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针对轮毂单元静强度计算及试验验证问题,根据第三代非驱动轮毂轴承单元的受力情况,提供了一种用CAE仿真分析方法以外的简便数值分析计算方法,即在车辆受到侧向1.2 g的临界侧向加速度下,将轮毂轴承单元受到的外部径向力和轴向力,通过轮毂轴承单元内部受力分析,转化为轴承内部双列滚道的两个载荷中心的径向力和轴向力;并将轮毂轴承单元法兰盘内侧受力轴颈简化等效为实心悬臂梁的处理方法,来计算法兰盘轴颈静强度;并用侧向静强度试验方法,通过构建适当的试验方案,来验证轮毂轴承单元法兰盘静强度,为设计优化提供简便的分析验证方法。研究结果表明,该简化模型计算结果能够与侧向静强度试验结果保持一致,为笔者利用简化计算方法来简便快速地定量选取轴径和轴颈r角大小提供了可能;该方法计算简便有效,结果可靠。 相似文献
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载重汽车的非驱动轮一般采用圆锥滚子轮毂轴承(见图1)承受轴向载荷、径向载荷和联合载荷,它是汽车重要的行走机件。汽车轮毂轴承担负着降低底盘运转时的摩擦阻力,维持汽车正常行驶的重任。如果轮毂轴承精度达不到要求,可能会引起噪声、轴承发热等现象,其质量对整车质量有着重要影响。而圆锥滚子的粗糙度对轮毂轴承噪声、 相似文献
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针对一种新式伪刚性免充气轮胎的结构特点,建立了一种分析其径向刚度特性的伪刚体柔体耦合模型。将伪刚体理论得到的轮胎板簧位移方程和弹性力学得到的輮轮形变方程进行耦合,解得轮胎的下沉量与变形情况。结果表明:伪刚性免充气轮胎的下沉量与载荷成正比,其径向刚度比一般普通充气/非充气轮胎大,低车速时平顺性好,高车速时平顺性稍有欠缺。为验证所提模型,比较了同种边界条件下的有限元解,两者的结果很接近,且伪刚体柔体耦合模型计算时间较短。利用所提模型对伪刚性免充气轮胎的径向刚度进行优化,得到了所需的设计尺寸参数。 相似文献
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子午线轮胎静态侧倾性能有限元分析及试验研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
采用三维非线性有限元分析方法,在模型中考虑了轮胎的几何非线性、材料非线性以及轮胎接触非线性,计算了子午线轮胎195/60R14在不同角度侧倾接地时的变形情况,与试验结果进行了比较。分析了轮胎在静态不同角度侧倾接地状况下载荷-下沉量变化、接地区压力分布、接地区摩擦力分布、侧倾侧向力-侧倾角变化关系;采用连续加载-卸载方式,开展了轮胎侧倾接地试验,实时记录了轮胎受力与变形关系,采用压力敏感膜测量了轮胎侧倾接地时的接地区压力分布状况。结果表明,轮胎侧倾接地状况下的变形及接地区压力分布趋势的计算结果与试验测试结果一致。 相似文献
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以轻型车QX1060铝合金车轮为研究对象,详细叙述了车轮的设计过程。首先确定了车轮零件的类型和相关基本参数,然后运用UG软件对车轮零件进行三维建模。在ANSYS软件中,利用92号单元建立其有限元模型,分别就车轮承受胎压载荷、径向载荷、周向载荷、侧向载荷的工况进行模拟计算,得出了不同工况下车轮的应力和变形的大小和分布。计算结果表明,对车轮的有限元仿真分析是实现其设计的有效手段。 相似文献
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The cause of the ICE train derailment, which occurred in 1998 at Eschede, was fatigue failure originating on the inside of the wheel tire. Rubber-sprung resilient wheels were used for the trailer cars. The wheel tire is mounted on the wheel disc. Thirty-four rubber pads were arranged between the wheel disc and the wheel tire. It was postulated that fretting fatigue between the rubber block and the inner side of the tire might have an influence on the initiation of the incipient crack. In order to clarify the influence of the rubber contact on the fatigue strength of the tire, fretting fatigue experiments under rubber contact conditions were performed. During the fundamental fretting fatigue test using bridge pads and small size carbon steel specimens, no typical fretting damage such as fretting wear and minute cracks were observed due to contact of the rubber. Stress conditions of the rubber-sprung wheel under vertical and lateral wheel loads were evaluated by a three-dimensional elastic stress analysis. Since the rubber is a super-elastic material, the Mooney-Rivlin model was used in the FEM calculation. It was found that the wheel tire is subjected to a cyclic stress during one revolution of the wheel and the maximum stress occurred at the center of the inner surface of the tire where the fatigue crack initiated. Fatigue strength of the wheel tire was determined by the rotating bending fatigue testing of specimens taken from the tire. It was found that the tire with an 862 mm diameter at a wheel load of 80 kN had a safety factor more than 3.5 from a fatigue limit diagram with a failure probability of 0.01. To confirm the fretting damage under the rubber contact and the result of the fatigue strength evaluation, fatigue tests of a full size wheel were made. After 20 million cycles at the wheel load of 280 kN, which was just below the endurance limit estimated by the endurance limit diagram, no fretting damage and no fatigue cracks were observed. The wheel was, however, fractured at 1.56 million cycles under the maximum load of 308 kN, which was just above the endurance limit. The estimation of the safety factor of 3.5 estimated from the endurance diagram was confirmed by the full size fatigue testing. It was concluded that there was no effect of fretting due to the rubber contact on the fatigue strength of the rubber-sprung single-ring railway wheel. 相似文献
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一种新型安全车轮的非线性有限元分析 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
建立了新型安全车轮的几何模型,说明了车轮构成及基本原理。基于车轮的几何非线性、材料非线性及车轮与地面接触的非线性,建立了车轮的三维非线性有限元模型,用ANSYS软件的非线性分析技术对车轮进行了有限元分析。建模时充分考虑了橡胶材料的超弹性,材料模型采用Mooney-Rivlin橡胶材料。分析了车轮在静态接触、侧倾和侧偏受载3种工况下载荷与变形量的关系,并对车轮应力分布、轮胎接地印迹和接地压力进行了研究,为模拟与分析轮胎行驶性能和车轮的结构设计与优化提供了相关依据。 相似文献
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轮胎稳态运动学与六分力预报Ⅰ:理论与方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
提出一种新的轮胎运动学描述和六分力预报理论。滚动接触是汽车轮胎力学、轮轨动力学的核心问题,由于涉及刚体转动与有限变形,滚动接触运动学与动力学的描述与求解非常困难。用拉格朗日—欧拉混合描述法分析大变形滚动接触结构的速度场、加速度场和接触变形。以车轮定位角为卡尔丹角,用拉格朗日描述,得到了包含刚体转动和弹性变形的轮胎速度场。而接触区域的变形和受力用欧拉描述,通过欧拉网格和拉格朗日网格的信息传递,完成滚动结构动力学分析。所提出的理论可以退化到Fiala模型,并可以从理论上解释子午线轮胎的伪侧偏和伪侧倾现象。基于所建立的运动学理论和非线性有限元,建立轮胎六分力预报方法。针对某轿车子午线轮胎,分析轮胎接地面滑移速度、接地面积、接地压力、侧向剪力分布等随着侧偏角的变化规律,并研究该轮胎侧偏力和回正力矩随着胎面刚度和摩擦因数的参数敏感性。结果表明轮胎侧偏刚度和回正刚度主要受结构刚度控制,而峰值侧偏力和峰值回正力矩主要受摩擦因数控制。将利用所建立的方法和试验,探讨带束层结构对大规格子午线轮胎侧偏特性的影响规律,进一步验证所提出的理论和方法的正确性。所提出的理论和方法开辟了直接从轮胎设计预报轮胎六分力的新途径。 相似文献
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