共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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本文提出了一种新的基于非均匀方向向量求解结构系统失效概率的近似积分法,给出了结构系统失效概率的近似积分公式。通过求解具体问题,证明该方法相当有效,适合于多破损模式、非线性安全边界的结构体系可靠性问题。 相似文献
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产品和系统在投入使用之前必须进行寿命估算,以保证它们在寿命期内的服役可靠性。寿命估算的方法有多种,归纳起来可分为以失效机理为基础,或者以失效模式为基础,或者以可靠性技术为基础等三种寿命估算方法。 相似文献
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预应力混凝土梁桥系统失效树分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对预应力混凝土梁桥,采用失效树的方法进行系统可靠性分析。运用全局临界强度分枝-约界准则识别结构系统主要失效模式,以JC法计算各主要失效模式的可靠指标,采用Ditlevsen上下界公式分析结构体系的失效概率。以某汉江公路大桥为例,分析了失效树图形,研究了主要失效模式的可靠指标、失效概率及桥梁结构体系可靠性。与实桥运营状态的对比分析表明,上述理论分析较好地预测了实际的结构行为,能用于桥梁结构安全性及可靠性分析评估。 相似文献
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不完整结构系统同时考虑强度和刚度的可靠性分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
基于结构强度可靠性分析理论的基础之上,提出了不完整结构(结构系统中有部分元件已失效,但结构未变成机构仍具有一定的承载能力)强度、刚度可靠性的分析方法.该方法考虑了元件因强度失效对不完整结构系统强度、刚度可靠性的影响,同时导出了等效安全余量的形式,进而计算结构系统在失效各阶段的总体失效概率.并结合算例对结构系统在失效各阶段进行了强度、刚度的可靠性分析.算例表明,这样分析符合结构在使用各阶段可靠性的真实情况,从而为结构的合理利用起指导性作用. 相似文献
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本文介绍一种基于强、、刚度可靠性分析的结构估化方法,给出了用PNEN法计算结构系统失效概率时的灵敏度分析表达式。提出最佳矢量型非线性规划算法,成功地求解了结构系统强,刚度可靠度约束下的最小重量设计问题。 相似文献
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可靠性灵敏度可以被表达为失效概率对基本随机变量分布参数的偏导数的形式,利用失效概率为基本变量的联合概率密度函数在失效域上的积分表达式,并且利用马尔可夫链能够高效模拟感兴趣区域样本的性质,一种针对单个失效模式和系统多个失效模式的可靠性灵敏度分析方法被提出。由于可靠性参数灵敏度可以表达为一个与联合概率密度函数相关的函数在失效域中的数学期望的形式,所提方法采用马尔可夫链来高效模拟失效域中的样本,进而采用样本均值替代总体均值的方法来得到可靠性灵敏度的估计值。与已有的基于Monte-Carlo模拟的可靠性灵敏度分析方法相比,所提方法在保证计算精度的基础上计算效率有显著提高,尤其是针对小失效概率的可靠性灵敏度分析问题。该算例充分说明了所提方法的合理可行性。 相似文献
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目前对于变电站自动化系统的可靠性研究鲜有涉及人为因素的定量影响,而许多电网事故是由人为失误引起的,因此提出了一种计及人因可靠性的变电站自动化系统失效风险评估方法。首先根据工作人员所处场景采用层次分析法-成功似然指数法评估人为失效概率以此修正设备故障概率,其次基于IEC-61850的功能分解对自动化系统各种功能的失效风险进行评估,最终融合为系统失效风险,以此描述当前系统可靠性,为调度部门决策提供指导。算例结果表明,人为因素对于系统失效风险有着较大的影响,计及人因可靠性可更为客观地描述系统风险,为调度操作人员提供风险预警。 相似文献
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基于Legendre正交多项式逼近法的结构可靠性分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
提出了结构可靠性分析的Legendre正交多项式逼近法。主要是基于数值逼近原理,以Legendre正交函数族做基,利用功能函数的高阶矩信息,通过计算功能函数概率密度函数的逼近表达式,然后根据工程结构可靠性的一般表达式来计算结构的失效概率,进行可靠性分析。通过数值检验,证明该方法可以很好地逼近各种经典理论分布曲线(正态分布、指数分布等6种经典分布)。文后给出了结构构件失效概率的实例计算,并和其它几种常用方法进行对比,进一步表明了Legendre正交多项式数值逼近法在结构可靠性分析理论上的正确性和实用性。 相似文献
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响应面法在结构体系可靠度分析中的应用 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
一个失效模式由许多的失效单元构成,它是一个并联系统;而所有的失效模式构成一个串联系统.整个结构体系可看成是许多并联系统(失效模式)组成的一个串联系统.首先,利用基于响应面的随机有限元法来获得失效模式中各个单元的极限状态方程,这些方程都是二次多项式;第二步,利用结构可靠度分析中的几何法得到这些方程的等效线性化方程从而可逐步得到该失效模式的等效线性化方程;第三步,计算各失效模式间的相关系数;最后,由Ditlevsen界限法来计算结构的体系可靠度.算例表明,利用该方法来获得大型、复杂结构的体系可靠度具有高效、实用的特点. 相似文献
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灾害荷载下结构体系失效模式的相关性及可靠度计算 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文通过引入荷载粗糙度指标,根据有关统计参数讨论了灾害荷载的特性,研究了灾害荷载下结构体系失效模式的相关性及可靠度的近似计算方法,得到了以下结论:灾害荷载下结构体系的失效模式近似完全相关,结构体系可靠度由结构的最弱失效模式决定。 相似文献
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Jaekwan Shin 《工程优选》2013,45(5):622-641
This article presents reliability analysis and reliability-based optimization of roadway minimum radius design based on vehicle dynamics, mainly focusing on exit ramps and interchanges. The performance functions are formulated as failure modes of vehicle rollover and sideslip. To accurately describe the failure modes, analytical models for rollover and sideslip are derived considering nonlinear characteristics of vehicle behaviour using the commercial software TruckSim. The probability of an accident is evaluated using the first-order reliability method and numerical studies are conducted using a single-unit truck model. To propose a practical application for the study, the reliability analysis for the minimum radius recommended by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials is conducted. The results show that, even if there are deviations from assumed design conditions of the current design guideline, the proposed design method can guarantee given target margins of safety against rollover and sideslip. Based on the reliability analysis, reliability-based design optimization is carried out and the results indicate new recommendations for minimum radii satisfying given target reliability levels. 相似文献
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Yugang Zhang Tianxiang Yu Bifeng Song 《Quality and Reliability Engineering International》2019,35(7):2240-2260
It is generally believed that the reliability of a mechanical system is determined by its composition. The system operates properly when all of its components do not fail. Based on this assumption, the reliability of the system can be represented by the reliability of its components. A problem arises when applying this hypothesis to a system containing motion mechanisms. There is a phenomenon in motion mechanism that the components do not happen structural failure (we call it “Type I failure”) and joint failure (we call it “Type II failure”), but the function of the mechanism cannot meet the requirements (we call it “Type III failure”). A reliability allocation method, which synthetically considers the composition and Type III failure modes of the motion mechanism, is proposed to solve this problem. A relative dispersion factor is introduced to describe the failure dependence of components and is proposed to calculate the complexity and criticality. A series system reliability allocation model considering three types of failure modes is established. Finally, using an airplane gear door lock mechanism as an example, a comparative analysis of the system reliability allocation results with and without considering Type III failure modes is made. The allocation results show the component reliability value without considering Type III failure modes is less than that when considering them, which will increase the system hazards. The result considering Type III failure modes is more reasonable than that from the traditional method. 相似文献
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Reliability-based design of a system often requires the minimization of the probability of system failure over the admissible space for the design variables. For complex systems this probability can rarely be evaluated analytically and so it is often calculated using stochastic simulation techniques, which involve an unavoidable estimation error and significant computational cost. These features make efficient reliability-based optimal design a challenging task. A new method called Stochastic Subset Optimization (SSO) is proposed here for iteratively identifying sub-regions for the optimal design variables within the original design space. An augmented reliability problem is formulated where the design variables are artificially considered as uncertain and Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques are implemented in order to simulate samples of them that lead to system failure. In each iteration, a set with high likelihood of containing the optimal design parameters is identified using a single reliability analysis. Statistical properties for the identification and stopping criteria for the iterative approach are discussed. For problems that are characterized by small sensitivity around the optimal design choice, a combination of SSO with other optimization algorithms is proposed for enhanced overall efficiency. 相似文献
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通过对可靠性灵敏度的分析和推导,利用灵敏度标准差值构造了一种新的可靠性灵敏度因子。与传统灵敏度因子不同的是,新因子不仅能反映各随机变量对结构失效概率影响的重要性程度,因子的数值大小还能表征将单个变量作为确定性变量处理或将多个变量同时作为确定性量处理时所引起的可靠指标误差大小。据此结论,采用新灵敏度因子进行灵敏度分析时,只需要进行一次分析就能识别出各随机变量对结构失效整体影响的有益信息,可以有效地提高计算效率,降低分析难度。利用数值算例验证说明了所提可靠性灵敏度因子指标的有效性。 相似文献