Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and dimensional stability of ZL114A aluminum alloy

The effects of heat treatment process on microstructure,micro-yield strength and dynamic dimensional stability of ZL114A aluminum alloy were investigated by optical microscopy(OM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),tensile testing and thermal cycling on-line measuring method.Fine dispersed eutectic Si phases are observed,and long strip eutectic Si and massive primary Si phases decrease in ZL114A alloy after high-temperature and long-time solution treatment,which result in the increase of micro-plastic deformation resistance.With the increasing of aging temperature,aging precipitation behaviour of ZL114A alloy transforms from precipitation of GP zone and β' phases simultaneously at lower temperature to precipitation of stable Mg2Si phases at higher temperature.Because coherent strengthening is the main strengthen mechanism for micro-plastic deformation,precipitation of stable Mg2Si phases is unfavorable to the improvement of micro-plastic deformation resistance.Micro-yield strength cannot characterize dimensional stability comprehensively,and dynamic dimensional stability under alternative temperature should also be tested cooperatively for better evaluation of dimensional stability.     

EFFECT OF PREPARATION CONDITION ON THERMAL EXPANSION ANISOTROPY FOR AMORPHOUS Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9 ALLOY

The thermal expansion along the longitudinal and transverse directions for amorphousFe_(78)B_(13)Si_9 alloy prepared under various preparing conditions were investigated.The thermalexpansion anisotropy appears in all specimens.The expansion along the longitudinal directionis less than that along the transverse direction.The cooling rate,the melt temperature beforejet casting and the cycling temperature affect the thermal expansion coefficients andanisotropy.The amisotropy of thermal expansion originates from the orientation of atomicinteraction force,the atomic oscillatory frequency and short range order structure or thedirectional arrangement of defects in the alloy.     

挤压态AM30镁合金的动态力学行为及变形机制

采用分离式Hopkinson压杆和反射式拉杆装置在室温对挤压态AM30镁合金进行动态压缩和拉伸试验,分析AM30镁合金在沿挤压方向(ED)和横向(TD)压缩和拉伸时的变形机制,计算AM30镁合金在ED和TD方向压缩和拉伸时的应变速率敏感系数,并通过SEM观察断口形貌。结果表明:沿ED方向压缩时,拉伸孪晶{1012}1120是主要变形机制,屈服强度对应变速率不敏感;沿ED方向拉伸以及TD方向压缩和拉伸时,拉伸孪晶不能启动,位错滑移参与变形,应变速率敏感系数提高;AM30镁合金在ED方向表现出很强的拉压不对称性,压缩/拉伸屈强比约为0.38,在TD方向则无明显的拉压不对称性;AM30镁合金在动态压缩和拉伸时断口形貌呈韧脆混合的断裂特征。     

球面滑履冷挤压模脱模装置的改进设计研究

介绍一种高精度球面滑履零件冷成形模具,在实际应用中该模具能实现滑履成形,但模芯经常断裂,而且滑履挤压件的薄壁端口发生微塑变形.通过对模芯断裂和顶出变形分析,将模芯由台阶配合改作锥面配合,并将模具脱模机构改成梯度脱模,从而很好地解决了模芯断裂和挤压件顶出变形的问题.有效保护模具和保证挤压件尺寸精度,具有较高的应用价值.     

LY12合金微屈服与宏观屈服性能差异的探讨

研究了LY12合金微屈服与宏观屈服性能差异及热处理对它们的影响。结果表明：两范围内的屈服机制不同;时效处理时微、宏观屈服强度变化趋势相似,均有"峰时效"现象;而循环处理时,两者却有不同的变化规律。     

制备条件对非晶态Fe78B13Si9合金的热膨胀各向异性的影响

本文研究了不同条件下形成的非易态Fe_(78)B_(13)Si_9合金在长轴和短轴方向上的热膨胀。结果表明,在所有条件下均存在热膨胀的各向异性。热膨胀系数随着冷却速度的增加而增加,但其各向异性减小;随着熔体喷铸温度的提高两者均减小。在热循环的作用下,短轴方向的热膨胀系数及其各向异性均减小;而在长轴方向的热膨胀系数却增大。我们认为热膨胀各向异性来源于原子交互作用力的方向性、原子振动频率和短程有序结构或缺陷的方向性。     

2A12铝合金退火塑性低原因分析

2A12铝合金拉伸试样退火后塑性低,为找到原因,采用光谱仪、硬度计、金相显微镜以及扫描电镜对拉伸试样化学成分、硬度、显微组织及断口形貌进行检测和分析。结果表明:热挤压棒料存在各向异性,纵向和横向塑性差异较大,取样时采用横向拉伸试样代替纵向拉伸试样,是造成退火后塑性低的根本原因。     

Thermal expansion and dimensional stability of unidirectional and orthogonal fabric M40/AZ91D composites

Unidirectional (60%, volume fraction) and orthogonal (50%, volume fraction) M40 graphite fibre reinforced AZ91D magnesium alloy matrix composites were fabricated by pressure infiltration method. The coefficients of thermal expansion (in the temperature range of 20-350 ℃) and dimensional stability (in the temperature range of 20-150 ℃) of the composites and the corresponding AZ91D magnesium alloy matrix were measured. The results show that coefficients of thermal expansion of the composites in longitudinal direction decrease with elevating temperature. The coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) for unidirectional M40/AZ91D composites and orthogonal M40/AZ91D composites are 1.24×10-6 ℃-1 and 5.71×10-6 ℃-1 at 20 ℃, and 0.85×10-6 ℃-1 and 2.75×10-6 ℃-1 at 350 ℃, respectively, much lower than those of the AZ91D alloy matrix. Thermal cycling testing demonstrates that the thermal stress plays an important role on residual deformation. Thus, a better dimensional stability is obtained for the AZ91D magnesium alloy matrix composites. More extreme strain hysteresis and residual plastic deformation are observed in orthogonally fabric M40 reinforced AZ91D composite, but its net residual strain after each cycle is similar to that of the unidirectional M40/AZ91D composite.     

Effects of aging in electric field on 2024 alloy

The effect of heat treatment in an electric field on micro-plastic deformation characteristics of 2024 Al alloy was investigated. The mechanism of aging in an electric field affecting the micro-plastic deformation behavior was preliminarily discussed. The results show that the resistance to micro-plastic deformation of the alloy can be greatly increased by aging in an electric field. Aging temperature, aging time and electric field strength are selected by adopting the orthogonal design method and the optimum technological parameters are obtained.     

热循环对Ti-6Al-4V合金显微组织与疲劳性能的影响

对Ti-6Al-4V轧制板材依次进行了920_oC, 800_oC, 850_oC, 900_oC四次热循环,研究了材料在每次热循环后的显微组织及微观织构的演变,并对热循环前后的拉伸和旋转弯曲疲劳性能进行了比较。结果表明,原材料中存在的长条a相发生再结晶后趋于等轴化,其组织不均匀性在920_oC,800_oC两次热循环后得到根本性改善,再经历850_oC, 900_oC两次热循环后,初生a相进一步等轴化并稍有长大,其体积分数维持稳定。原材料具有较强的横向织构,有多个平行于轧制方向的宏观带存在,导致了轧向的疲劳性能优于横向,中值疲劳极限分别为497MPa/474MPa。热循环后横向织构强度有所减弱,并且出现了一定程度的(0001)基面织构。经历4次热循环后,材料的显微组织发生粗化,拉伸强度降低了约20MPa,轧向/横向的中值疲劳极限下降至441MPa/441MPa。     

高应变速率下AZ31镁合金的各向异性及拉压不对称性

采用分离式霍普金森拉杆及压杆装置,研究挤压态AZ31镁合金高速变形下的各向异性及拉压不对称性,并从微观变形机制的角度探讨具有强烈初始基面织构的挤压态镁合金各向异性及拉压不对称性产生的原因。结果表明:在高速变形条件下,依据加载方向及应力状态挤压态AZ31镁合金的拉伸行为表现出很强的各向异性,但压缩行为的各向异性不明显;在挤压方向表现出很强的拉压不对称性,而在垂直于挤压方向的拉压不对称性很低。挤压态AZ31镁合金宏观上的各向异性及拉压不对称性是由于不同的微观变形机制所引起的。沿挤压方向拉伸的主要变形机制为柱面滑移,沿垂直于挤压方向拉伸及压缩的主要变形机制为锥面滑移;沿挤压方向压缩时初始变形机制为拉伸孪晶,当变形量为0.08(8%)左右时由于孪晶消耗殆尽,变形变而以滑移的方式进行。     

Induced magnetic anisotropy and structure of nanocrystalline Fe-Co-Cu-Nb-Si-B alloys with different content of Co: I. Stress-annealing-induced magnetic anisotropy and its thermal stability

It is shown that the substitution of Co for Fe in the amorphous Fe_73.5Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ alloy leads to the change in the type of magnetic anisotropy induced in the alloy as a result of a thermomechanical treatment at 520°C. The type of the induced magnetic anisotropy determines the functional characteristics of these alloys as soft magnetic materials. With the content of Co in the alloy equal to 10 at % Co, there is induced a magnetic anisotropy with the direction of the easy axis across the ribbon axis (transverse induced magnetic anisotropy), just as in the alloy without Co. Upon the introduction of 20–30 at % Co into the alloy, the induced magnetic anisotropy becomes longitudinal, with the easy-axis direction along the ribbon axis. The thermal stability of the magnetic properties of the alloys with induced magnetic anisotropy has been investigated.     

T5态7N01铝合金挤压型材的组织及拉伸性能各向异性

对T5热处理状态下的7N01铝合金挤压型材进行微观组织观察和拉伸强度测试。试验结果表明,7N01型材显微组织存在一定程度上的不均匀以及各向异性,沿挤压方向上的晶粒被拉长形成形变织构。这种形变织构能够更有效地抵抗挤压方向上的塑性变形,因此沿挤压方向的强度比垂直于挤压方向高,伸长率下降约2%。7N01铝合金挤压型材在室温抗拉强度约为368 MPa,屈服强度约为318 MPa,综合性能表现良好。     

热轧TB2钛合金织构多晶板动态压缩性能的各向异性

利用Instron 电子拉伸机和分离式霍普金生压杠(SHPB)实验装置, 研究了准静态和动态压缩条件下热轧TB2钛合金织构多晶板的力学性能。对TB2钛合金板材的轧向、横向以及轧制平面内与轧向成45°等3个方向进行了压缩实验, 得到了不同应变速率下的应力-应变曲线。结果表明：热轧TB2钛合金板材不同方向上的流变应力均随应变速率的增加而增加, 表现出明显的应变速率强化效应。准静态和动态力学性能均表现出各向异性, 且准静态和动态压缩行为规律不一致。考虑准静态和动态变形时可能的塑性变形机制, 基于微观晶体塑性变形理论, 定性讨论了热轧织构多晶TB2钛合金板屈服强度的各向异性     

Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and Texture Evolution of Mg-Al-Zn-La-Gd-Y Magnesium Alloy by Hot Extrusion and Multi-Pass Rolling

A high-ductility Mg-8.10Al-0.42Zn-0.51Mn-1.52La-1.10Gd-0.86Y (wt%) alloy was developed by hot extrusion and multi-rolling processes. Relationships between microstructure, mechanical properties and texture evolution of the extruded and rolled alloy were investigated. The rolling process had significant effect on grain refinement of the extruded plate. The grain size reduced from 12.3 to 4.9 μm with the increasing rolling pass. With the increase in rolling pass, the proportion of dynamic recrystallized (DRXed) grains increases due to particle-stimulated nucleation, grain boundary nucleation and twin induced nucleation. In the process of multiple rolling, the basal pole gradually tilted from normal direction to transverse direction due to the asymmetric deformation and irregular grain deformation, resulting in the weakening of the base texture. The results showed that grain refinement and texture weakening were the main reasons for the good ductility of the alloy.     

AZ31镁合金挤压板材的中温变形机理及软化机制(英文)

研究AZ31镁合金挤压板材在473～523K的温度范围内。应变速率0.001～1.0s-1压缩时的流变应力行为,计算板材沿挤压方向压缩时的激活能,并结合光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜探讨合金软化机制和变形机理之间的联系。结果表明,在中温下沿挤压方向压缩时,AZ31挤压态镁合金的变形激活能为174.18kJ/mol。这说明,由热激活位错交滑移所控制的动态再结晶是合金中温变形的主要软化机制。位错滑移是中温变形的主要变形机理,而孪生的作用则不大。其主要的动态再结晶机制为持续动态再结晶,并伴随少量的孪生动态再结晶。     

热循环对20％／SiCW／6061Al复合材料尺寸稳定性的影响

通过测量20％（体积分数）SiCW/6061Al复合材料热循环（25℃→300℃→25℃）的尺寸变化,研究了复合材料的热循环尺寸稳定性。结果表明,复合材料尺寸稳定性直接与晶须的限向方式有关。如果晶须取向为混乱分布,热循环后复合材料的尺寸变化不明显。当晶须取向为定向排列时,热循环可造成复合材料的沿晶须方向的尺寸增大,同时垂直晶须方向尺寸减小。     

Effect of heat treatment on tensile and fatigue deformation behavior of extruded Al-12 wt%Si alloy

This study investigated the effect of heat treatment on tensile and high-cycle fatigue deformation behavior of extruded Al-12 wt%Si alloy. The material used in this study was extruded at a ratio of 17.7: 1 through extrusion process. To identify the effects of heat treatment, T6 heat treatment (515 °C/1 h, water quenching, and then 175 °C/10 h) was performed. Microstructural observation identified Si phases aligned in the extrusion direction in both extruded alloy (F) and heat treated alloy (T6). The average grain size of F alloy was 8.15 °C, and that of T6 alloy was 8.22 °C. Both alloys were composed of Al matrix, Si, Al₂Cu, Al₃Ni and AlFeSi phases. As T6 heat treatment was applied, Al₂Cu phases became more finely and evenly distributed. Tensile results confirmed that yield strength increased from 119.0 MPa to 329.0 MPa, ultimate tensile strength increased from 226.8 MPa to 391.4 MPa, and the elongation decreased from 16.1% to 5.0% as T6 heat treatment was applied. High-cycle fatigue results represented F alloy’s fatigue limit as 185 MPa and T6 alloy’s fatigue limit as 275 MPa, indicating that high-cycle fatigue properties increased significantly as heat treatment was conducted. Through tensile and fatigue fracture surface analysis, this study considered the deformation behaviors of extruded and heat treated Al-Si alloys in relation to their microstructures.     

The tensile response and fracture behavior of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy: Influence of temperature

A high-performance, high-strength, and novel AI-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy in the T7751 condition was deformed to failure in laboratory air environment at ambient and elevated temperatures. Temperature influenced the tensile response of the alloy for both the longitudinal and transverse orientations. Strength decreased with an increase in test temperature, with a concomitant improvement in ductility. Test results indicate the alloy response to be the same for both the longitudinal and transverse orientations. No major change in the macroscopic fracture mode was observed with the direction of testing. Tensile fracture, on a microscopic scale, revealed features reminiscent of both ductile and brittle mechanisms. The microscopic fracture behavior was a function of test temperature. The mechanisms and intrinsic micromechanisms governing the tensile fracture process are discussed in terms of mutually interactive influences of microstructural effects, matrix deformation characteristics, test temperature, and grain boundary failure.     

织构对Zr-4合金低周寿命的影响

采用XRD测定了Zr-4合金板材的织构，用拉扭试验机分别测试了Zr-4合金板材在室温时轧向（R试样，拉伸轴平行于轧向）和横向（T试样，拉伸轴平行于横向）的低周疲劳性能，用TEM研究了Zr-4合金的疲劳亚结构。结果表明：Zr-4合金板材存在明显的织构：轧向的低周疲劳性能高于横向；在循环变形过程中，只有部分晶粒发生了塑性变形，发生塑性变形的晶粒内存在着许多位错和滑移线，T试样中的位错和滑移线比R试样更稠密。板材织构造成了R试样和T试样的低周疲劳寿命。