脉冲激光气相沉积技术现状与进展

介绍了脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)制备薄膜技术的原理、特点和这一研究领域的现状，着重介绍了脉冲激光沉积薄膜技术的研究动态和进展情况。大量研究表明，脉冲激光沉积法是一种最好的制备薄膜的方法之一。     

PLD法制备NiO薄膜及结构和形貌的研究

利用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在Si衬底上制备NiO薄膜,利用X射线衍射(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对所制备薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌进行表征分析,研究衬底温度和脉冲激光能量对NiO薄膜结构和形貌的影响,得到生长质量较高、择优取向的多晶NiO薄膜的一种最佳制备条件.制备了p-NiO/n-Si异质结器件,Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性测试表明,器件具有良好的整流特性.     

脉冲激光沉积制备SnS薄膜及其光学特性的研究

利用脉冲激光沉积法在玻璃衬底上制备SnS薄膜,研究了SnS薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌以及有关光学特性。所制备的SnS薄膜样品为斜方晶系多晶结构,在(111)晶面上有很强的择优取向性;衬底温度在100~400℃范围内,表面形貌有所区别,随着温度升高,薄膜表面分别呈现大小晶粒共存、片状颗粒、针状颗粒和锥状颗粒的形貌特征;紫外区的SnS薄膜透过率极低,可见光范围的透过率很低,近红外区的透过率较大;样品在可见区和紫外区吸收强烈,吸收系数达105cm-1量级,直接禁带宽度为1.39~1.46 eV。     

不同环境气压下激光沉积制备锗纳米薄膜的研究

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术,在不同环境压强下于室温Si衬底上沉积制备出了Ge纳米薄膜.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了环境压强对薄膜的微观结构、形貌以及膜厚的影响规律.结果表明:所制备的纳米薄膜中Ge均为晶态;随着环境压强的增大,薄膜表面由常规的量子点镶嵌结构演变为类网状结构;膜厚随着环境压强的增大而减小.     

脉冲激光沉积法制备β-BBO薄膜

采用脉冲激光沉积法、选取β-BBO陶瓷作为靶材在掺在Sr2 的α-BBO(001)衬底上进行了生长β-BBO薄膊膜的实验,生长出表面光滑、无色透明的薄膜.采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、高分辨X射线衍射仪(XRC)对薄膜进行了分析测试,结果表明,所制备的β-BBO薄膜择优取向为(00l)面,薄膜的双晶摇摆曲线半峰宽值FWHM为1000“左右,显示出β-BBO薄膜较好的结晶质量,其紫外吸收边同β-BBO单晶一样也为190 nm,但薄膜的透过率略有下降.采用调Q脉冲Nd:YAG激光器观察了β-BBO薄膜的倍频效应.     

氧气压强对脉冲激光沉积法制备的CuO薄膜性能的影响

采用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在玻璃衬底上沉积CuO薄膜,研究了氧气压强对CuO薄膜结构和光学、电学性能的影响。结果表明：在氧压为3×10^-3Pa,3～5Pa,和8～12Pa时,沉积的薄膜分别为单一Cu₂O相、混合Cu₂O/CuO相和单一CuO相;当氧压从5Pa增加到8Pa时,CuO薄膜的取向从(111)变化到(002);霍尔测试表明,在3～5Pa下沉积的CuO薄膜为p型,而在8～12Pa下沉积的薄膜为n型;氧气压强为5Pa时,薄膜电阻率较小,载流子浓度最大。     

脉冲激光沉积NiZn铁氧体薄膜的微观结构和磁性

采用脉冲激光沉积 (PLD)技术 ,分别在单晶硅基片和玻璃基片上沉积了NiZn铁氧体多晶薄膜 ,薄膜为单相尖晶石结构 ,在两种基片上都呈现出一定的 ( 4 0 0 )晶面的择优取向 ,但在硅基片上择优生长更显著 ;随着基片温度t的升高 ,薄膜晶粒尺寸逐渐增大 ;在t=5 0 0℃附近饱和磁化强度Ms 出现最小值 ,而矫顽力Hc 出现最大值 ;对薄膜进行退火处理 ,可使细小晶粒长大和内应力减小 ,对改善较低温度条件下制备的薄膜的软磁特性具有明显作用     

脉冲激光沉积制备的HfO2薄膜的结构与电学性能

采用脉冲激光沉积（PLD）方法在Si（100）基底上制备了有效氧化层厚度为8．6nm，介电常数为29．3的HfO2薄膜．借助C射线衍射（XRD）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）分析了样品的微观结构，对电容的C-V与I-V电学特性进行了测试。实验结果表明，该方法制得的HfO2薄膜表面光滑，N2500℃下退火30mm后样品表面粗糙度由0．203nm变为0．498nm，薄膜由非晶转变为简单正交结构，界面层得到有效控制，该栅介质电容具有良好的C-V特性，较低的漏电流密度（4．3×10^-7A/cm^2，@-1V），是SiO2栅介质的理想替代物．     

脉冲激光制备硅基超薄PtSi薄膜

用脉冲激光沉制备了纳米级Pt/Si异质层,对激光退火形成超薄PtSi薄膜进行了研究,对于Pt、Si互扩散反应形成Pt2Si和PtSi的过程利用XPS进行了测试分析,通过XPS和AFM等分析测试手段对不同参数激光退火形成的PtSi薄膜的结构特性进行观测。我们获得了均匀的、超薄边疆的PtSi层且具有平滑的PtSi/Si界面。     

氧等离子体辅助脉冲激光沉积法制备PMN-PT薄膜的微观结构和电学性能

采用氧等离子体辅助脉冲激光沉积方法(PLD)在硅衬底上, 制备出高度(001)取向的钙钛矿相结构钛铌镁酸铅(PMN-PT)薄膜. 研究了氧等离子体辅助对PMN-PT薄膜相结构、微观形貌和电学性能的影响. 结果表明, 通过在薄膜沉积过程中引入高活性的氧等离子, 可以有效地提高PMN-PT薄膜的结晶质量和微观结构. 未采用氧等离子体辅助PLD方法制备PMN-PT薄膜的介电常数(10 kHz)和剩余极化(2P_r)分别为1484和18 μC/cm², 通过采用氧等离子体辅助, 其介电常数和剩余极化分别提高至3012和38 μC/cm².     

离子束辅助脉冲激光沉积硼碳氮薄膜

以烧结B4C为靶材料、在氮离子束辅助下用脉冲激光沉积方法制备了三元化合物硼碳氮（BCN）薄膜.用X光电子谱和傅立叶变换红外谱方法表征了制备的薄膜.结果表明,膜层中包含B-C、N-C、B-N键等复合结构,以B-C-N原子杂化的形式结合成键,而并非各种成分的简单混合.还探讨了成膜过程和相关机理,离子束中的活性氮有效地和脉冲激光对B4C靶烧蚀产生的硼和碳结合成键,氮离子束的辅助还能在一定程度上抑制氧杂质进入膜层,给衬底适当加温有利于提高氮的含量并影响薄膜的化学结构.     

ZnO thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition

Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were deposited on soda lime glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in an oxygen-reactive atmosphere. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of the as-prepared thin films were studied in dependence of substrate temperature and oxygen pressure. High quality polycrystalline ZnO films with hexagonal wurtzite structure were deposited at substrate temperatures of 100 and 300 °C. The RMS roughness of the deposited oxide films was found to be in the range 2-9 nm and was only slightly dependent on substrate temperature and oxygen pressure. Electrical measurements indicated a decrease of film resistivity with the increase of substrate temperature and the decrease of oxygen pressure. The ZnO films exhibited high transmittance of 90% and their energy band gap and thickness were in the range 3.26-3.30 eV and 256-627 nm, respectively.     

AlN薄膜的KrF准分子脉冲激光沉积

研究了采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术在Si(100)衬底上AlN薄膜的制备及其性质。结果表明,衬底温度从室温到800℃的范围内,所得到的AlN薄膜为(002)择优取向的纤锌矿结构。随着衬底温度的升高,AlN薄膜从纳米晶结构转为多晶结构,同时表面微粗糙度上升。AlN晶粒呈柱状生长机制。     

A1N薄膜的KrF准分子脉冲激光沉积

研究了采用脉冲激光沉积（PLD）技术在Si（100）衬底上A1N薄膜的制备及其性质。结果表明，衬底温度从室温到800℃的范围内，所得到的A1N薄膜为（002）择优取向的纤锌矿结构。随着衬底温度的升高，A1N薄膜从纳米晶结构转为多晶结构，同时表面微粗糙度上升。A1N晶粒呈柱状生长机制。     

Microstructure and magnetic properties of zinc ferrite thin films produced by pulsed laser deposition

Zinc ferrite thin films were deposited from a target of zinc ferrite onto a MgO substrate using XeCl excimer laser operating at 308 nm and frequency of 30 Hz. The crystallographic characterizations of the films were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microstructure, surface morphology, chemical composition and grain size, as well as surface roughness were obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The magnetic properties of the thin films were studied in the temperature range 5–300 K and in fields of up to 5 T using SQUID magnetometry. Data on temperature and field dependence of magnetization provide a strong evidence for superparamagnetism. Paper presented at 8 AGM of MRSI, BARC, Mumbai, 1997.     

Low-temperature deposition of iridium thin films by pulsed laser deposition

Extremely smooth iridium (Ir) thin films were deposited on Si(1 0 0) substrate at lower temperature than 300 °C by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique using Ir target in a vacuum atmosphere. The crystal orientation, surface morphology, and resistivity of the Ir thin films were systematically determined as a function of substrate temperature. Well-crystallized and single-phase Ir thin films with (1 1 1) preferred orientation were obtained at substrate temperature of 200-300 °C. The surface roughness increased with the increasing of substrate temperature. Likewise, the room-temperature resistivity of Ir thin films decreased with increasing substrate temperature, showing a low value of (10.7±0.1) μΩ cm at 300 °C.     

Preparation of large-area high-quality YBCO thin films by pulsed laser deposition with Si heater and composite scanning of laser and target

We report on the successful preparation of large-area high-quality YBa₂Cu₃O₇ superconducting thin films by pulsed excimer laser ablation with a Si heater and composite scanning of laser beam and target. The Si heater, composite scanning of laser beam and target, and experiment results are described. The temperature variation of the Si heater was < ±0.5% in a 45×40 mm² area of 900–1000 °C. Films were deposited on LaAlO₃ substrates 35 mm in diameter. The thin films exhibited a thickness variation of ±2.5%; the superconducting properties wereT _c0=91×0.5 K andJ _c= (3.3±0.7)×10⁶ A/cm² at 77 K and zero magnetic field.     

A parametric study of AlN thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition

High quality AlN thin films were grown at 200–450°C on sapphire substrates by laser ablation of Al targets in nitrogen reactive atmosphere. The nitrogen pressure was varied between 10⁻³ and 10⁻¹ mbar. The reactive gas pressure during irradiation and the temperature of the substrate were found to essentially influence the quality of the layers. X-ray diffraction analysis evidenced the formation of highly orientated layers for a very restrictive set of parameters. Other analysis techniques, like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, optical transmission spectroscopy have been used to evidence the good stoichiometry and purity of the films. The characteristics of these films were compared with those of AlN thin films deposited in similar experimental conditions, on Si (100) and Si (111) substrates.