基于双等强度悬臂梁的光纤光栅加速度振动传感器

研制了一种基于双等强度悬臂梁式光纤布 拉格光栅(FBG)振动传感器。首先采用ANSYS软件对 传感器进行数值计算与仿真,得到在各个阻尼比下传感器的幅频特性曲线和相频特性曲 线,不断变化 传感器结构参数,寻找最优谐振频率与加速度灵敏度,从而得到传感器最优结构参数;根据 仿真所得的最 优结构参数,进行传感器加工;利用所加工的振动传感器进行振动台试验研究并对所得实验 数据进行处理, 将处理后的数据与ANSYS软件仿真得到的数据进行比较,结果表明,振动平台所测得的 实验结果与ANSYS 软件仿真结果相吻合,传感器的谐振频率为80.74Hz,可实现50Hz以下低 频振动信号的实时监测,在5～50Hz之间的加速度灵敏度约为20.85pm/m·s－2。     

双向可控硅静电防护器件中p型井对静电性能影响的研究

基于0.18μm Bipolar CMOS-DMOS(BCD)工艺,研究讨论了双向可控硅静电防护器件中p型井（PW）位置对器件维持电压以及鲁棒性的静电性能影响,可用于高压静电放电（ESD）保护。利用二维器件仿真平台和传输线脉冲测试系统（TLP）,预测和验证了PW的尺寸在高压工艺下对双向对称可控硅性能的影响。测量结果表明,在不增加器件面积的情况下,通过高压对称DDSCR器件PW层次的左侧边界位置缩进,所得的DDSCR＿PW器件的正向维持电压（Vh）虽然从30.15 V降低到15.63 V,反向维持电压从26.15 V降低到16.85 V,但与高压对称DDSCR器件相比,高压对称DDSCR＿PW器件具有提升失效电流的优点,其正向失效电流从6.68 A增加到18.22 A,反向失效电流从7.07 A增加到9.92A,论文阐述了产生此现象的原因。     

微机电光学电流传感器的设计

提出了一种检测50Hz交流电的微机电光学电流传感器。通过电磁学、微机电与光学方法说明了传感器的敏感原理与光学转换原理,结合工艺条件给出了器件的设计要求,并利用matlab软件模拟分析了传感器的仿真测试结果。计算表明,器件可以测试1~7.2kA的交流电,大电流下的灵敏度可达到0.01dB/A以上。     

SOI微型电场传感器的设计与测试

该文研制了一种新型的基于SOI (Silicon-On-Insulator)微机械加工技术的高性能电场传感器敏感结构。为提高传感器的灵敏度和信噪比,该器件采用侧面屏蔽感应电极的独特设计方案,降低了传感器屏蔽电极的边缘效应;并基于有限元仿真,进一步优化了传感器敏感结构参数。在室温和室内大气压条件下,测试表明,测试量程0～50 kV/m,传感器总不确定度优于2%,分辨率为50 V/m。     

3300V碳化硅肖特基二极管及混合功率模块研制

基于数值仿真结果,采用结势垒肖特基(JBS)结构和多重场限环终端结构实现了3 300 V/50 A 4H-SiC肖特基二极管(SBD),所用4H-SiC外延材料厚度为35 μm、n型掺杂浓度为2× 1015cm-3.二极管芯片面积为49 mm2,正向电压2.2V下电流达到50 A,比导通电阻13.7 mΩ· cm2;反偏条件下器件的雪崩击穿电压为4 600 V.基于这种3 300 V/50 A 4H-SiC肖特基二极管,研制出3 300 V/600 A混合功率模块,该模块包含24只3 300 V/50 A Si IGBT与12只3 300 V/50 A 4H-SiC肖特基二极管,SiC肖特基二极管为模块的续流二极管.模块的动态测试结果为:反向恢复峰值电流为33.75 A,反向恢复电荷为0.807 μC,反向恢复时间为41 ns.与传统的Si基IGBT模块相比,该混合功率模块显著降低了器件开关过程中的能量损耗.     

基于FeGa薄膜的声表面波电流传感器设计

采用磁致伸缩薄膜FeGa作为敏感材料,优化设计了一种新型高灵敏声表面波(SAW)电流传感器。以中心频率150 MHz的延迟线型SAW器件作为传感元,利用射频(RF)磁控溅射法在其表面SAW传播路径上沉积FeGa磁性薄膜,由此构建SAW电流传感器件。将研制的传感器件接入由放大器及混频器组成的振荡电路中,通过与未镀膜参考器件进行差分,其输出信号用作传感信号。在电磁场作用下,FeGa薄膜产生的磁致伸缩效应引起SAW传播速度的改变,最终以相应的差分振荡频率偏移来评估施加的电流值。为进一步提升传感器性能,通过控制不同的溅射功率及退火热处理等制备工艺来确定优化的制备条件。实验结果表明,当FeGa薄膜厚度为500 nm,溅射功率为100 W,退火热处理温度为300℃时,所研制的电流传感器线性度及重复性良好,灵敏度较高(24.67 kHz/A)。     

具有夹层的垂直U型栅极TFET的设计

通过使用工艺计算机辅助设计(TCAD)仿真技术提出了一种新型的带有夹层的垂直U型栅极隧穿场效应晶体管(TFET)结构.该器件是通过优化基于Ge的栅极金属核垂直纳米线TFET结构获得的.通过在沟道中增加重掺杂夹层,器件的平均亚阈值摆幅(SSavg)得到了改善;又通过改变器件的源极和漏极材料,器件的开关电流比(Ion/Ioff)得到了改善.对夹层的掺杂浓度和厚度以及沟道的高度也进行了优化.最终优化后的器件开态电流为220 μA/μm,关态电流为3.08×10-10μA/pm,SSavg为8.6 mV/dec,表现出了优越的性能.与初始器件相比,该器件的SSavg减小了 77％,Ion/Ioff增加了两个数量级以上.此外,提出了针对该器件的可行的制备工艺步骤.因此,认为该器件是在超低功耗应用中非常具有潜力的候选器件.     

具有复合空穴传输层的高效低压有机电致发光器件

报道了用m-MTDATA掺杂NPB作复合空穴传输层(c-HTL)的高效率、低电压有机电致发光器件(OLED),器件的最高发光效率达到了5.3cd/A,比NPB作HTL的器件(3.4cd/A)提高了约50%.这是由于c-HTL具有较低的空穴迁移率,改善了发光层中两种载流子的平衡,从而提高了器件性能.进一步在ITO与c-H...     

高功率1 550 nm多结VCSEL的设计与仿真

在激光雷达应用场景下,高功率垂直腔面发射激光器(vertical cavity surface emitting laser,VCSEL)越来越受到关注。而在长波波段,1 550 nm器件一直存在输出功率不够理想,功率转化效率低等问题。目前,多结VCSEL是获得高功率、高功率转换效率 (power con- version efficiency,PCE) 、高光功率密度、高斜率效率 (slope efficiency,SE) 的关键技术。本文将1 550 nm VCSEL与多结技术结合,旨在设计出高功率的1 550 nm器件,最终成功设计并仿真了不同直径 (15 μm、20 μm、30 μm、50 μm、100 μm) 多结 (1—4结) 1 550 nm的VCSEL器件。通过对比不同参数器 件的输出功率,发现器件的输出功率随结数和直径的增加而增大,最大功率能达到2 217 mW(4结100 μm VCSEL)。并且仿真结果表明30 μm VCSEL的输出特性相对较好:单结结构的SE优于50 μm和 100 μm器件,为0.39 W/A;在多结结构中,30 μm优于15 μm和20 μm的器件,分别为0.89 W/A (2结)、1.55 W/A (3结)、1.79 W/A (4结)。最后研究分析了30 μm VCSEL PCE和远场分布,发现SE随结数增加而显著增加,最高为3结的40.4%,驱动电流只有1 A,这是单结PCE的6.2倍;3结的输出功率也高达 1 549 mW,而光束发散角单多结器件之间几乎没有差别,约为5°。以上结果为 1 550 nm VCSEL作为激光雷达系统和3D传感的光源应用提供了很好的器件研究基础。     

6.5 kV SiC光控晶闸管的研制

基于Sentaurus TCAD软件,研制了一款6.5 kV SiC光控晶闸管.通过优化雪崩击穿模型,对多层外延材料的规格及渐变终端技术进行研究,有效抑制了芯片表面峰值电场,实现了6.5 kV的耐压设计;此外结合实际应用需求,对器件的开通特性进行了仿真模拟.在4英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)SiC工艺平台制备了6.5 kV SiC光控晶闸管,并对器件性能进行了测试.测试结果显示,芯片击穿电压超过6.5 kV,在4 kV电源电压以及365 nm波长紫外光触发的条件下,器件导通延迟约为200 ns,脉冲峰值电流约为2.1 kA,最大导通电流变化率(di/dt)达到6.3 kA/μs,测试结果与仿真模拟结果基本一致.     

聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑发光及其器件制备

采用光谱技术,研究了聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑(PBO)溶液的光敏发光特性,并用相对法估算出溶液发光效率在50%范围.结合光谱技术、半导体电学和电化学等研究手段,具体研究了以PBO为发光层的单层电致发光器件,研究结果显示,电致发光与薄膜的光致发光有具有相同的发光中心,峰值位于510 nm左右.同时发现,由于存制备过程中不同处理条件使得不同厚度薄膜残留的掺杂物质浓度不同,从而引起薄膜的导电性的不同.使得器件的阈值场强随PBO厚度的减小而逐渐增加.     

系统级封装新型埋入式电源滤波结构的研究

在高密度小尺寸的系统级封装(SiP)中,对供电系统的完整性要求越来越高,多芯片共用一个电源网路所产生的电压抖动除了会影响到芯片的正常工作,还会通过供电网路干扰到临近电路和其他敏感电路,导致芯片误动作,以及信号完整性和其他电磁干扰问题.这种电压抖动所占频带相当宽,几百MHz到几个GHz的中频电源噪声普通方法很难去除.结合埋入式电容和电源分割方法的特点,提出一种新型高性能埋入式电源低通滤波结构直接替代电源/地平面.研究表明,在0.65～4GHz的频带内隔离深度可达-40～75 dB,电源阻抗均在0.25ohm以下,实现了宽频高隔离度的高性能滤波作用.分别用电磁场和广义传输线两种仿真器模拟,高频等效电路模型分析这种低通滤波器的工作原理以及结构对隔离性能的影响,并进行了实验验证.     

Emerging interconnects: a state-of-the-art review and emerging solutions

Aluminium was a primary material for interconnection in integrated circuits (ICs) since their inception. Later, copper was introduced as interconnect material which has better metallic conductivity and resistance to electromigration. As the aggressive technology scaling continues, the copper resistivity increased because of size effects, which causes increase in delay, power dissipation and electromigration. The need to reduce the resistor-capacitor??????? delay, dynamic power utilisation and the crosstalk commotion is as of now the fundamental main impetus behind the presentation of new materials. The purpose of this paper is to do a survey of interconnect material used in IC from introduction of ICs to till date. This paper studies and reviews new materials available for interconnect application which are optical interconnects, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and silicon nanowires which are alternatives to copper. While doing a survey of interconnect material, it is found that multiwalled CNTs, multilayer GNR and mixed CNT bundles are promising candidates and are ultimate choice that can strongly address the problems faced by copper but on integration basis copper would last for coming years.     

Arsenic deposition as a precursor layer on silicon (211) and (311) surfaces

We investigate the properties of arsenic (As) covered Si(211) and Si(311) surfaces by analyzing data from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) images. We then create a model using total surface energy calculations. It was found that both Si(211) and Si(311) had 0.68±0.08 surface As coverage. Si(211) had 0.28±0.04 Te coverage and Si(311) had 0.24±0.04 Te coverage. The Si(211) surface replaces the terrace and trench Si atoms with As for a lower surface energy, while the Si edge atoms form dimers. The Si(311) surface replaces all terrace atoms and adsorbs an As dimer every other edge site. These configurations imply an improvement in the mean migration path from the bare silicon surface by allowing the impinging atoms for the next epitaxial layer, tellurium (Te), to bind at every other pair of edge atoms, and not the step terrace sites. This would ensure a nonpolar, B-face growth.     

光子晶体微腔发光二极管

光子晶体微腔因其具有增强自发辐射、定向输出和单模工作的能力而受到广泛关注。介绍了光子晶体微腔发光二极管的基本原理、设计、特性、制作及其典型器件。     

Comparative study of maximum power point tracking techniques for hybrid renewable energy system

The power generation demand is increasing day-by-day throughout the world, therefore, the use of hybrid systems becomes a significant solution. The hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is used for delivering power in various regions in order to overcome intermittence of wind and solar resources. Because of increasing environmental problems, for example, greenhouse gas emission and energy cost have interested novel research into substitute methods in favour of electrical power generation. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control method is a vast deal of novel research used for enhancing the efficiency of HRES. The authors have revealed that the hybrid techniques i.e. Global MPPT, fuzzy-neuro systems, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Perturbed and Observe (P&O) + Adaptive Neural Network (ANN) etc. can provide best results as compared to other MPPT control methods. This paper offering a state of art review of MPPT control techniques for HRES.     

用于单光子TOF测量的时间-幅度变换器

基于新型共源共栅电流源的积分方法,设计了一种用于单光子飞行时间(TOF)测量的时间-幅度变换器(TAC).该方法有效简化了 TAC电路结构,减小了 TAC占用面积,显著提高了TOF的满量程范围(FSR).采用0.18 μm标准CMOS工艺设计.集成TAC的单光子探测器像素单元的填充因子可达到26.8％.后仿真结果表明,...     

超宽带脉冲信号的光学生成方法研究

近年来超宽带(UWB)通信技术迅猛发展,在测量、雷达技术、民用和军事无线通信中有着重要的应用,UWB-over-fiber技术已经成为目前研究的热点,其中就包括UWB脉冲信号的产生方法。区别于传统的电子学方法,光子学产生方法不受电子瓶颈制约,可以实现很高的带宽,并且具有抗电磁干扰、重量轻、结构紧凑的优点。通过对比国内外本领域研究成果,讨论及总结了以下三种原理的UWB脉冲信号的光学生成方法:1)相位调制-强度调制转换(PM-IM);2)半导体光放大器(SOA)的非线性效应;3)频谱塑形和色散所致频域-时域映射,然后对各种方案进行了对比分析。     

Joint estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB system using a successive propagator method

Impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) ranging and positioning require accurate estimation of time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA). With receiver of two antennas, both of the TOA and DOA parameters can be estimated via two-dimensional (2D) propagator method (PM), in which the 2D spectral peak searching, however, renders much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive PM algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak searching. The proposed algorithm firstly gets the initial TOA estimates in the two antennas from the propagation matrix, then utilises successively one-dimensional (1D) local searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas, and finally obtains the DOA estimates via the difference in the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm, which only requires 1D local searches, can avoid the high computational cost in 2D-PM algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can obtain automatically paired parameters and has better joint TOA and DOA estimation performance than conventional PM algorithm, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm and matrix pencil algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close parameter estimation to that of 2D-PM algorithm. We have also derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in this paper. The simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

多孔硅发光机制的分析

从量子力学的基本理论出发讨论了量子限制效应，推导出多孔硅有效禁带宽度增量并用量子限制效应和表面态及其物质在发光中作用的理论解释了ＰＳ光致发光的实验现象。