淀粉水解程度对土曲霉发酵生产衣康酸的影响

将玉米淀粉进行酸水解和酶水解,水解液作为土曲霉At394的碳源进行发酵.水解程度直接影响到衣康酸产量,适宜水解糖的DE值为35%.发酵培养基配方为淀粉液化水解糖(DE值为35%)100g/L,NH4NO3 3g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 4g/L,玉米浆2g/L,KH2PO4 0.2g/L,pH3.0.在最适条件下,摇瓶发酵衣康酸产量可达54.1 g/L,糖酸转化率为59.2%.     

农用废弃物固态发酵生产衣康酸工艺研究

以土曲霉AS32811为发酵菌种,农用废弃物麸皮7.5g,玉米芯6.0g为出发培养基,在自然pH值条件下采用单因素试验研究碳源、氮源、无机盐对衣康酸产酸效果的影响。结果显示,该菌可以利用实验所选择的碳源生产衣康酸,葡萄糖为碳源时得率最高;氮源实验结果表明,NH4NO3是最适的产酸氮源。在单因素试验的基础上进行了五因素四水平的正交试验以优化产酸工艺。衣康酸生产的优化条件为:250mL三角瓶中加入玉米芯7.5g、麸皮6.0g、葡萄糖4g、营养液25mL(NH4NO3,4g/L;KH2PO4,0.1g/L;MgSO4,6g/L;C6H12O6,4g;ZnSO4.7H2O,0.015g/L),接种量为1mL(1×107孢子/mL)、温度36℃、湿度为65%条件下自然发酵72h,衣康酸产率可达63.5%。以土曲霉AS32811为发酵菌种,农用废弃物麸皮7.5g,玉米芯6.0g为出发培养基,在自然pH值条件下采用单因素试验研究碳源、氮源、无机盐对衣康酸产酸效果的影响。结果显示,该菌可以利用实验所选择的碳源生产衣康酸,葡萄糖为碳源时得率最高;氮源实验结果表明,NH4NO3是最适的产酸氮源。在单因素试验的基础上进行了五因素四水平的正交试验以优化产酸工艺。衣康酸生产的优化条件为:250mL三角瓶中加入玉米芯7.5g、麸皮6.0g、葡萄糖4g、营养液25mL(NH4NO3,4g/L;KH2PO4,0.1g/L;MgSO4,6g/L;C6H12O6,4g;ZnSO4.7H2O,0.015g/L),接种量为1mL(1×107孢子/mL)、温度36℃、湿度为65%条件下自然发酵72h,衣康酸产率可达63.5%。     

马铃薯淀粉产衣康酸发酵培养基的优化

以马铃薯淀粉为原料,利用土曲霉XL-6发酵生产衣康酸,并对发酵培养基组分进行优化。在单因素基础上,采用Plackett-Bur-man设计法从诸多因素中筛选出显著因素,通过响应面分析方法对其进行优化,建立衣康酸产率的二次多项式回归模型。试验结果表明,在最佳发酵培养基:碳源浓度130g/L,玉米浆2.14g/L,MgSO4.7H2O 2.19g/L,KH2PO4 0.14g/L,NH4NO3 3g/L,FeSO4.7H2O 0.10g/L,衣康酸产率达到7.04%。验证试验的实测值与预测值基本一致,说明模型可较好的反映实际情况。     

发酵法生产衣康酸技术的研究——衣康酸发酵工艺条件的研究(Ⅱ)

以衣康酸高产菌株土曲霉HAT418为出发菌株 ,研究探讨了不同碳源、氮源、无机盐类以及温度、起始 pH值等因素对衣康酸发酵的影响 ,确定了较优培养基组成和发酵工艺条件。实验结果表明 ,土曲霉HAT418适合于多种原料的衣康酸生产 ,如玉米淀粉、山芋粉、低脂玉米粉、蔗糖、口服葡萄糖等 ;硝酸铵、硫酸铵是衣康酸发酵的最适氮源 ,玉米浆是必要的辅助氮源 ;适宜的发酵起始pH值在 2 5～ 3 0 ;适宜的发酵温度为 3 6～ 3 7℃ ;Mg2 + 对土曲霉HAT418菌株的衣康酸发酵影响显著 ,适量的Mg2 + 是衣康酸发酵必需的 ;Ca2 + 可抑制杂酸的形成 ,培养基中添加 0 1g/L的CaCl2 可以使发酵液中衣康酸占总酸的比例提高 1 2 3 %。土曲霉HAT418菌株以 12 0～ 160 g/L的玉米淀粉双酶水解糖为碳源 ,NH4NO3 为主要氮源 ,摇瓶发酵 80h左右 ,衣康酸产酸率达到 83 0～10 1 1g/L ,糖酸转化率为 63 13 %～ 69 17% ,发酵残糖为 0 9～ 9 7g/L。     

红曲霉液态发酵多糖工艺条件的优化

研究了红曲霉产多糖的液态发酵条件,得出优化后的培养基组成为：蔗糖45 g/L,酵母粉4.5 g/L,KH2PO4·3H2O 3.5 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.85 g/L.通过单因素实验和正交试验,得到红曲霉N产多糖的优化发酵工艺条件为：种龄30 h,接种量7.5%,发酵培养基初始pH 5.75,装液量162....     

发酵法生产衣康酸技术的研究——衣康酸生产菌株的选育(Ⅰ)

以实验室保藏菌种土曲霉No .2 0 1为出发菌株 ,经紫外线、亚硝基胍 (NTG)、高温、硫酸二乙酯 (DES)诱变处理和多次分离获得一支性能稳定的衣康酸高产突变株土曲霉HAT418,36℃摇瓶发酵 72h ,衣康酸产量 72 1g/L ,糖酸转化率 60 0 8%。发酵条件优化后 ,在含糖 12 0～ 160 g/L的培养基上 ,产酸 81 4～ 10 1 1g/L ,糖酸转化率 63 18%～ 67 83%。发酵液经高压液相色谱分析 ,衣康酸占总酸的 98 6%。     

发酵法生产衣康酸技术的研究—衣康酸生产菌株的选育（I）

以实验室保藏菌种土曲霉No.201为出发菌株，经餐外线，亚硝基胍（NTG），高温，硫酸二乙酯（DES）诱变处理和多次分离获得一支性能稳定的衣康酸高产突变株土曲霉HAT418，36℃摇瓶发酵72h，衣康酸产量72.1g/L，糖酸转化率60.08%，发酵条件优化后，在含糖120～160g/L的培养基上，产酸81.4～101.1g/L，糖酸转化率63.18%～67.83%，发酵液经高压液相色谱分析，衣康酸占总酸的98.6%。     

衣康酸生产工艺条件优化研究

利用正交试验法对土曲霉发酵生产衣康酸工艺条件进行研究,获得了较优越的工艺条件,使衣康酸得率提高到43.8g/L。     

衣康酸生产工艺条件优化研究

利用正交试验法对土曲霉发酵生产衣康酸工艺条件进行研究,获得了较优越的工艺条件,使衣康酸得率提高到43.8g/L。      

融合子F3产衣康酸的培养基组成及摇瓶发酵条件的优化

对直接利用生淀粉发酵产衣康酸的融合子F3的发酵条件进行了研究。得到较佳培养基组成及发酵条件为:玉米淀粉110g/L,NH_4NO_3 3.0g/L,玉米浆2.5mL/L,MgSO_4·7H_2O1.5g/L,CuSO_4·5H_2O2.0 mg/L,初始pH3.0～3.5,摇瓶装液量80mL/500 mL三角瓶,接种量10%(种龄44h),34℃振荡(220r/min)培养140h。在此条件下,F3衣康酸产率达到45.3g/L,比优化前提高了4.4g/L;对供给淀粉的转化率达41.2%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press