that combines differential evolution (DE) algorithm and control vector parameterization (CVP) is proposed in this paper. In the proposed CVP, control variables are approximated with polynomials based on state variables and time in the entire time interval. Region reduction strategy is used in DE to reduce the width of the search region, which improves the computing efficiency. The results of the case studies demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed methods.     

融合差分进化算法的AEA算法及其在参数估计中的应用

着眼于AEA(Alopex-based evolutionary algorithm)算法本身的不足,构造出一种融合了差分进化算法和AEA的改进型算法--MAEA(modified AEA).MAEA算法将改进后的差分进化算法嵌入到AEA中,改进AEA算法中种群的生成方式,提高算法的寻优能力.改进的算法不仅拥有启发搜索和确定性搜索的优点,同时还增加了种群的多样性,使算法能够更好地进行全局和局部搜索.通过21个标准函数的测试结果表明,该算法较标准AEA算法、差分进化算法的性能有较大提升.进一步和当前具有代表性的先进算法(ISDEMS)的比较结果表明,MAEA算法有较高的精确度和稳定性.将算法用于发酵动力学模型参数的估计,通过优化得到了较好的结果,验证了本文提出的算法的可行性和有效性.     

基于改进差分进化算法的化工参数估计

为提高化工参数估计的精度，本文提出一种改进的差分进化(improved differential evolution,IDE)算法，并将其应用于甲醇转化烃类物质的参数估计问题。IDE算法设计了一种混合差分变异策略，主要利用种群中的当前个体、较优个体和指导个体实现算法寻优，并对参数进行了调整。该算法在提高种群多样性的同时能够加快收敛速度，在一定程度上降低搜索陷入局部最优的可能性。为验证算法在甲醇转化烃类物质的参数估计问题上的有效性，将IDE算法与部分已有算法进行比较。实验结果表明，本文算法提高了甲醇转化为烃类物质的化工参数估计精度，具有较强的竞争性。     

模糊自适应遗传算法及其在化工中的应用

Considering that the performance of a genetic algorithm (GA) is affected by many factors and their rela-tionships are complex and hard to be described,a novel fuzzy-based adaptive genetic algorithm (FAGA) combined a new artificial immune system with fuzzy system theory is proposed due to the fact fuzzy theory can describe high complex problems.In FAGA,immune theory is used to improve the performance of selection operation.And,crossover probability and mutation probability are adjusted dynamically by fuzzy inferences,which are developed according to the heuristic fuzzy relationship between algorithm performances and control parameters.The experi-ments show that FAGA can efficiently overcome shortcomings of GA,i.e.,premature and slow,and obtain better results than two typical fuzzy GAs.Finally,FAGA was used for the parameters estimation of reaction kinetics model and the satisfactory result was obtained.     

一类交互式偏好进化方法及其在化工过程控制器整定中的应用(英文)

In response to many multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems involved in chemical processes such as controller tuning, which suffer human's subjective preferential nature in human–computer interactions, a novel affective computing and preferential evolutionary solution is proposed to adapt human–computer interaction mechanism. Based on the stimulating response mechanism, an improved affective computing model is intro-duced to quantify decision maker's preference in selections of interactive evolutionary computing. In addition, the mathematical relationship between affective space and decision maker's preferences is constructed. Subse-quently, a human–computer interactive preferential evolutionary algorithm for MADM problems is proposed, which deals with attribute weights and optimal solutions based on preferential evolution metrics. To exemplify applications of the proposed methods, some test functions and, emphatical y, control er tuning issues associated with a chemical process are investigated, giving satisfactory results.     

基于混合差分进化算法的软测量时延参数估计

时延参数估计是系统控制与信号处理的关键问题。通过构造一个适当的适应度函数,将软测量系统的时延参数估计问题转化为一个多维非线性优化问题,然后利用混合差分进化算法的全局搜索能力求解该优化问题。对两个典型问题进行了仿真实验,仿真结果表明了混合算法的有效性和鲁棒性。以石油炼制工业中典型装置常压塔为例,对其一线航空煤油的闪点软测量进行了应用验证,结果表明,时延参数估计的引入大大提高了软测量模型的精度,证实了混合差分进化算法的有效性。     

改进的自适应免疫算法及其在对二甲苯氧化燃烧副反应优化中的应用(英文)

In recent years, immune genetic algorithm (IGA) is gaining popularity for finding the optimal solution for non-linear optimization problems in many engineering applications. However, IGA with deterministic mutation factor suffers from the problem of premature convergence. In this study, a modified self-adaptive immune genetic algorithm (MSIGA) with two memory bases, in which immune concepts are applied to determine the mutation parameters, is proposed to improve the searching ability of the algorithm and maintain population diversity. Performance comparisons with other well-known population-based iterative algorithms show that the proposed method converges quickly to the global optimum and overcomes premature problem. This algorithm is applied to optimize a feed forward neural network to measure the content of products in the combustion side reaction of p-xylene oxidation, and satisfactory results are obtained.     

一种自适应多策略差分进化算法及其应用

针对差分进化算法由于固定参数设置而易早熟或陷入局部最优的问题,提出了一种自适应多策略差分进化算法（SMDE）。该方法以基本差分进化为框架,首先引入一个变异策略候选集合,一个缩放因子候选集合和一个交叉参数候选集合,然后在搜索过程中,以过去的搜索信息为基础,自适应地为下一时刻进化群体中的每个个体从候选集合中选择一组合适的变异策略和控制参数,以便在不同的进化时刻设置合适的变异策略和控制参数。对10个常用的标准测试函数进行优化计算,并与其他算法的结果进行了比较,实验结果表明,SMDE具有较好的搜索精度和更快的收敛速度。将SMDE用于化工过程动态系统不确定参数估计问题,实验结果表明该算法能较好地处理实际工程优化问题。     

Multi-objective optimization of p-xylene oxidation process using an improved self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm

The rise in the use of global polyester fiber contributed to strong demand of the Terephthalic acid (TPA). The liquid-phase catalytic oxidation of p-xylene (PX) to TPA is regarded as a critical and efficient chemical process in industry [1]. PX oxidation reaction involves many complex side reactions, among which acetic acid combustion and PX combustion are the most important. As the target product of this oxidation process, the quality and yield of TPA are of great concern. However, the improvement of the qualified product yield can bring about the high energy consumption, which means that the economic objectives of this process cannot be achieved simulta-neously because the two objectives are in conflict with each other. In this paper, an improved self-adaptive multi-objective differential evolution algorithm was proposed to handle the multi-objective optimization prob-lems. The immune concept is introduced to the self-adaptive multi-objective differential evolution algorithm (SADE) to strengthen the local search ability and optimization accuracy. The proposed algorithm is successfully tested on several benchmark test problems, and the performance measures such as convergence and divergence metrics are calculated. Subsequently, the multi-objective optimization of an industrial PX oxidation process is carried out using the proposed immune self-adaptive multi-objective differential evolution algorithm (ISADE). Optimization results indicate that application of ISADE can greatly improve the yield of TPA with low combustion loss without degenerating TA quality.     

一种改进的差分进化算法及其在补料分批式生化反应器动态优化中的应用

动态优化是生物化工过程中的重要课题,求解动态优化问题通常有两种方法:解析法和数值法。基于智能进化算法的数值方法在动态优化中的应用越来越广泛,但是这些方法局部寻优能力不强,容易陷入局部最优,并且求解速度相对较慢。针对这些方法的不足,提出了一种改进的差分进化算法,设计了新的局部寻优算子来增强算法的局部寻优能力,并且采用一种新的控制策略表示方法来求解动态优化问题。通过求解补料分批式生化反应器的动态优化实例,证明了算法的有效性和鲁棒性。通过与其他几种方法进行对比,实验结果表明,所提出的方法在优化结果和计算代价方面都有优势。     

改进的差分进化算法及在聚丙烯牌号切换优化中的应用

针对差分进化算法早熟问题,提出一种改进差分进化算法,采用动态缩放因子解决优化过程中的变量约束问题,在进化过程中自动地调整控制参数取值以保证变量约束条件;引入聚集度作为参数评估种群分布的密集程度,增加一种新的变异算子在进化过程中根据聚集度情况对部分个体进行后续变异操作,适时调整种群分布,提高种群多样性,增强全局搜索能力。建立了聚丙烯牌号切换优化模型并将改进的差分进化算法应用于牌号切换优化模型的求解,仿真实验结果表明改进的差分进化算法在全局搜索能力和搜索效率两个方面有较大提高。     

An algorithm for the estimation of parameters in models with stochastic differential equations

An algorithm for the estimation of parameters of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) is presented. It is based on a nonlinear weighted least-squares formulation, in which the objective function is evaluated based on mean values of the measured variables predicted through an Euler discretisation of the SDEs and their integration by Monte-Carlo simulation. The problem is solved using a Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The presence of simulation noise is handled by choosing a convergence criterion based on the noise level and by ensuring that the optimality criterion is met for a large simulation size and hence a low noise level. In order to increase the reliability of the algorithm and to decrease its computational cost, stochastic sensitivity equations are derived. Furthermore, the number of trajectories used in the Monte-Carlo simulations is changed adaptively throughout the execution of the algorithm. This leads to a significant decrease in computational requirements. These concepts are illustrated on a simple example and a more complex model of polymer rheology. In all cases, parameter estimates close to the true parameter values are identified.     

文化差分进化算法及其在化工过程建模中的应用

提出了一种新的文化差分进化算法,该算法将差分进化算法作为文化算法的种群空间,在文化算法的信念空间和影响函数设计中提出了基于多种知识源的设计方法,通过多种知识指导差分进化的变异操作和交叉操作,使知识的表达和指导种群进化的能力得到加强。函数测试结果表明,基于知识机制的引入使得文化差分进化算法在寻优性能上比差分进化算法有了较大的提高,而对参数的敏感性却相对较小。将文化差分进化算法用于训练补偿模糊神经网络,建立乙烯精馏塔产品质量软测量模型。通过训练与泛化能力的比较结果表明,基于文化差分进化算法的补偿模糊神经网络软测量模型在建模精度和泛化性能上均优于常规补偿模糊神经网络、模糊神经网络以及采用遗传算法优化的模型,具有更好的应用前景。     

一种改进的知识进化算法及其在化工动态优化中的应用

智能优化算法在动态优化问题的求解中,一方面可以一定的概率收敛到全局最优,避免局部极值而得到了广泛应用;但另一方面,基于随机机制的仿生智能算法也面临收敛速度慢、寻优效率较低的瓶颈,限制了其工业实时应用的场合。为此,从提高智能优化算法在动态优化问题的求解效率出发,提出了一种改进的基于知识引导的进化算法结构,主要包括候选控制策略-时域与控制域的离散策略、知识库空间的进化、知识引导的种群进化。该算法分别在批式反应器等4个典型化工动态优化问题上进行了仿真验证,计算结果表明,该方法能够以较小的种群规模通过知识的引导,以较少的计算代价找到较好的全局解,有效提高了算法的收敛效率。