消防救援人员运动损伤现状调查与防控对策分析 ——以宁波市消防救援支队为例

文章调查了宁波市消防救援支队425名消防救援人员的运动损伤流行病学现况,通过调查分析运动损伤发生率、发生性质、多发部位、发生程度、高发风险项目等基本特征,并根据问卷调查和消防员常训、专训项目特点,分析目前宁波市消防救援人员运动损伤产生的原因及康复中存在的问题,阐述了开展消防员损伤康复工作的必要性,为宁波市消防救援人员运动损伤的防控、运动损伤康复提供对策和建议。根据运动损伤调查和康复情况,提出合理安排运动负荷、增强核心力量及膝关节稳定性训练、加强康复诊疗监督、融入康复性体能训练等预防和康复建议对策,为科学化训练提供参考。     

Engineers and power. The engineering contribution to the managerialand political process

Engineers have a profound influence on the future of their organisations and societies. But how is this represented in political and managerial processes, and can a better understanding of the nature of power help focus their contribution? This article takes a fresh look at the nature of managerial and political power. It argues that the core contribution of engineers to management and politics-if they want a voice-must be in leading and managing change     

The influence of quality benefit and marginal contribution on the optimal equity structure of the PPP projects: balancing public and private benefits

Public–private partnerships (PPPs) involve many different participants, and the equity allocation between them may influence the performance of PPP projects. While the optimal capital structure and equity capital structure of the project company have been extensively investigated, few studies have examined how to allocate equity shares among different private participants. Considering both public and private benefits, this study focuses on the optimal equity structure between construction contractor (CC) and operating contractor (OC). A game model is used to analyze how quality benefit and marginal contribution of CC and OC’s effort affect the optimal equity structure. The findings reveal that the private consortium expects the party (CC or OC) with higher marginal contribution of effort to own more equity shares, while government expects the party (CC or OC) with lower marginal contribution of effort to own more equity shares. Furthermore, a non-linear relationship between the optimal equity structure and government’s bargaining power is found. The results also manifest that the quality benefit of construction on operation is a nontrivial factor when designing the equity structure. If unconsidered, the CC’s optimal equity ratio will be either undervalued (when a higher construction quality can reduce the operating cost) or overvalued (when a higher construction quality can increase the operating cost). These findings can provide some insights into designing the equity structure for PPP projects in the bidding process.     

城市规划：公共利益、公众参与和权利救济——兼论修订《中华人民共和国城市规划法》

城市规划的目的是公共利益，必须杜绝私益介入。对于具体规划如何确定为公共利益以及解决与公民权利的冲突，最重要的途径是存在一个公众参与的正当程序，这也是保护公民合法权利、监督行政权运行所必需的，但是现行《中华人民共和国城市规划法》对此几乎一片空白。另外，该法对于违法城市规划以及实施城市规划的违法具体行政行为，也没有规定救济途径．这也使得人们当前在讨论修订《城市规划法》时不能不对此予以关注。     

On place-making,participation and public art: the Gorbals,Glasgow

Public art has become part of the rhetoric of regeneration and within this participation has come to play an increasingly significant role. Public art, through its aesthetic and process, is perceived as integral to place-making within regeneration practice, affording cohesion to otherwise disaffected and disillusioned communities and distinctiveness to reformed places. Based on the example of a regenerated inner-city neighbourhood in Glasgow, the Gorbals, this paper questions the role of public participation in the installation of public art. How the regeneration of the neighbourhood unfolded was heavily influenced by new urbanist ideals in which place-making techniques were instrumental in repositioning the perception of the neighbourhood for its residents as well as externally. We argue that within a complex process of regeneration there are limits to how public participation can be built into the process of installing public art, reflecting in turn the different routes through which places become meaningful.     

Fire and life safety for underground facilities: present status of fire and life safety principles related to underground facilities : ITA working group 4, “subsurface planning”

This study on the present status of fire and life safety principles for underground facilities is based on contributions by eight member nations of the International Tunnelling Association: Australia, Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Sweden and the U.SA This document may serve as a tentative guideline for future development in this field Findings are divided into three major category areas of underground works: road tunnels, railway tunnels, and underground parking facilities. Tables and explanatory information for each category are provided.     

A system for the analysis of fire reports, and its application to health care buildings

A system of analysing fire reports is described, which evaluates the success of failure of the building elements and occupants in mitigating the consequencies of ignition. To handle fire reports a method of categorising the fire growth sequence in terms of both flame and smoke spread was developed. Three tactics (ignition prevention, fire control and evacuation) which mitigate the consequencies of ignition were derived from a hierarchy of fire safety and their interrelationship was examined. The application of this analysis method to two sets of the reports of fires in health buildings was undertaken and its success validated the proposed methodology.     

Race and the allocation of public housing: Changing perspectives,recurrent themes

Housing on Trial. By Elizabeth Burney. Oxford University Press (for Institute of Race Relations). 1967.

What Price Equality? Deborah Phillips, Greater London Council 1986.

Race, Class and the Allocation of State Housing. By Jeff Henderson and Valerie Kam. Aldershot: Gower. 1987.

Race and Housing: New Perspectives. edited by Susan Smith and John Mercer, University of Glasgow, Centre for Housing Research. 1987.     

The built environment,maintenance of the public sphere and connections to others and to place: an examination of 10 international cities

Using surveys collected from 10 major metropolitan cities across the world, this article examines the factors that affect the extent to which people feel connected to others who live in their neighborhood and feel proud and satisfied with life in their cities. The cities included in the analysis are: New York, London, Paris, Stockholm, Toronto, Milan, Berlin, Seoul, Beijing and Tokyo. We find that certain aspects of the built environment, the conditions of the public sphere, and the extent of positive social networks in the city are critically important for understanding residents’ connections to each other and to their cities. Our findings provide insights for policy makers and planners concerned with making cities viable and livable.     

北京天明兴业科技发展有限公司消防／安防自动门控制系统产品简介

根据公安部、国家安全生产监督管理局公发[2003]4号文件《关于开展人员密集场所消防安全疏散通道安全出口专项治理的实施意见》的精神，地方各级人民政府开展了人员密集场所消防安全疏散通道，安全出口专项治理。为配合此次专项治理行动，同时完善、填补我国消防、安防产品的空白，该公司引进了韩国摩登系统企业专利技术，     

积极进行行政审批改革，创造高效为民的服务型消防机制与环境——上海消防行政审批制度改革纪实

通过对上海市消防行政审批制度改革现状的分析,指出了消防行政审批制度改革过程中取得的成效和遇到的困难,阐明了深化上海消防行政审批改革的基本思路和对策.     

The Clubs of St. James's: places of public patriarchy - exclusivity, domesticity and secrecy

This paper explores the notion of gendered space through varying configurations of public and private with specific reference to a number of clubs in early nineteenth century London's St. James's. The male-only venue of the club is considered to represent public masculinity through two forms of male control over space; first, patriarchal mechanisms which exclude women and second, fraternal mechanisms which exclude certain men. The paper outlines how the male club also operated as a private space within the public realm, both as a space of intimacy and domesticity rivalling the familial home, and as a site of private property and exclusivity. The male clubs of St. James's, specifically the four at the top of St. James's Street; Boodle's, Brooks's, Crockford's and White's, were frequented by men of the same class who used their control of space to assert social and political allegiances and rivalries between men. The exclusivity of the first floor gambling room, a place of secrecy and privacy, is contrasted with the ground floor bow window, a site of public display and exclusivity. Male leisure pastimes, such as drinking, sporting, gambling, are explored as social and spatial practices which, by establishing shared codes of consumption, display and exchange, represent public masculinities.     

Free markets and the marriage market: structural adjustment,gender relations,and working conditions among Dominican women workers

The relationship between economic conditions and marriage patterns in the Dominican Republic is analyzed using data collected in 1994 on women working in a free-trade zone. The author concludes that changes associated with structural adjustment appear to have contributed to a deterioration of the job market and a greater prevalence of female-headed households. It is shown that "structural adjustment increases the need for women to work, because of cuts in government programs, declining real wages, growing inflation, and a deterioration in male employment, which weakens the man's role as principal breadwinner and increases the importance and visibility of women's contribution to the household economy. This change in the gender composition of the labor force has encouraged some women to resist marriage and/or remarriage because the ?marriage market' of eligible men willing and able to support a family has been reduced, contributing to greater marital instability."     

Thermal behaviour of a steel door frame subjected to the standard fire of ISO 834: Measurements,numerical simulation and parameter study

An adjustable steel frame of a steel door, built in a massive brick wall, was subjected to fire according to the international standard ISO 834. Additional thermocouples, with respect to the ones required by the standard, were positioned at different sites of the steel frame cross-section to validate the numerical analysis carried out to study its thermal insulation performance. The leaf/frame interaction was monitored during the fire test to verify the integrity criterion, but was neglected in the calculations by assuming adiabatic conditions at the door clearance. Based on these findings, a parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of boundary conditions, empty or filled frame cavities, and adjustable versus wrap-around frame on the temperature distribution of the steel frame. Combining the results of fire test and numerical simulation, the possibility to mutually assert the thermal performance, i.e. the insulation criterion for the cases of opening into and opening away from furnace, is discussed.