装载机轮胎打滑的原因及其应对措施

在轮式装载机工作过程中,有时会发生轮胎打滑现象.所谓打滑,是指轮胎在路面上滑移或滑转.此时,装载机的牵引力急剧下降,轮胎磨损,装载机无法正常工作.从车辆的运动学和动力学方面解释了造成轮胎打滑的根本原因,说明了打滑的种类及造成的危害.论述了避免轮胎打滑的应对措施,其中包括对两侧和单侧轮胎打滑,以及因存在寄生功率而使轮胎打滑时应采取的不同措施.     

轮式装载机第十一讲 轮胎的结构与选用

轮胎是轮式装载机的支承、导向和行走装置,还具有缓和冲击的作用。装载机的生产率与装载能力的发挥,在很大程度上取决于轮胎的正确选择与使用;同时,轮胎的价格约占装载机总成本的15%,使用寿命又很短,因此,正确选用和保养轮胎,是降低装载机作业成本的一个重要因素。一、轮胎的构造目前,装载机用轮胎有斜交、带束斜交和子午线三种。有内胎斜交轮胎由内胎、外胎和垫带组成。内胎是一个封闭橡胶囊,充气后使外胎紧压在轮辋上,并保持弹性作用。外胎(图11-1)主要由胎面、胎侧、帘布层、缓冲层和钢丝胎圈等组成。帘布层3是外胎的     

工程机械轮胎的使用与维护

对工程机械轮胎的使用与维护进行探讨,根据轮胎磨损的形式,分析轮胎磨损的原因并提出延长轮胎使用寿命的措施,为预防轮胎早期损坏、保证施工安全、提高轮式工程机械的效率提供参考。     

轮胎夹抱器

目前,国内外汽车和工程机械制造业飞速发展,与此密切相关的轮胎制造业也在蓬勃发展。轮胎的拆装、运输以及码放,特别是对矿用大型设备轮胎的拆装、运输,通常需要多种车辆及人工进行联合操作,配合困难,流程繁琐,工作效率低。现在国内普遍使用的轮胎夹抱器大多是以装载机或汽车起重机为主机的国外进口产品。     

轮胎变形对装载机静态一级稳定性的影响

本文在静态稳定性研究的基础上。通过分析装载机直线状态一级失稳过程中轮胎的受力与变形,导出了计入变形的一级失稳坡度角计算方法,分析了轮胎变形对静态横向一级稳定性和纵向稳定性的影响。     

工程机械轮胎的正确使用与维护

轮胎是工程机械行驶系的主要部件之一,用于轮胎上的维修费用约占工程机械正常维修费用的25%。其性能的优劣直接影响工程机械的牵引性、通过性、稳定性、安全性及舒适性等。因此,能否正确使用和维护,防止轮胎早期损坏对节约成本、提高机械使用效益和保证工程机械安全都有重要意义。1 工程机械轮胎使用时的注意事项1.1注意严格控制轮胎的负荷轮胎负荷是根据轮胎的结构、帘布层数的强度以及使用气压和速度等,经过计算才确定的。轮胎承受的负荷、变形增大,胎体所承受的应力就相应增加,胎面与路面的接触面增大,相对滑移加剧,磨损加快。特别是…     

浅析减少农机轮胎磨损的有效防护措施

轮胎是农机行走系的重要部件,也是农机使用过程中颇占成本的一项耗材,因使用不当导致轮胎不正常磨损,将直接影响到农机各种使用性能的发挥,根据多年工作经验总结了减少农机轮胎磨损的一些防护措施,以供参考。     

国内外有关文献摘要

露天轮胎式装载机(之一)《国外采矿》长沙矿山研究院编译72.12.本文系统地介绍了轮胎装载机在国外露天矿的使用情况和发展趋势;简要介绍国外在减少轮胎磨损和延长轮胎寿命所进行的研究和成果;并对装载机基本结构作     

轮胎的非正常磨损及对策

轮胎是车辆与地面惟一有接触部件,要研究轮胎非正常磨损就得从轮胎的气压、负荷、安装、选配和四轮定位和驾驶操作等方面分析导致轮胎非正常磨损原因及其后果,提出了延长轮胎使用寿命的措施。     

延长轮胎使用寿命的主要措施

轮胎的性能与轮式机械的牵引性、稳定性、安全性、舒适性、通用性、经济性等密切相关。据统计,轮胎的维修费用约占整台机械正常维修费用的1／5。分析影响轮胎使用寿命的原因并采取相应的措施,对防止轮胎早期磨损、延长使用寿命、节约成本、提高其使用效益和保证安全作业等都具有现实意义。     

装载机遥控作业的理论分析

在施工人员无法进入的恶劣环境施工,需对施工机械进行遥控作业。本文从机械传动理论角度,对装载机实现无人驾驶遥控作业做了探讨,推算了铲斗运动的位置矢量和姿态矢量、铲斗的空间作业状态。本文的计算式为应用电子计算机遥控装载机作业,实现自动控制提供了理论基础。     

智能装载机减阻插入铲取控制策略

本文阐述了智能装载机减阻插入铲取的思想。分析了铲斗的受力，在此基础上提出了一种减阻插入的方法，并对打滑的处理作了必要的说明。简述了一个智能减阻插入操作的工作流程。最后，介绍了本方法的应用情况。     

"街舞之王"——试驾浙江濠泰HT65A型滑移装载机

滑移装载机,是一款利用两侧车轮线速度差而实现车辆转向的轮式通用底盘,采用轮式行走机构,全轮驱动,滑移转向,可在作业现场随机快速更换或挂接各种工作装置,以适应不同的工作环境和作业内容的小型工程机械产品。由于其出众的机动性和灵活性,在工程机械行业被赋予"街舞之王"的美誉。     

装载机工作装置八杆机构优化设计

在四杆机构运动分析的基础上,本文阐述了装载机工作装置八杆机构的优化设计。着重讨论了八杆机构优化设计数学模型的建立以及运用优化理论求解该模型问题;编制了相应的优化程序;并通过生产实例验证了本优化设计方法正确性和程序运行的可靠性。     

不做“追随者”——专访常林956型装载机主设计师、常林装载机研发所所长包振义

956型装载机作为常林5吨级装载机的主导产品之一，堪称全新一代高性价比产品。它由设计师消化吸收常林现有的成熟技术及结构而设计开发，也是常林近50年来设计、生产、使用装载机经验的结晶，具有整机性能好、作业效率高、使用可靠、维护保养方便、操作手安全舒适等诸多优点，特别适合重载作业，也能适应松散物料的铲装，让常林一改5吨级装载机研发“追随者”的角色。本期“设计师”栏目，让我们走进常林装载机产品研发所，对话956型装载机主设计师包振义，分享这款经典产品的研发故事以及他们的设计经验。     

ENVIRONMENTAL AND STRUCTURAL IMPLICATIONS FOR THE RE-USE OF TYRES IN FLUVIAL AND MARINE-CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

There is increasing interest in reclaiming tyres for use in bank-side and coastal-protection structures. However, concern has been expressed about the potential for tyres to release pollutants into the environment and to retain their long-term structural stability. This paper describes laboratory leaching tests for heavy metals from new used tyres and tyres which have been exposed to an aquatic environment for thirteen years. The results show that the limiting factor to their use could be cadmium release. Tests found evidence of the loss of ultraviolet screening agents such as carbon black, suggesting that chemical breakdown of the tyre through leaching of vulcanising chemicals is more significant in the physical breakdown of the tyre, than the reverse. Three case studies of tyre flood-protection and river-control structures are presented, which examine the ability of tyres to retain structural integrity over long periods. Based on this evidence, guidance on design principles is offered. It is concluded that tyres can be used sustainably in a river or coastal environment, subject to careful consideration of local site conditions.     

Properties and toxicological effects of particles from the interaction between tyres, road pavement and winter traction material

In regions where studded tyres and traction material are used during winter, e.g. the Nordic countries, northern part of USA, Canada, and Japan, mechanically generated particles from traffic are the main reason for high particle mass concentrations in busy street and road environments. In many Nordic municipalities the European environmental quality standard for inhalable particles (PM(10)) is exceeded due to these particles. In this study, particles from the wear of studded and studless friction tyres on two pavements and traction sanding were generated using a road simulator. The particles were characterized using particle sizers, Particle Induced X-Ray Emission Analysis and electron microscopy. Cell studies were conducted on particles sampled from the tests with studded tyres and compared with street environment, diesel exhaust and subway PM(10), respectively. The results show that in the road simulator, where resuspension is minimized, studded tyres produce tens of times more particles than friction tyres. Chemical analysis of the sampled particles shows that the generated wear particles consist almost entirely of minerals from the pavement stone material, but also that Sulfur is enriched for the submicron particles and that Zink is enriched for friction tyres for all particles sizes. The chemical data can be used for source identification and apportionment in urban aerosol studies. A mode of ultra-fine particles was also present and is hypothesised to originate in the tyres. Further, traction material properties affect PM(10) emission. The inflammatory potential of the particles from wear of pavements seems to depend on type of pavement and can be at least as potent as diesel exhaust particles. The results imply that there is a need and a good potential to reduce particle emission from pavement wear and winter time road and street operation by adjusting both studded tyre use as well as pavement and traction material properties.     

Semi-automatic control system for hydraulic shovel

A semi-automatic control system for a hydraulic shovel has been developed. Using this system, unskilled operators can operate a hydraulic shovel easily and accurately. A mathematical control model of a hydraulic shovel with a controller was constructed and a control algorithm was developed by simulation. This algorithm was applied to a hydraulic shovel and its effectiveness was evaluated. High control accuracy and high-stability performance were achieved by feedback plus feedforward control, nonlinear compensation, state feedback and gain scheduling according to the attitude.     

The effect of mineralogy,texture and mechanical properties of anti-skid and asphalt aggregates on urban dust,stages II and lll

Urban road dust is formed during wintertime when cars use studded tyres and when anti-skid aggregate particles are being crushed under tyres. A road simulator fitted with studded and friction winter tyres was used in three test series in order to investigate dust formation at tyre and pavement interface with various anti-skid materials and tyre types. The bedrock and glaciofluvial anti-skid aggregates tested had variable mechanical–physical and mineralogical properties. A special emphasis was put on the particle size distribution of anti-skid materials and on asphalt aggregate characteristics. The proportions of particles <10 μm from asphalt vs anti-skid aggregate was defined with SEM/EDX. The results of this study indicate that the particle size distribution is the most important property of anti-skid aggregates, and that the wearing process of asphalt pavement “is not homogenous” with friction and studded tyres, and with various anti-skid aggregates. The mechanical–mineralogical relationship between anti-skid and asphalt aggregates is one decisive factor in PM₁₀ formation and these properties affect the proportions of PM₁₀ (anti-skid vs asphalt aggregate). Friction tyres and anti-skid aggregates with lower average hardness compared to asphalt aggregate cannot wear harder minerals (e.g., quartz) of the pavement aggregate homogeneously.      

混合动力装载机的研究现状及发展趋势

混合动力技术是被国际公认的最佳节能减排解决方案之一,因而受到了工程机械企业及研究人员的普遍关注.以应用量大面广的工程机械——装载机为代表,在阐述混合动力装载机分类的基础上,结合国内外最新技术研究成果,综述混合动力装载机的研究现状,指出当前混合动力装载机发展中存在的主要问题,并对其应用前景进行展望.