氯丁橡胶胶粘剂的发展方向

从适应环保和可持续发展的要求，氯丁橡胶胶粘剂(以下简称氯丁胶)的发展方向应是实现环保化、加速水性化、推进高固含量化、研究高性能化。分析了溶剂型氯丁胶环保化的途径与可能。论述了水基型氯丁胶的性能与前景。只要注重环保，转变观念，提升技术，氯丁胶就能有旺盛的生命力和强劲的竞争力。     

轿车车身涂装线要向无公害化努力

在车身涂装方面，我们最大的差距是环保材料和工艺的采用。20世纪90年代以后，随着环保意识和法规的加强，国际大汽车公司开始改造涂装生产线，采用环保型的涂装材料和自动化程度更高、涂着效果更好的涂装工艺，使涂装过程中产生的有害挥发性物质排放量达到环保要求，汽车用涂料向高固体份化、水性化和粉末化发展。而国内无论是引进的轿车涂装车身生产线，还是国内设计建设的车身涂装线，     

绿色水处理技术

近年来，世界各国环保呼声日益高涨，环境法规日趋完善。传统的可造成二次污染的水处理技术的应用逐步受到限制。这促使环境科学家和环保工程师积极开发和应用“环境友好型”水处理技术（也称绿色水处理技术）。     

第三届全国磷肥环保技术交流会召开

86年11月11日～15日在铜陵化工总厂召开了第三届全国磷肥环境保护技术交流会。会议由化工部环保情报中心站主持,来自全国各大磷肥厂、科研、设计等单位共53名从事磷肥环保的专家、工程技术人员在会上宣读了各自的论文或交流了环保的技术经验。化工部化肥司张玉明工程师在会上对     

未来陶瓷怎么样--"四个现代化"将成为陶瓷发展的大趋势

随着经济一体化的发展，陶瓷行业的经济、技术竞争能力将有大的提高，陶瓷市场的消费环境与拥有现状、消费需求潜力以及未来的发展趋势成为企业关注的焦点。据有关专家预测，从陶瓷发展的大趋势来看，未来陶瓷将朝着“四个现代化”——全面健康化、节能环保化，设计时装化，互动人性化迈进。     

CADWorx三维工程设计软件在化纤工程设计中的应用

介绍了工厂设计软件CADWorx2010,指出工厂设计三维化的优势。通过设计实例,说明了应用CADWorx工程设计软件进行建模,生成单线IGO图及自动生成材料表的过程。该设计软件简化工程师工作量的同时也增加了设计的准确性。     

溶剂型氯丁胶粘剂的环保化

论述了环保型胶粘剂的基本特点，分析了溶剂型氯丁胶粘剂的毒性与污染来源，提出了溶剂型氯丁胶粘剂环保化的途径，介绍了环保型氯丁胶粘剂的配制原则，指出了溶剂型氯丁胶粘剂的惟一生路是环保化。     

应用型本科院校环境工程专业“环保工程师”人才培养模式的研究与实践

在深刻理解CDIO和卓越工程师培养计划的工程教育理念基础上,为培养适应地方人才市场需求的工程技术人员,结合我院环境工程专业现状,初步建立了包括"目标+基本要求+方法"的环境工程专业"环保工程师"人才培养模式,制定出"环保工程师"人才培养模式的培养目标和基本要求以及实现目标要求的方法和手段,并应用于我院环境工程专业13级人才培养方案和教学计划制定中。     

管道设计中的常见问题

本文以炼油装置中管道设计为出发点,结合现场配合施工遇到的问题,针对管道设计中容易疏忽的一些细节问题进行探讨,希望引起配管工程师的重视,在以后的工作中避免犯此类错误,并且积累经验,努力建设安全、环保、优质工程。     

吴江市万里彩钢净化有限公司

大连信威技术工程有限公司隶属于长波集团，是中国涂装标准化委员会会员单位。专门致力于表面处理（涂装）及相关设备的开发、研究与制造，集工艺规划、技术设计、制造安装及售后服务于一体的实业公司。公司秉承追求涂装设备的人性化、环保化、节能化，视产品质量为公司生命的经营理念，先后为数十个行业提供了56条生产线和最优最迅捷的售后服务。     

Long-term residual value of North Carolina and Queensland rock phosphates compared with triple superphosphate

The effectiveness of large single applications of North Carolina reactive rock phosphate, Queensland non-reactive rock phosphate, and Calciphos, were compared to the effectiveness of superphosphate in field experiments in south-western Australia for up to 11 years after application. As measured using plant yield, superphosphate was the most effective fertilizer in the year of application, and relative to freshly-applied superphosphate, the effectiveness of the superphosphate residues declined to be about 15 to 65% as effective in the year after application, and 5 to 20% as effective 9 to 10 years after application. Relative to freshly-applied superphosphate, all the rock phosphates were 10 to 30% as effective in the year of application, and the residues remained 2 to 20% as effective in the 10 years after application. The bicarbonate soil test reagent predicted a more gradual decrease in effectiveness of superphosphate of up to 70% 10 years after application. For rock phosphate, the reagent predicted effectiveness to be always lower than for superphosphate, being initially 2 to 11% as effective in the year after application, and from 10% to equally as effective 10 years later. Therefore rock phosphates are unlikely to be economic alternatives to superphosphate in the short or long term on most lateritic soils in south-western Australia.     

绿色环保意识的趋向

随着消费者环保意识的提高,人们除了认清绿色环保能对社会和全世界起到巨大的促进作用,还认为绿色环保能够直接、积极地反映其社会地位,在某种程度上反映出消费者自己的绿色环保意识。介绍了消费者对"绿色化"的认识,对"绿色产品"的期望以及生产厂家对"绿色原料"的认证和对"可持续发展"所做的贡献。     

可编程控制器编程技巧

PLC软件编制思路及方法为：理解工程图纸中各种原理图；熟悉工艺流程，编写逻辑框图，软件重点应用考虑故障；以“点”带“面”进行编程；程序调试。     

Adhesives in construction: A contractor's viewpoint

The development of epoxy- and polyester-based adhesives has dramatically widened the scope of adhesive bonding in the civil engineering industry but the technology of the adhesives used has often been more appropriate to the workshop than to the construction site. There is a need for the suppliers of structural adhesives to recognize this and to develop compositions and application techniques more amenable to site use. It is equally necessary for the construction industry to make more effort to understand these materials, to take advantage of their outstanding properties, and hence to use them successfully for the construction and repair of concrete structures.     

Optimal biocompatible solvent design for a two-stage extractive fermentation process with cell recycling

In this study, crisp and fuzzy multiple-goal optimization approaches are respectively introduced to design an optimal biocompatible solvent to a two-stage extractive fermentation with cell recycling for ethanol production. When designing a biocompatible solvent for the extractive fermentation process, many issues, such as extractive efficiency, conversion, amount of solvent utilized and so on, have to be considered. An interactive multiple-goal design procedure is introduced to determine a trade-off result in order to satisfy such contradicted goals. Both approaches could be iterated to solve the interactive multiple-goal design problem in order to yield a trade-off result. However, the crisp optimization design is a tedious task that requires the designer to provide various pairs of the upper bounds for the design problem to obtain the corresponding solution. The fuzzy optimization approach is able to be trade-off several goals simultaneously and to yield the overall satisfactory grade for the product/process design problem.     

The annual cycle of Flehmen in black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus)

Flehmen is a stereotyped response of ungulates and other mammals to urine. In black-tailed deer, Flehmen occurs typically in males (rarely in females), and its frequency shows an annual cycle. Flehmen in response to female urine was most frequent in November, and to male urine in January. The response minimum to both types of urine occurred in May. Fifty-five to 100% of initial responses to female urine resulted in Flehmen. The deer responded more often to female urine, and the difference between the responses to female and male urine increased from May to November. A male's own urine released Flehmen more often than did urine of other males. The response intensity varied with the spatial orientation of the male to the urinating female, and responses were usually limited to distances of 15 m or less.     

煤或天然气经甲醇制低碳烯烃工艺研究新进展

由煤或天然气经甲醇制低碳烯烃工艺是解决石油资源紧张、低碳烯烃需求量越来越大等问题的有效路线。介绍了几种有代表性的经甲醇制低碳烯烃工艺,包括美国UOP/Hydro甲醇制烯烃工艺,中国科学院大连化学物理研究所的合成气经由二甲醚制低碳烯烃(SDTO)工艺,德国Lurgi公司的甲醇制丙烯工艺,以及甲醇制烯烃与AtoFina/UOP烯烃裂解的集成工艺;分析了各工艺目前达到的技术指标及最近的技术改进,关注了各工艺近几年的工业化进程。除了SDTO工艺外,其他几种工艺有望在未来几年内实现工业化。国内甲醇制低碳烯烃工艺的开发应借助于流化催化裂化成熟的工程设计经验,同时加大甲醇制烯烃工艺流化床催化剂的开发力度。     

Ultrasonically initiated free radical‐catalyzed emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (i)

The emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by ultrasound has been studied at ambient temperature using sodium lauryl sulfate as the surfactant. The investigation includes the: (1) nature and source of the free radical for the initiation process; (2) effects of different types of cavitation; and (3) dependence of the polymerization rate, polymer particle number generated, and the polymer molecular weight on acoustic intensity, argon gas flow rate, surfactant concentration, and initial monomer concentration. It was found that the polymerization could be initiated by ultrasound in the emulsion systems containing methyl methacrylate, water, and sodium lauryl sulfate at ambient temperature in the absence of a conventional initiator. The source of the free radical for the initiation process was found to come from the degradation of the sodium lauryl sulfate, presumably in the aqueous phase. The weight average molecular weight of the poly(methyl methacrylate) obtained varied from 2,500,000 to 3,500,000 g mol⁻¹, and the conversion for polymerization was up to 70%. Deviations from the Smith–Ewart kinetics were observed. The polymerization rate was found to be proportional to the acoustic intensity to the 0.98 power; to the argon gas flow rate to the 0.086 power; to the surfactant concentration to the 0.08 power, with the 0.035M–0.139M surfactant concentration range; and to the surfactant concentration to the 0.58 power, with the 0.139M–0.243M surfactant concentration range. The polymerization rate was found to increase with increasing initial monomer concentration up to a point where it became independent of initial monomer concentration. The polymer particle number generated per milliliter of water was found to be proportional to the acoustic intensity to the 1.23 power; to the argon gas flow rate to the 0.16 power; to the surfactant concentration to the 0.3 power, with the 0.035M–0.139M surfactant concentration range; and to the surfactant concentration to the 1.87 power, with the 0.139M–0.243M surfactant concentration range. The polymer weight average molecular weight was found to be proportional to the acoustic intensity to the 0.21 power, and to the argon gas flow rate to the 0.02 power. It was found to be inversely proportional to the surfactant concentration to the 0.12 and 0.34 power, with the 0.035M–0.139M and the 0.139M–0.243M surfactant concentration ranges, respectively. The polymer yield and polymerization rate were found to be much larger than those obtained from an ultrasonically initiated bulk polymerization method. The polymerization rates obtained at ambient temperature were found to be similar to or higher than those obtained from the conventional higher temperature thermal emulsion polymerization method. This investigation demonstrated the capability of ultrasound to both initiate and accelerate polymerization in the emulsion system, and to do this at a lower temperature that could offer substantial energy savings. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 797–825, 1999     

Role of Interfacial Debonding and Matrix Cracking in the Effective Thermal Diffusivity of Alumina-Fiber-Reinforced Chemical-Vapor-Infiltrated Silicon Carbide Matrix Composites

The thermal diffusivity of a biaxial weave alumina-fiberreinforced chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) SiC composite heated to 1500°C, which is above the manufacturing temperature, was found to exhibit an increase for heat flow parallel to the fiber plane, whereas a decrease was observed perpendicular to the fiber plane. The increase parallel to the fiber plane was thought to be due to the annealing of the fibers and matrix. The decrease perpendicular to the fiber plane was found to be the result of interfacial debonding and matrix cracking within the plane of the fibers.     

化工干燥设备的材料选用及其防腐蚀

由于在干燥过程中处理的物料各种各样,因此在干燥设备制造时,必须根据具体工况选用具体的材料,并落实相应的制造与安装方法。论述了化工干燥设备的材料选用,提出了化工干燥设备的防腐蚀措施。