真空挥发法脱除钼硫化后液中负二价硫的研究

采用真空挥发的方式将钼硫化后液中的游离负二价硫脱除.考察了铵硫比、挥发时间、温度、钨钼浓度等因素对硫挥发以及后续季铵盐萃取除钼的影响.结果表明,挥发温度和铵硫比是影响硫挥发率的重要因素.在真空度-80 kPa、挥发温度60 ℃、铵硫物质的量比大于3,可获得较优的硫挥发率;真空挥发过程中,铵分解产生的氢离子可促进钼的硫化反应,有利于钨钼分离.含钼溶液充分硫化反应后,采用真空挥发的操作,既可回收部分硫,还可在后续季铵盐萃取过程中获得更好的除钼效果;当溶液中铵浓度过高,真空挥发进行到一定程度时则会使部分钨结晶析出.      

CODS溶剂脱除高炉煤气中有机硫性能考察

为了研发脱除高炉煤气中有机硫的技术方法,以便优化利用钢铁厂的高炉煤气,降低高炉煤气用户的烟气硫含量,达到国家超低排放建议,以钢厂高炉煤气为原料,考察了高效复合脱硫有机溶剂(CODS)脱除有机硫和硫化氢的性能,对CODS溶剂的吸收工艺条件进行了优化,并分析了高炉煤气中有机硫的脱除机理。试验结果表明,在CODS溶剂浓度为45%、气液比(V_g/V_L)为180、操作温度为45 ℃的优化工艺条件下,净化气中的H₂S和有机硫浓度分别为2.4和15.8 mg/m3,总硫量为21.0 mg/m3,达到国家超低排放建议的同时又兼顾经济性。     

Purification of gases from sulfur compounds

It has been shown that Fe-Mn sorbents prepared on the basis of ferromanganese concretions of the Gulf of Finland possess a sufficiently high (≥15 wt %) capacity with respect to the sulfur compounds (H₂S, RSH, SO₂). The results obtained permit us to consider them as a new promising universal material for purifying gases from sulfur compounds in various industries. The advantages of Fe-Mn sorbents over other materials are the possibility of regeneration for repeated utilization, their high sorption capacity, and low cost.     

The preferential oxidation of orthorhombic sulfur during batch culture

The formation of sulfur is predicted by the current understanding of the mechanisms involved in mineral sulfide oxidation and observed in studies of the leaching products that accumulate on the surface of the mineral. Sulfur oxidising bacteria can exploit this energy source and can remove a potentially ‘rate-limiting’ diffusion barrier. In this study on the activity of sulfur oxidising bacteria cultured on mixed solid sulfur allotropes, it was observed that a heterogeneous culture preferentially oxidised the orthorhombic allotrope and no significant growth on the polymeric allotrope could be demonstrated.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定汽油中硫

使用航空煤油稀释汽油样品后,选择S 180.669 nm作为分析线,采用加氧制冷带挡板旋流雾室引入氧气并对雾化室进行冷却以消除积碳影响、保持等离子体的稳定,建立了使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定汽油中硫的方法。重点研究了稀释剂稀释比与氧气流量对检测结果的影响,确定了最佳分析条件,稀释剂稀释比例为1:9,氧气流量为80 mL/min。通过多元光谱拟合(MSF)校正了有机基体的干扰。方法的检出限为0.15 mg/kg。按照实验方法测定两个汽油样品中硫,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)均小于1%;按照实验方法和标准方法GB/T 11140-2008、SH/T 0689-08测定5个汽油样品中硫,测定结果相吻合。     

钼镍矿脱硫脱砷试验

钼镍矿多含有砷,在传统氧化焙烧脱砷阶段,不仅钼的挥发损失率高,且砷脱除效果差,导致生产的钼镍铁合金含砷超标。以钼镍精矿为原料,通过添加剂的加入,可在焙烧条件下达到高效脱砷的同时,脱除大部分硫,并降低钼的挥发率。     

Utilization of inorganic sulfur sources by Staphylococcus aureus strains

Staphylococcus aureus strains of different host-adapted variants (Meyer 1966) have been tested for their ability to use inorganic sulfur sources. All the 25 strains tested were able to utilize sodium sulfide as sulfur source in a medium similar to that described by Kloos and Pattee (1965). Using S. aureus strain 116/74 grown in a medium containing Na2-35S as the only sulfur source we studied incorporation and insertion of inorganic sulfide into sulfur containing amino acids. In disintegrated and fractionated cellular material we could find 35S labelled homocystine and methionine as major compounds, and cystine, cysteic acid, homocysteic acid, and beta-sulphopyruvate as minor compounds. The occurrence of homocystine and the sulfonic acids in bacterial proteins is rather uncommon.     

Interaction of alumina and alumomagnesium spinel nanoparticles with sulfur in model iron melts

The interaction of exogenous nanoparticles of refractory compounds Al₂O₃ and MgAl₂O₄ with model iron melts containing sulfur as a surfactant is studied. The choice of these nanoparticles and possible variants of sulfur removal from the melt in the form of S₂, SO₂, and H₂S are confirmed by thermodynamic calculations. The dependences of the degree of sulfur removal in the course of the heterophase interaction on the size factors (duration of isothermal storage after the addition of nanoparticles), the type of added nanoparticles, and the sulfur concentration in the model melts are studied. The degree of sulfur removal is 17–32 and 16–35 rel. % upon the introduction of Al₂O₃ and MgAl₂O₄ nanoparticles, respectively.     

低磷低钛低硫钢冶炼工艺技术创新集成和应用

针对低磷低钛低硫钢生产的控制难点，通过研究熔氧结合快速脱磷去钛技术、高效快速脱硫技术的研究与应用、精炼过程控钛脱氧技术开发与应用等多项新技术，集成应用，形成了一套成熟的低磷、低钛、低硫钢的冶炼工艺，解决了电炉脱磷去钛困难、石灰消耗高、合金化低磷合金消耗高、精炼过程增钛量大、脱硫难度大（出现换渣）、精炼周期波动大、冶炼成本高等问题，获得了钢水中极低的磷、钛、硫质量分数，电炉终点磷质量分数可达到0.004%以下，钛质量分数达到0.000 6%以下，成品磷质量分数不高于0.010%、钛质量分数不高于0.003%、硫质量分数不高于0.003%，钢水氢质量分数不高于0.000 15%、氧质量分数集中于0.001 1%~0.001 4%，实现了低磷、低钛、低硫高洁净钢的批量稳定生产，产品质量满足中高端用户要求。     

Interaction of exogenous zirconium oxide nanophases with sulfur and tin in nickel melts

The interaction of exogenous refractory compound (ZrO₂) nanoparticles with sulfur and tin, which are present as surfactants in model nickel melts, is studied. Thermodynamic calculations are performed to consider the versions of removal of sulfur and tin from a melt in the form of S₂, SO₂, H₂S, Sn, and SnO. It is shown that the probability of their removal under melting conditions is low. Their contents is found to decrease when ZrO₂ nanoparticles are introduced: the degree of removal is α = 12–18% S in a model Ni–S alloy and 14–20% Sn in a model Ni–Sn alloy.     

新疆某高硫高砷金精矿的预处理氰化浸金试验研究

对新疆某高硫高砷金精矿.加入ZOD助浸剂预处理后氰化浸出,金氰化浸出率由未经ZQD预处理的47.5%增加到89.1 %;加入固化剂CaO-Na2CO3二段焙烧(一段450℃,焙烧1h,二段650℃,焙烧2 h)后,再进行助浸预处理氰化,金氰化浸出率可达95.1%,硫固化率达到80.5%.     

The rate of absorption of nitrogen into liquid iron containing oxygen and sulfur

The rate of nitrogen absorption into and desorption from liquid iron containing sulfur and/or oxygen was measured by employing a constant-volume technique with a highly sensitive pressure transducer. Critical evaluation of the results demonstrated conclusively that the chemical rate at high oxygen or sulfur contents is second order with respect to nitrogen content in the metal and probably controlled by the dissociation of the nitrogen molecule on the surface. The effect of sulfur on the rate is complex because of the influence of 1) liquid-phase mass transfer at low sulfur contents, 2) the chemical rate on vacant iron sites at intermediate sulfur contents, and 3) the rate on the adsorbed sulfur layer or the limiting rate at high sulfur contents. However, at intermediate concentrations the limiting case for the adsorption isotherm for sulfur is adhered to and the rate is inversely proportional to the sulfur concentration. For Fe-O melts the rate is inversely proportional to the oxygen content except at low oxygen levels where mass transfer affects the rate. The rate for Fe-S-O melts can be calculated reasonably well from the results for the Fe-S and Fe-0 alloys, assuming that oxygen does not effect the adsorption of sulfur andvice versa and that there is nearly complete coverage of the surface with oxygen and sulfur atoms.     

硫含量对KR脱硫渣中硫赋存状态的影响

KR脱硫渣中的CaO是转炉冶炼工艺中重要的造渣原料,将其回用于钢铁冶炼工艺可降低冶金企业的CaO原料消耗,减少企业KR脱硫渣堆积量,节约企业冶炼的经济成本.KR脱硫渣中的2CaO·SiO2 (C2S)在转炉脱磷冶炼过程中可与炉渣中的磷形成稳定的2CaO· SiO2-3CaO· P2O5固溶体,提高磷在渣中的稳定性.将K...     

冷却速率对KR脱硫渣中硫析出行为的影响

KR脱硫渣中主要成分(CaO)为转炉冶炼的优质造渣原料,通过氧化性气氛将渣中硫脱除后可将其用于转炉冶炼.但由于炉渣冷却制度不同,渣中硫的析出行为和赋存状态会发生变化,对炉渣氧化脱硫效果产生影响.基于此,以合成渣的形式探究冷速对KR脱硫渣中硫析出行为的影响,旨在明确KR脱硫渣中硫赋存状态及析出行为与冷却速率的关系,为后续...     

含金银铜硫精矿综合回收试验研究

以某含金银铜复杂硫精矿为研究对象,进行了沸腾炉焙烧—酸浸—氰化浸出联合流程研究,考察了焙烧、烧渣除杂及金、银浸出等作业条件.结果表明:采用沸腾炉焙烧—酸浸—氰化浸出联合流程,可综合回收各有价元素;在最佳工艺条件下,焙烧硫回收率97.57％,酸浸铜浸出率66.45％、硫浸出率88.28％、砷浸出率50.70％,氰化浸出金...     

Cu2O处理黄金冶炼酸性废水中Cl-的试验研究

黄金冶炼企业产生的酸性废水一般采用石灰中和法处理后返回系统使用，但该方法的缺点是无法去除废水中的Cl^-。为消除Cl^-不断沉积带来的危害，针对冶炼酸性废水开展了试验研究。通常Cl^-的去除原理是利用其他阴离子替换Cl^-，或者将Cl^-与其他阳离子一并去除。利用Cu₂O作为沉淀剂，与Cl^-共同沉淀，以达到去除Cl^-的目的。为确定最佳试验条件，考察了在不同pH值、温度和Cu₂O用量情况下Cl^-的去除效果。试验结果表明：在室温条件下，当溶液pH值为0.5，Cu₂O用量为10 mg/L，反应时间为20 min时，可获得Cl^-去除率达95%以上的良好效果。结果证明，利用Cu₂O能够有效去除黄金冶炼酸性废水中的Cl^-，且生成的Cu₂O沉淀在酸性废水中稳定存在，易于过滤去除。在实际生产工艺中，Cu₂O也实现了循环除氯，节约了生产成本，为同类型企业去除酸性废水中Cl^-提供了参考。     

硫酸钡重量法测定硫磺包芯线中硫

试样以过氧化钠-无水碳酸钠熔融,以蒸馏水浸取,将氢氧化物及磷酸盐等沉淀过滤除去,滤液以盐酸中和变为微酸性,加入氯化钡溶液使硫酸根定量生成硫酸钡沉淀,将沉淀过滤、灰化、灼烧、称量,计算硫的质量分数,从而实现了硫酸钡重量法对硫磺包芯线中硫含量的测定。研究表明:稀释比为40∶1,700 ℃熔融15 min,硫转化完全。沉淀条件表明:在0.5%～1%盐酸(体积分数)及微沸搅拌状态下缓缓加入氯化钡溶液,75～85 ℃温度下陈化1 h即可得到稳定准确的结果。方法用于实际样品分析,结果同GB/T 2449—2006(工业硫磺 差减法)测定值一致,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)小于0.20%。实验方法具有相对节约时间、实验室配置条件要求较低及成本较低的特点,更适用于硫磺包芯线中硫含量的常规检测。     

Grain boundary segregation of sulfur in iron

This paper reports a study of grain boundary segregation of sulfur in iron. The results show that if the amount of sulfur in the alloy is greater than the solubility limit, the amount of segregation increases with increasing ageing temperature. When the temperature is raised above the point where all sulfur goes into solution, the amount of segregation decreases with increasing temperature. These results can be explained quite straightforwardly by McLean's model for segregation. However, at high bulk concentrations. Auger analysis may be difficult because the signal obtained from a grain boundary facet will arise from a combination of segregated sulfur and precipitated sulfur.     

Sulfur Flow Analysis for New Generation Steel Manufacturing Process

Sulfur flow for new generation steel manufacturing process is analyzed by the method of material flow analysis, and measures for SO2 emission reduction are put forward as assessment and target intervention of the results. The results of sulfur flow analysis indicate that 90 % of sulfur comes from fuels. Sulfur finally discharges from the steel manufacturing route in various steps, and the main point is BF and BOF slag desulfurization. In sintering process, the sulfur is removed by gasification, and sintering process is the main source of SO2 emission. The sulfur content of coke oven gas （COG） is an important factor affecting SO2 emission. Therefore, SO2 emission reduction should be started from the optimization and integration of steel manufacturing route, sulfur burden should be reduced through energy saving and consumption reduction, and the sulfur content of fuel should be controlled. At the same time, BF and BOF slag desulfurization should be optimized further and coke oven gas and sintering exhausted gas desulfurization should be adopted for SO2 emission reduction and reuse of resource, to achieve harmonic coordination of economic, social, and environmental effects for sustainable development.     

铁水复合喷吹脱硫生产低硫钢的实践

结合复合喷吹脱硫的工艺特点,分析确定转炉出钢回硫的原因主要受铁水及脱硫渣、原材料带入硫的影响。通过控制原材料硫含量,提高品位,选择合适的喷吹速度、合理控制脱硫剂配比,合理控制喷吹罐压力及助吹气体压力,调整喷枪插入铁水液面的深度,对脱硫扒渣工艺进行优化;调整扒渣板的角度和透气砖的安装高度,对扒渣设备进行攻关。对脱硫工艺条件和转炉冶炼进行规范,通过全工序控制的方法,有效控制转炉钢液回硫的现象,实现了低硫出钢的目标,转炉钢液回硫质量分数控制在25×10-6以内,出钢w(S)稳定在40×10-6以内。