水产品中三聚氰胺的快速检测方法

建立高效液相色谱法快速检测水产品中三聚氰胺的方法。样品采用50%甲醇水+1%三氯乙酸(3+1)振荡提取,高速离心后过滤进行HPLC测定。三聚氰胺在0.2μg/mL～10.0μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数0.9989,加标水平在0.5mg/kg～10mg/kg范围内,回收率为85%～91%,相对标准偏差4.2%～6.4%,方法的检出限为0.5mg/kg。该方法与固相萃取前处理方法相比,过程简便、快速准确。     

大米蛋白粉中三聚氰酸及其类似物的硅烷衍生化GC-MS检测方法研究

建立一种简单、快速、准确同时测定大米蛋白粉中三聚氰胺及其类似物三聚氰酸、三聚氰胺一酰胺、三聚氰胺二酰胺的方法。样品经二乙胺- 水- 乙腈(1:4:5,V/V)超声提取30min 后,提取液于70℃条件下氮气吹干,在吡啶介质中经甲基硅烷化衍生后采用气相色谱- 质谱仪测定(内标法定量)。此方法检测限为0.5mg/kg、线性相关系数(20～1000μg/L 范围内)不小于0.9989;当加标量为1.0～5.0mg/kg 时,平均回收率为72.01%～96.45%、相对标准偏差不大于6.3%。此方法可用于大米蛋白粉中三聚氰酸及其类似物的检测。     

Au@Ag NPs表面增强拉曼快速测定奶粉中的三聚氰胺

建立表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测奶粉中三聚氰胺的方法。基于溶剂萃取法,利用乙腈对奶粉中的三聚氰胺进行提取,制备银包金溶胶(Au@Ag NPs)作为增强基底,并优化增强基底的条件来获得最佳拉曼信号。用乙腈提取三聚氰胺,将5mol/L NaCl和1mol/L NaOH的混合溶液作为凝聚剂,使Au@Ag NPs与三聚氰胺分子紧密结合后检测,可获得响应最强的表面增强拉曼(surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy,SERS)信号。三聚氰胺在奶粉中的的检出限为0.008 5 mg/kg,回收率在71.07%～91.15%,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.52%～4.22%。该方法可用于奶粉中三聚氰胺的快速检测。     

高效液相色谱法测定鸡蛋中三聚氰胺

建立采用固相萃取净化,高效液相色谱法测定鸡蛋中三聚氰胺含量的方法。样品采用三氯乙酸和乙酸铅溶液提取,优化样品提取时间、色谱柱及固相萃取柱,最终确定为样品提取20min、采用TC-C18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm)色谱柱和PCX固相萃取柱。采用紫外检测器,检测波长为240nm,流动相为乙腈:辛烷磺酸钠-柠檬酸缓冲液(10:90,V/V),流速1.0mL/min,进样量20μL,外标法定量。三聚氰胺在1～50μg/mL范围内,具有良好的线性关系(R2=1),在添加质量浓度为5～20mg/kg范围内,三聚氰胺添加回收率在72.8%～87.6%,RSD(n=6)为1.5%～4.0%,最低检测限为0.54mg/kg。     

超高效液相色谱法测定动物源性食品中的三聚氰胺

建立动物源性食品中三聚氰胺含量测定的超高效液相色谱法。鸡蛋样品用1% 三氯乙酸- 乙腈(3:1,V/V)溶液提取、离心、固相萃取柱净化,然后采用CR 色谱柱(阳离子交换填料SCX 与C18 包被型填料按质量比1:4 混合)进行超高效液相色谱分析。兔肉样品用乙腈提取,离心后以强阳离子色谱柱进行超高效液相色谱分析。对色谱条件进行优化,选用236nm 作为检测波长,鸡蛋中三聚氰胺在浓度为1.00～5.00mg/L 的范围内线性关系良好,在添加浓度为1.00、2.00、5.00mg/kg 时,添加回收率在89.24%～91.06% 之间,RSD 小于6.00％。对于兔肉中三聚氰胺浓度在0.4～4mg/L 的范围内线性良好,在添加浓度为2.00、5.00、10.00mg/kg 时,添加回收率在82.65%～86.54% 之间,RSD 小于7.50%。该方法简便、快速,检测灵敏度、准确度及精密度均满足检测要求。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测芹菜和土壤中灭蝇胺及其代谢物三聚氰胺残留

目的建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定芹菜和土壤中灭蝇胺及其代谢物三聚氰胺残留的分析方法。方法样品以甲醇:水=4:1(V:V)混合溶液提取,经混合阳离子固相萃取柱净化,亲水作用色谱柱分离,以10mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,通过电喷雾离子源正离子检测模式和多重反应监测模式测定,同位素内标法定量。结果灭蝇胺和三聚氰胺在0.01～1.0 mg/L范围内线性关系均较好,检出限为8.16×10–6～6.91×10–5 mg/kg,在0.01、0.1和1.0 mg/kg 3个添加水平下,方法回收率在81.96%～108.81%,相对标准偏差为2.83%～6.19%(n=5)。结论该方法简单、快速、准确,适合用于芹菜和土壤中灭蝇胺及其代谢物三聚氰胺的定性和定量检测。     

牛羊肉中三聚氰胺的HPLC快速检测

建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测牛、羊肉中三聚氰胺的检测方法。样品经1% 三氯乙酸- 乙腈(3:1,V/V)提取,利用阳离子交换固相萃取柱净化后,洗脱液于50℃条件下用氮气吹干,残渣用离子对试剂缓冲液- 乙腈(90:10,V/V)溶解,用高效液相色谱法由紫外检测器检测、外标法定量。结果表明,三聚氰胺在0.2～80μg/mL 质量浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数(R2)为0.9999,其检出限为0.05mg/kg。在牛肉样品中,三聚氰胺的平均回收率为81.73%～83.35%,相对标准偏差为0.97%～1.95%;在羊肉样品中,三聚氰胺的平均回收率为80.95%～82.95%,相对标准偏差为0.70%～2.32%。本方法具有操作快捷、灵敏度高、重现性好等优点。     

HPLC-PAD外标法及UPLC-MS/MS内标法测定乳及乳制品中三聚氰胺的含量

分别建立高效液相色谱-二极管阵列法(HPLC-PAD)、超高压液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定乳及乳制品中三聚氰胺含量的方法。利用HPLC-PAD外标法进行样品中三聚氰胺的初筛,利用UPLC-MS/MS法进行确证,以13C315N3-三聚氰胺为同位素内标定量。乳制品经乙腈、乙酸锌、盐酸溶液提取,质谱检测时,样品再经MCX固相萃取柱富集净化。HPLC-PAD法的定量限为4mg/kg,UPLC-MS/MS的定量限为0.05mg/kg;HPLC-PAD的添加回收率为95.7%～102.3%,UPLC-MS/MS的添加回收率为91.3%～95.7%(基质匹配曲线校正),两种方法的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.98%～4.51%,1.60%～3.27%。     

酶联免疫吸附法快速测定不同样品 基质中三聚氰胺

目的 探求不同样品基质中三聚氰胺残留量的快速检测方法.为快速筛查不同种类食品中非法添加三聚氰胺提供技术保障.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法在奶制品(奶粉、液态奶)、成品饲料(鸡饲料、猪饲料)、饲料原料(鱼粉、肉骨粉、豆粕、麸皮)、肉类(鸡肉、猪肉、内脏)等样品基质中添加一定浓度的三聚氰胺进行测定,并对检测结果进行分析.结果 酶联免疫试剂盒对奶制品和肉类检出限均能达到1.0 mg/kg;对成品饲料基质中的三聚氰胺的检测,检出限可达到2 mg/kg,而对饲料原料中的三聚氰胺的检测,检出限都不能达到2 mg/kg.结论 对奶制品中的三聚氰胺检测完全符合我国的临时限量标准;对成品饲料中的三聚氰胺残留的检测同样符合其限量标准(2.5 mg/kg),而对饲料原料中的三聚氰胺的检测,由于不同基质中检出限不同,不能直接采用酶联免疫法进行快速筛查;酶联免疫法也适用于肉类中的三聚氰胺的检测.     

液相色谱串联质谱法测定蛋及蛋制品中三聚氰胺残留

本文建立了液相色谱串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定蛋及蛋制品中三聚氰胺残留量的方法,优化了样品前处理方法及液相色谱串联质谱测定条件。采用1%三氯乙酸提取,亚铁氰化钾和乙酸锌沉淀蛋白质、脂肪等物质,固相萃取小柱净化,液相色谱串联质谱检测。结果表明：在优化条件下,本方法测定三聚氰胺在0～3.0mg/kg范围内线性良好,其线性方程为y=12 342x＋242.73,相关系数R2=0.998 4,方法检出限和定量限分别为0.01mg/kg和0.05mg/kg,加标回收率为60.0%～85.0%。该方法可满足蛋及蛋制品中三聚氰胺残留量的检测要求。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the