夹芯圆柱壳稳定性优化

研究了在轴压载荷作用下圆柱壳结构的失稳模态和结构承载效率,分析了空心圆柱壳厚度对失稳模态和承载效率的影响,以及圆柱壳填充轻质芯体对提高承载效率的作用;研究了圆柱壳结构的基于参数化建模、稳定性分析以及承载效率优化设计的一体化方法,并基于商用软件PATRAN的PCL语言予以实现。针对特定夹芯圆柱壳结构的稳定性分析和优化表明,空心薄壁圆柱壳结构在轴压载荷作用下容易失稳,结构承载效率低。适当增加壳体厚度,不但提高抗屈曲能力,而且也提高了结构承载效率。但厚度增加到一定限度后,进一步增加壳体厚度会提高结构的失稳荷载,但承载效率下降。利用泡沫状材料填充薄壁圆柱壳结构可以提高圆柱壳的结构抗屈曲承载能力和承载效率。通过优化壳体壁厚和芯体材料的相对密度,可有效地提高结构的承载能力和承载效率。     

复合材料圆柱壳轴压屈曲性能分析

对完整复合材料圆柱壳轴向压缩性能进行了试验研究,得到了圆柱壳结构的破坏载荷和各测量点的载荷-应变曲线,通过分析得出结构的破坏形式为屈曲破坏。利用ANSYS有限元软件建立了模型,对复合材料圆柱壳进行屈曲分析,将有限元计算的结构变形和屈曲载荷与试验结果进行对比,计算结果与试验结果一致,验证了模型的有效性。利用建立的有限元模型,分析了开口尺寸和铺层角度对含矩形开口的复合材料圆柱壳屈曲载荷的影响。在开口处加装复合材料口盖对结构进行补强,补强后的柱壳结构满足强度设计要求。     

计及静水压力影响的加筋圆柱壳塑性损伤程度预报

针对潜艇在水下爆炸载荷作用下各部位受损程度不同,选局部典型舱段结构将其简化成两端刚固的理想刚塑性加筋圆柱壳动力学模型。用动量守恒原理忽略圆柱壳轴向力作用,获得新型快速计及静水压力作用的加筋圆柱壳典型舱段典型位置塑性大变形理论计算方法。将理论计算结果与有限元仿真及试验结果进行对比,证明此动力学模型能对计及静水压力时不同冲击波作用下的加筋圆柱壳结构动塑性损伤程度进行预报。     

水下爆炸载荷下圆管型加筋缓冲防护性能研究

为提高双层圆柱壳结构在水下爆炸载荷作用下的抗冲击性能,基于双层圆柱壳结构的特殊性,提出适用于双层圆柱壳的圆管型舷间加筋结构,即采用圆管来代替传统的T型加筋。首先开展带圆管型和T型加筋的双层圆柱壳远场水下爆炸试验,同时运用数值仿真方法分析圆管型加筋的抗冲击性能,试验和数值仿真结果吻合良好。结果表明：相对于T型加筋,圆管型加筋在水下爆炸作用下表现出不同的变形模式,即圆管的逐渐扁化;带圆管型加筋的双层圆柱壳结构加速度冲击响应峰值降幅达到40 %以上;圆管型加筋能够通过自身的变形在水下爆炸过程中吸收更多冲击能,同时使轻外壳和耐压壳的内能有所降低。因此,圆管型加筋比传统T型加筋具有更优的缓冲效果,可用于双层圆柱壳结构的缓冲和防护设计。     

不等间距加筋圆柱壳的振动局域化研究

对圆柱壳采取不等间距加筋配置将导致其振动在通频带局域化,从而可实现对圆柱壳结构振动进行控制.将加筋圆柱壳模型的振动等效为耦合振子链的振动,利用耦合振子链的无序局域化因子理论公式定量预报不等间距加筋圆柱壳的无序局域化因子:与耦合振子链等效的圆柱壳振动参数由基于有限元结合波数分析技术所获得的加筋圆柱壳色散曲线给出;与耦合振...     

水下爆炸载荷作用下加筋圆柱壳结构弹塑性动力响应研究

以加筋圆柱壳模型为分析对象,应用MSC—DYTRAN非线性瞬态有限元分析软件建立水下爆炸载荷作用下流固耦合数值分析模型,对冲击因子为1.1的典型试验工况进行数值模拟,分析了加筋圆柱壳在爆炸载荷作用下的破坏机理,并将数值计算结果与试验结果进行对比,验证了数值模拟方法的正确性和有效性,进一步通过大量数值试验,分析了爆炸攻角、模型浸深对加筋圆柱壳弹塑性响应的影响,最后对气泡脉动载荷的二次毁伤效应进行了探讨。数值结果表明：同等当量炸药在相同爆距、相同浸深下,90°攻角总是最危险的爆炸角度,0°攻角与其他攻角相比,毁伤效果总是最小;模型浸深对结构的响应影响显著,模型浸深愈深,毁伤程度愈严重;当考虑气泡脉动载荷后,对于结构具有二次破坏作用,在相同药量相同爆距下、不同浸深下的二次破坏效果并不相同,呈现出浸深愈大,二次破坏效果愈显著的现象。     

质量无序配置加筋圆柱壳的振动局域化EI北大核心CSCD

无序非周期结构振动在通频带会产生局域化效应。基于该思想,对质量无序配置加筋圆柱壳开展了振动局域化研究。为定量预报无序配置加筋圆柱壳的局域化因子,将加筋圆柱壳振动等效为耦合振子链的振动,利用耦合振子链的无序局域化因子公式预报质量无序配置加筋圆柱壳的局域化因子。以加筋圆柱壳有限元分析的振动结果为输入,使用结合波数分析的参数辨识技术给出了等效振子固有频率参数和耦合参数。等效无序度参数使用了参考模型辨识的技术。针对两个质量无序配置加筋圆柱壳开展的振动局域化分析结果表明,质量配置无序度参数是影响局域化因子的重要参数,它与质量配置参数相关;当无序质量配置的平均值超过结构重量的15%时,可以观察到较为显著的振动局域化效果。     

加筋复合材料圆柱壳的屈曲和初始后屈曲的研究

本文分析了筋和壳的儿何参数及壳的铺层对纵向或环向密加筋的复合材料层合圆柱壳在轴压和侧压下的稳定性和初始后屈曲性能的影响。初始后屈曲分析基于Koiter理论。对几种不同几何参数、壳体铺层和载荷情况的加筋壳的计算表明:在所有情况下,外加筋比内加筋更有效地提高了屈曲载荷;复合材料壳的加筋效率一般都高于各向同性材料加筋壳;壳体的铺层对屈曲和初始后屈曲性能有很大影响。     

加筋圆柱壳声辐射特性研究及声学优化设计

为研究全频段加筋圆柱壳声辐射特性,基于VA-ONE建立FE-BEM混合法、FE-SEA混合法及SEA法低中高全频段的计算模型,并进行加筋圆柱壳辐射声功率的计算,从结构固有模态角度研究了各阶模态的声辐射效率。结果表明,加筋能够减小圆柱壳结构的总体辐射声功率,尤其可以减小低频段的辐射声功率;在中低频区,各阶模态的模态辐射效率具有较大差异,在中高频区,则相差不大。进一步研究了激励位置、壳厚、材质及辐射介质对加筋圆柱壳声辐射特性的影响。为减小加筋圆柱壳对外场点的辐射声功率,基于NCT模块及Design Optimization模块进行声学优化设计,结果表明,将GA算法与SQP算法或MMA算法组合使用不仅可以减少运算时间,而且可以获得较好的优化方案。     

环向加筋圆柱壳轴向弹塑性动力屈曲

基于“离散加筋”模型,考虑了大挠度和材料硬化应变率敏感特性的影响,借助增量数值解法研究了环向加筋圆柱壳在轴向流－固冲击载荷作用下的弹塑性动力屈曲。分别采用类似B－R准则和Southwell方法来确定结构动力屈曲临界载荷。讨论了加强筋、材料硬化应变率敏感特性等因素对结构动力屈曲性态和临界载荷的影响。     

圆柱壳限制失稳的实验研究

采用高分子高弹性材料Mylar薄膜制作衬壳,其外侧的刚性限制为钢制圆柱筒壳,两端用加强环压紧以模拟边界条件。用气压加载模拟圆柱壳受周向均匀压力,观察衬壳的屈曲过程,同时测量衬壳的临界载荷。实验测量结果与有限元计算的结果符合较好。另外还通过人为制造不同初始缺陷和变换不同壳体长度,研究了限制失稳临界载荷与初始缺陷及不同长度的关系。结果表明圆柱薄衬壳受侧向外压的限制失稳临界载荷比自由失稳临界载荷有很大提高。     

材料应变率对圆柱壳轴向冲击屈曲的影响

研究了轴向冲击载荷作用下材料应变率对圆柱壳弹塑性冲击屈曲的影响,采用Ｋａｒｍａｎ－Ｄｏｎｎｅｌｌ运动方程,本构关系采用增量理论,联立Ｃｏｗｐｅｒ－Ｓｙｍｏｎｄｓ关系,求得相应的动屈服应力,借助增量数值计算方法注解运动方程,计算表明：材料的应变率敏感性显著地提高了结构的抗冲击屈曲能力;基于Ｂ－Ｒ准则的屈曲判断方法和采用Ｓｏｕｔｈｗｅｌｌ方法可以获得一致的临界屈曲载荷。     

Thermal buckling of shallow/nonshallow piezoelectric-composite cylindrical shells

A thermal buckling analysis is presented for laminated cylindrical shells with surface mounted piezoelectric actuators under combined action of thermal and electrical loads. Derivations of the equations are based on the classical laminated shell theory, using the Sanders nonlinear kinematic relations. The analysis uses the Galerkin method to obtain closed form solutions for the buckling loads of shallow and nonshallow piezolaminated cylindrical shells. Temperature dependency of material properties is taken into account. Illustrative examples are presented to verify the accuracy of the proposed formulation. The effects of the various design parameters on thermal buckling loads are investigated.     

Simultaneous buckling design of stiffened shells with multiple cutouts

Buckling is usually initiated from a local region near the cutout for cylindrical stiffened shells under axial compression, and then the evolution of buckling waves is governed by the combined effects of local and global stiffness, which limit the load-carrying capacity. Therefore, a simultaneous buckling pattern is crucial for improving the structural efficiency. In this study, a multi-step optimization strategy for the integrated design of near and far fields away from cutouts is proposed, and the convergence criterion of buckling optimization is improved as a deformation-based index. The numerical implementation of the asymptotic homogenization method is utilized to construct an efficient finite element model for post-buckling analysis. A 5?m diameter stiffened shell in a launch vehicle demonstrates that the proposed framework can provide a simultaneous buckling design with high structural efficiency in an efficient manner. Both the buckling deformations and stress of the optimum design are more uniform compared to other optimum designs.     

弯剪复合载荷作用下复合材料层合板屈曲的强度校核方法

基于复合材料各向异性板的大挠度方程，采用Ritz法和最小势能原理推导出了正交各向异性复合材料层合板在面内弯曲载荷作用下临界屈曲弯矩的解析解；给出了面内弯剪复合载荷作用下复合材料层合板屈曲的强度校核方法，并将本文方法所得结果与用有限元法（FEM）所得结果进行了比较。结果表明，本文方法与有限元方法相吻合，并且形式简洁，便于工程应用。     

Buckling optimization and antioptimization of composite plates: uncertain loading combinations

The problem of optimal design for elastic buckling loads of composite plates under uncertain loading conditions is considered. It is observed that this is a multicriterion optimization problem whose solution is time consuming. Thus, an alternative minimax formulation is proposed and demonstrated. The buckling load is maximized with respect to the structural parameters and minimized with respect to variations in the load parameters. The mechanical loads applied to the rectangular plates are a combination of normal compression and shear. Moreover, the admissible loading configurations belong to a convex hull which significantly enhances the optimization procedure. The consideration of an uncertainty degree in the mechanical loads leads to optimal designs which are inherently insensitive to perturbations and/or randomness in the applied loads. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optimum structural design of CFRP isogrid cylindrical shell using genetic algorithm

This paper describes an optimum structural design of a CFRP isogrid cylindrical shell using a genetic algorithm (GA). When the CFRP isogrid cylindrical shell receives a prescribed uniaxial compressive load, an objective is to minimize weight of the CFRP isogrid cylindrical shell subjected to the constraint conditions of no buckling and no material failure. The buckling and material failure loads were approximated by a response surface method combined with partitioning of design spaces and these approximated values were used in the process of GA instead of FEM calculations in order to reduce the computational time. Furthermore, the differences from the constraint conditions of the linear or the non-linear (local) buckling loads were also calculated and their results were compared with each other.     

基于ANSYS的复合材料螺旋桨叶片有限元建模与分析

针对船用复合材料螺旋桨叶片,分别采用壳单元赋予不同截面参数和实体单元赋予不同等效材料参数两种建模方法进行了有限元分析,对比了壳单元和实体单元模型的模态、均布压力载荷下的响应以及均匀温度场中的热变形。结果表明:对于从桨根到桨尖各位置铺层不同的叶片来说,两种建模方法在建模时间和铺层调整便捷性方面各有利弊;模态分析中两种模型的固有频率和振型计算结果存在一定差异,它们均可在一定条件下用于复合材料螺旋桨叶片模态计算;两种模型中,模拟均布压力载荷下的响应时应采用壳单元模型,而分析叶片在均匀温度场中结构的热变形应采用实体单元模型。     

复合材料层合板屈曲稳定性优化设计及其灵敏度计算方法

笔者在有限元分析基础上研究了以屈曲稳定性作为约束条件或优化目标的复合材料层合板结构优化设计及其灵敏度分析方法,重点讨论了屈曲临界荷载灵敏度对内力场和载荷的依赖关系及其在铺层优化、尺寸优化和形状优化问题中的不同计算方法,并在JIFEX软件中实现了复杂结构复合材料层合板优化设计方法。数值算例验证了本文算法和程序的有效性。     

Experimental investigations on buckling of cylindrical shells under axial compression and transverse shear

This paper presents experimental studies on buckling of cylindrical shell models under axial and transverse shear loads. Tests are carried out using an experimental facility specially designed, fabricated and installed, with provision forin-situ measurement of the initial geometric imperfections. The shell models are made by rolling and seam welding process and hence are expected to have imperfections more or less of a kind similar to that of real shell structures. The present work thus differs from most of the earlier investigations. The measured maximum imperfections δ_max are of the order of ±3t (t = thickness). The buckling loads obtained experimentally are compared with the numerical buckling values obtained through finite element method (FEM). In the case of axial buckling, the imperfect geometry is obtained in four ways and in the case of transverse shear buckling, the FE modelling of imperfect geometry is done in two ways. The initial geometric imperfections affect the load carrying capacity. The load reduction is considerable in the case of axial compression and is marginal in the case of transverse shear buckling. Comparisons between experimental buckling loads under axial compression, reveal that the extent of imperfection, rather than its maximum value, in a specimen influences the failure load. Buckling tests under transverse shear are conducted with and without axial constraints. While differences in experimental loads are seen to exist between the two conditions, the numerical values are almost equal. The buckling modes are different, and the experimentally observed and numerically predicted values are in complete disagreement.