Analysis of chamber effect on intermittent pulsation

A numerical study was conducted to seek an optimized dimension of jet chamber in the pulsating impinging flow.The flow and heat transfer effect of the pulsation flow through a jet chamber was investigated.The numerical results indicate that heat transfer effective enhances near the stagnation region for the intermittent pulsed flow with jet chamber compared to that without jet chamber.Simulations of the flow through a jet chamber show that the heat transfer rate on the impingement surface is highly dependent on the velocity at the position which is really close to target surface.Examination of the velocity field suggests that the velocity exists a maximum value as the axis distance increases.In addition,the velocity at the jet hole is enlarged by the jet chamber due to the entrainment effect,and the velocity is amplified even greater as the size of the jet chamber becomes bigger.Nevertheless,the velocity declines quickly while the flow axis distance is more than a certain range,leading to poor heat transfer.Thus,intermittent pulsed flow with jet chamber is suggested as a method of improving heat transfer by employing larger dimensions of jet chamber for appropriate jet-to-surface spacing.     

圆形液体浸没射流冲击驻点传热的数值模拟

对圆形液体浸没层流射流的流场结构和冲击驻点的单相传热进行了数值模拟．考虑的因素为喷嘴直径、喷嘴至冲击板距离、射流速度和加热面尺寸等．计算结果表明：冲击板上涡的位置随Ｒｅ的增加而远离对称轴．对于充分发展的管形喷嘴而言,驻点换热随射流出口Ｒｅ的增加和喷嘴直径的减小而增强;在５＜Ｚ／ｄ＜９内出现峰值,与加热面尺寸无关．     

Effect of gas compressibility on the characteristics of a synthetic jet flow

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effects of gas compressibility on the synthetic jet flow. A slot synthetic jet and a circular orifice synthetic jet are simulated assuming 2D and axis-symmetric behavior. The velocity of orifice, frequency response and the compressibility are studied through simulation. The numerical results are validated against existing experimental and analytical data, and good agreement are obtained. Gas compressibility effects on the synthetic jet flow are discussed. In conclusion, for the two kinds of different synthetic jets studied in this paper, the critical values of Mach number are 0.082 and 0.033.     

微射流作动器参数分析

使用集总参数法,建立了描述微射流作动器工作过程的数学模型。计算结果显示,对于给定的驱动模式,作动器各工作参数基本上随驱动频率同步发展。另外存在着最佳伯驱动电压频率和开口大小,使得作动器的能量转换效率最高。     

气膜冷却流场传热特性的数值分析

应用Realizablek-8紊流模型对吹风比为0．5、1．0、1．5和2．0的三维气膜冷却流场进行了数值模拟,分析了回流区和反向涡旋对（CVP）对射流下游壁面换热的影响。计算结果表明,壁面换热峰值点位于分离点附近,在分离点后,努塞尔数沿流动方向逐渐降低;努塞尔数并不随吹风比的变化而单调变化,而是在吹风比为1．0时存在最佳值。     

错排射流冲击受限短通道内流场的实验研究

用五孔针对简化后的涡轮叶片错排射流冲击受限短通道流场进行了详细的测量,着重研究受限通道内各截面的流动规律,以及射流孔错排布置、出流孔、通道高度比和射流雷诺数对通道流动特性的影响。实验结果表明:通道高度比的变化会显著改变通道内的流场结构;在同一高度比下,射流雷诺数变化对流场结构的影响很小;出流孔的抽吸作用使附近气流加速并在通道内出流孔位置形成一局部低速区;受错排射流诱导及冲击靶面后壁面射流反卷通道内形成漩涡,使高速气流向通道侧壁甚至孔板面集中,该结果有助于深入了解错排射流受限通道内冲击冷却的内在机理。     

二元两相射流冲击传热研究

研究了用氮气和水同时喷射时的传热规律,在热负荷小于10~5(W/m~2)时,出现了所谓“负温差传热”的特殊现象,在高负荷下,有很高的传热系数,存q=2.8×10~8(W/m~2)时,壁温只有58℃,本实验研究了喷射间距和氮气、水流速对换热的影响,发现在一定条件下都有一个最佳值,同时还测定了横向局部换热系数。     

电子机箱强迫风冷时PCB板局部表面传热系数的研究

摘要：电子机箱采用轴流式风机进行强迫通风散热是电力电子元件比较常用的散热方式,通过对轴流式风机出口截面空气流速的分析,可以推论出空气以类似螺纹状形态在机箱内流动,从而猜测电路板位置不同时局部表面传热系数（ ）变化规律也是不同的。采用实验分析与仿真模型相结合的办法对 的变化规律进行了研究。实验结果与仿真结果基本吻合,结果表明,当只改变电路板竖直方向的位置时局部表面传热系数 分布规律也会发生改变。当电路板平行散热风扇中心轴水平放置,且电路板的长边与散热风扇中心轴平行时, 沿电路板的长度方向的变化是先减小后增大的,电路板竖直方向位置的改变主要影响 沿电路板宽度方向的变化规律,且随着距离轮毂中心距离的增大,电路板上元器件温度较高的位置沿电路板的宽度方向由电路板的中间位置不断向边缘移动。此研究能够为散热风扇安装位置以及电路板的热设计提供重要的依据,对电子设备的热设计具有重要的意义。     

Experimental investigations on separation control and flow structure around a circular cylinder with synthetic jet

Circular cylinder separation control and flow structure influenced by the synthetic jet have been experimentally investigated in a water channel. The synthetic jet issues from a slot and ejects toward upstream from the front stagnation point of the cylinder. It has been found that, similar to the traditional synthetic jet which is positioned near the separation point or inside the separation region, the present synthetic jet arrangement constitutes an efficient way to control flow separation of the circular cylinder, but with a different control mechanism. The present synthetic jet leads to an upstream displacement of the front stagnation point and the formation of a vortex pair near both sides of the exit orifice. When Re _u based on the synthetic jet average exit orifice velocity is about lower than 43, a closed envelope forms in front of the windward side of the cylinder during the blowing cycle of synthetic jet, which acts as an apparent modification for the cylinder configuration. When Re _u is high enough, an open envelope forms upstream of the cylinder, and the flow around the cylinder becomes much energetic. Thus, regardless of Re _u, the present synthetic jet can improve separation for flow around a circular cylinder. With regard to the leeward side, as Re _u increases, the flow separation region behind the cylinder gradually disappears. The flow over cylinder may be fully attached when the open envelope forms upstream of the cylinder and Re _u is greater than 344. Then, the flow past the cylinder will converge near the back stagnation point of the cylinder, where a new vortex pair shedding periodically is generated due to the high shear layer. Recommended by Prof. DONG ZengNan, Member of Editorial Committee of Science in China, Series E: Technological Sciences Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10425207)     

同心环管圆孔射流流动特性的数值模拟

采用标准的k-ε模型及混合有限分析法对均匀横流条件下三维受限同心环管中单孔和双孔的横向紊动射流流动进行数值模拟.分别得到单圆孔不同流速比下的射流轨迹线与数学表达式、双圆孔不同间距下的速度场.结果显示：射流比越大,射流深度越深,射流越不容易发生弯曲;射流横断面上速度最大值的偏离程度随横流距离的增加而增大,但增大率越来越小;双孔射流孔间距影响射流轨迹线,由于前一个射流的遮挡作用,后面射流更不容易发生弯曲.     

拼装式板式换热器在辐射供冷暖中的应用

探讨拼装式板式换热器在辐射供冷暖工程中的应用及换热工况匹配等问题,根据不同的工况选择不同的板片结构进行工况匹配.结果表明,用于辐射供冷暖工程时,应同时考虑板片的换热性能和流动性能.虽然辐射供冷暖系统均属于大流量、小温差的换热工况,但辐射供冷系统的换热温差及单位面积质量流量小于辐射供暖系统.长宽比大、波纹高度小、间距小及角度大的板型较为适用;而辐射供暖系统更适合采用长宽比小、波纹高度大、间距大及角度小的板型.     

突片射流传热和混合特性的研究进展

介绍了突片对传热和混合特性的影响,综合论述国内外突片射流传热和混合特性实验研究以及数值模拟的发展与现状.分析了突片激励作用下流向涡的产生和发展现状、突片对下游流场核心区的影响和喷嘴出口速度变化的特点,揭示了突片对传热和混合效果增强的机理.     

Experimental investigation on heat transfer characteristics of microcapsule phase change material suspension in array jet impingement

A closed-loop experimental system is established to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of microcapsule phase change material (MEPCM) suspension in an array jet impingement. Eicosane with a melting peak at 40.8°C is used as the capsule core of the MEPCM particle. Five kinds of array-hole nozzles with the same hole cross-sectional area are employed to analyze the influence of critical parameters, including the nozzle hole number, hole spacing, impinging distance, and jet temperature. It shows that a 5% suspension may improve the heat transfer coefficient of the array jet by up to 23.5% compared with water. The heat transfer of an array jet is obviously stronger than that of a single jet, but too much hole number is not conducive because of the entrainment interference between adjacent jets. A larger hole spacing or smaller impinging distance may weaken the cross-flow accumulation on the impinged surface, thus enhancing the heat transfer capability. The heat transfer coefficient of the array jet presents a secondary peak value at the end of the jet-core region. The latent heat absorption of the capsule core results in superior heat transfer of the suspension compared to that of water only in a specific range of jet temperatures, the optimum of which is approximately 10°C lower relative to the peak melting temperature. In addition, the melt completion time of a single MEPCM particle and the critical flow rate of the suspension are predicted theoretically.

     

基于ANSYS CFX的反应炉燃烧传热数值模拟研究

运用Pro/e 5.0建立反应炉的参数化模型,利用CFD/CAE前处理器ICEM CFD对几何模型进行网格划分,最后在ANSYS CFX12.0中进行燃烧化学反应模拟.采用k-Epsilon模型来模拟湍流流动、涡耗散模型(EDM)模拟燃烧反应过程、离散传输模型模拟辐射传热等,计算得到:完全燃烧火焰形状为沿中心轴线方向传播且轮廓明显、炉内流动在两侧呈现较强的回流、中心形成射流;缺氧燃烧时,无明显火焰,但炉内温度场趋于均匀、流场与前者近似.这对炉内流动与反应过程的研究具有一定参考价值.     

用于供冷的闭式冷却塔换热模型与性能分析

目的分析闭式冷却塔内各参数。即空气焓值、含湿量、冷却水温等的分布情况；探讨空气入口参数、空气质量流量、喷淋水量对闭式冷却塔冷却性能的影响规律．方法通过对闭式冷却塔内部换热机理的分析，建立描述冷却塔内传热传质性能的数学模型，并得到模型的解析解．结果闭式冷却塔结构参数不变时，随着入口空气湿球温度的升高，冷却水出口温度升高；随着空气质量流量和喷淋水量的增加，冷却水出口温度降低，但是变化斜率逐渐减小，即存在着一最佳喷淋水量和空气质量．结论利用闭式冷却塔数学模型的解析解，可以实现分析空气和喷淋水参数对闭式冷却塔供冷性能的影响及各参数沿闭式冷却塔高度的分布情况，为闭式冷却塔的结构设计及性能优化提供帮助．     

超临界CO2在螺旋管式冷却器内的传热特性研究

螺旋管结构紧凑、换热效率高,在CO₂气体冷却器中应用广泛. 超临界CO₂热物性变化剧烈,其在螺旋管内的传热特性异常复杂. 通过对不同冷却热流密度和质量流速工况下的数值模拟发现,螺旋管内超临界CO₂传热系数沿流动方向呈近似抛物线分布; 冷却热流密度越大,传热系数峰值越高,出现峰值的流动转角越小; 质量流速越大,传热系数峰值越高,出现峰值的流动转角越大; 不同热流密度与质量流速的比值决定整个流动方向传热系数的涨落,基于此提出了一个适用于均匀冷却螺旋管内超临界CO₂传热计算的关联式,可为螺旋管式气体冷却器的优化与设计提供参考.     

Experimental investigation on heat transfer enhancement of mist/air impingement jet

The heat transfer performance of a mist/air jet impingement on a constant-heat flux surface was experimentally investigated.Two objectives were outlined in the current study.The first objective is to assess the effects of mist/air volumetric flow rate ratio,impinging mode and heat flux on the heat transfer characteristics of free mist/air jet impingement.The second objective is to assess the effect of swirl flow induced by the spinning grinding wheel on the mist/air jet impingement,simulating the heat transfer process on a grinding work-piece surface subjected to the mist/air jet impingement.The results show that the addition of dilute water droplets to air flow results in significant heat transfer enhancement.Once the mist/air ratio is increased to a certain value,the increase of heat transfer with the mist/air ratio becomes slow.For a given mist/air ratio,as the increase of heat flux,the contribution of droplet evaporation to the overall heat transfer is weakened relatively,resulting in a decrease of heat transfer enhancement in comparison to the lower heat flux case.The heat transfer coefficient in the stagnation region for the oblique jet is much lower than the normal mist/air jet impingement,while in the region away from the stagnation,the local heat transfer coefficient for the oblique jet is higher than the normal jet.As regards as the mist/air jet impingement in the vicinity of grinding zone is concerned,when the jet impinging direction is consistent with the rotating direction of rotating disk,the swirl flow induced by the rotating disk could entrain more droplets to enter the jet impinging stagnation zone,which is beneficial to convective heat transfer enhancement.Furthermore,as the rotational speed of disk increases,the temperature deceases in impinging jet stagnation zone.     

掺气对射流轴线速度衰减影响的试验研究(“研究生论坛”稿件)

通过物理模型试验,采用CQY—Z8a型针式掺气流速仪测量了掺气射流的轴线速度,对不同条件下的掺气射流轴线速度衰减情况进行了对比研究,分析了入射水流速度、掺气浓度以及射流水股厚度对射流轴线速度衰减的影响,获得了掺气射流轴线速度衰减的变化规律。结果表明：在本试验条件下,射流轴线速度呈线性衰减;入射水流速度对射流轴线速度衰减基本没有影响,表现为不同入射水流速度时,各衰减趋势基本一致;掺气浓度越大,射流轴线速度衰减越快;射流水股厚度越小,射流轴线速度衰减越快。因此提高射流水体的掺气浓度,尽可能分散入水水体,可以加快射流轴线速度衰减,有效减弱射流对下游河床的冲刷。     

低温地板辐射供暖系统的供冷研究

建立了地板辐射供暖供冷系统的稳态传热模型,通过数值求解,给出了理论计算结果,并结合实验数据,分析了供水温度、室内设计温度、管间距、埋管深度等因素对热流密度的影响,为系统两联供提供了初步估算依据。结果表明:其它条件一定时,热流密度随管间距呈线性变化;随埋管深度呈非线性变化;管间距过大和埋管过深不利于系统两联供的实现,建议管间距在200mm之内,埋管深度60mm左右。     

突片激励射流冲击冷却的实验研究

对突片激励射流冲击冷却特性进行实验研究,分析突片形成的流向涡对冲击换热特性的影响,总结了双排射流孔的传热规律. 实验结果表明,在双排突片射流冲击冷却中,突片具有改善冲击换热特性的作用,射流孔的排列方式以及两排孔之间流向孔间距的变化对冲击靶面的温度分布具有较大的影响,叉排孔的有效冷却范围更大,冷却效果更好.