经过表面处理的BHB250Y型填料在液液萃取中的应用

研究了规整填料的形状和特点,提出了合理改进方法,对填料表面进行光滑处理,应用于液液萃取单元操作中,采用新填料,提高了分离效率,解决了原来因分离物系中含有固体颗粒和杂质而堵塔的难题。结果表明,新填料到达了提高产量、提高分离效率以及克服堵塔的效果,带来了很好的经济和环境效益。     

填料粒径对制备色谱生产的影响

随着绿色精细化工工业的发展,对制备色谱和模拟移动床色谱(SMBC)的需求越来越大。填料粒径的选择是制备色谱和模拟移动床色谱分离中的关键问题。填料粒径主要从柱效和压力两方面影响着制备色谱的应用。压力影响着运行成本,柱效影响着分离效果,但两者又互相制约。该文利用板高曲线和压力变化曲线斜率积对填料性能进行了比较。斜率积消除了填料粒径的影响,却又联系着其他与柱压力和柱效相关的因素。利用斜率积来评价填料性能对问题的分析更加深入。该文通过对不同粒径填料所填充柱的孔隙率、柱压和柱效的比较发现,随填料粒径减小,柱压力的上升幅度小于随填料粒径平方反比例增大的幅度,理论塔板高度减小。从银杏黄酮的模拟移动床色谱分离结果可以看出,使用粒径为20~25μm的填料,其产品纯度低于使用粒径为30~40μm的填料。     

热扩散塔分离甲烷和氢的实验研究

引言用甲烷直接合成C_2以上的碳氢化合物非常困难,例如,由甲烷脱氢合成乙烯,按热力学计算在1000K下甲烷的平衡转化率只有4.8％,所以至今甲烷仍主要用作燃料．为了充分利用这一化工基础原料,作者利用热扩散塔进行了甲烷的催化脱氢反应,使反应与分离同时进行,大幅度提高了甲烷的转化率．为考察热扩散的分离效果,本文用甲烷脱氢反应的主要成分甲烷和氢混合物为原料,在热扩散塔中分别进行了空塔和填料塔的热扩散分离实验,考察了一些操作参数对分离效果的影响,以期对反应操作条件提供必要的参考．l原理所谓热扩散现象,就是在温度场…     

Theoretical analysis and critique of the chromatographic separation of macromolecules using porous adsorbents

A theoretical analysis of the separation of a mixture of macromolecules by a chromatographic column packed with porous adsorbents is given. Fractionation may take place by either exclusion of large molecules from the pores in the column packing or by selective adsorption. A model for packing structure is developed which is used as the basis of a theory of chromatographic separation.     

规整填料在双氧水生产分离过程中的应用

介绍规整填料用于过氧化氢生产中的油 水分离过程。用于萃取塔、干燥塔和碱分离器的改造 ,使分离效率和能力得到改进。     

空分上塔规整填料结构优化——波纹规整填料倾角的确定

空气深冷分离是一个多精馏塔偶合过程 ,其中上塔处于核心位置 ,具有许多进出料口 ,各段填料层内气液两相负荷变化相当大。通过改变波纹规整填料的倾角可以避免塔体变径。该文从双膜理论出发 ,推导出规整填料的重要结构参数之一———波纹倾角对效率影响的关联 ,同时给出了规整填料的通用泛点关联式。     

Performance Prediction of Structured Packing Column for Cryogenic Air Separation with Hybrid Model

A detailed investigation of a thermodynamic process in a structured packing distil ation column is of great impor-tance in prediction of process efficiency. In order to keep the simplicity of an equili...     

制备型高效液相色谱分离过程的放大研究（Ｉ）填料尺寸

利用制备型高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）分离装置,对牛血清白蛋白（ＢＡＳ）和牛血清红蛋白（ＨＧ）进行了制备分离,考察了填料尺寸对柱效和分离度的影响,结果表明,在制备分离过程中,对于难分离物系,可以采用较小直径的色谱填料,以提高分离效率,但在分离度可以满足分离要求的前提下,使用较大直径的色谱填料将更为有利。     

Development of mixture composition maldistribution in a distillation column with structured packing

The distribution of the composition of a mixture of Freons R-114 and R-21 over the cross section of a distillation column filled with structured packing is experimentally studied. Results on the efficiency of Freon mixture separation, the pressure drop in the packing, and the distribution of the local concentration of the low-boiling component throughout the cross section and height of the structured packing are presented. The vapor phase load factor was varied over a wide range up to hydraulic flooding. According to the experimental results, the large-scale maldistribution of the mixture composition occurs inside the packing over the column cross section, even though the overall separation performance of the column is excellent. Maldistribution is observed throughout the total height of the column. The location of the large zones of maldistribution significantly depends on the liquid and vapor flow rates.     

Separation of parent homopolymers from diblock copolymers by liquid chromatography under limiting conditions of desorption 3. Role of column packing

The novel separation method, liquid chromatography under limiting conditions of desorption, LC LCD enables rapid one-step discrimination of both parent homopolymers from diblock copolymers. The low-molecular admixtures/impurities can be base-line separated, as well. The general rules for selection of the LC LCD columns are reviewed. Bare silica gel column packings are discussed in detail. Selected examples of separation are presented. They demonstrate that the principle of LC LCD separation is not affected by the particle size and initial purity of bare silica gel column packing nor by its effective pore diameter and volume. However, appropriate choice of the packing pore size facilitates base-line separation of particular sample constituents. Important may be the column history; columns saturated with previously adsorbed polymers may lose their performance. Up to a certain limit, success of the LC LCD separation does not depend on the column efficiency and reasonable results can be obtained even with the columns packed with rather big particles. This indicates possibility of the large-scale preparative applications and feasibility of the high-speed LC LCD separations.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

2-Methylpropylacetate synthesis via catalytic distillation

The paper deals with a 2-methylpropylacetate synthesis process development. The process is based on esterification of acetic acid with 2-methylpropanol by the reactive distillation method. A column in which separation of the reaction products takes place together with esterification in catalytic active separation packing is utilized in this process. Computer simulation of catalytic distillation has been performed to study the process and to evaluate the pilot plant experimental data. KATAPAK^® S structural packing was used in the reaction zone, while stripping and rectifying sections of the column were packed by CY^® packing. A good agreement between the simulation results and pilot plant data has been achieved.     

精密精馏填料塔的稳态特性

本文第一部分探讨精密精馏填料塔的最佳回流比。文中提出一个关联式来估算在一定回流比下的传质单元数,并由此导出最佳回流比图。精密精馏最佳回流比的最大值约为1.4R_m。 本文第二部分探讨最佳的塔径与填料尺寸比。实验是在内径分别为20、28、32、44mm,填料层高从1020到1475mm四个填料塔中用2.5×2.5mm三角螺旋填料以正庚烷-甲基环己烷系统进行。根据实验求得的全塔浓度分布曲线,在除去塔顶及塔底两端的端效应后,得出填料层的真实分离效率（即传质单元高度或每米填料高的传质单元数）。以真实分离效率与塔径及填料尺寸比作图,所有恒气速下的曲线都呈现出最佳点,并且其比值几乎相同。对于这种填料,最佳塔径与填料尺寸比约为13—14,此值与普通填料或工业填料大致相似。     

High‐performance liquid chromatography separation characteristics of molecular‐imprinted poly(methacrylic acid) microparticles prepared by suspension polymerization

Molecular‐imprinted poly(methacrylic acid) was synthesized with a template of retinoic acid to separate retinoid derivatives. The suspension polymerization technique was used to prepare round microparticles for high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) packing column materials. The effects of the types and amounts of the dispersing agents and surfactants on the structure and size of the prepared molecular‐imprinted‐polymer particles were investigated. The separation of retinoic acid from its derivatives was more efficient when the perfluorocarbon dispersing agent was used instead of water, as the latter reduced the binding force between the objective molecules and monomers. HPLC separation features were also affected by the size and distribution of particles loaded in the column. A higher retention volume was obtained for smaller particles with a broader size distribution. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 200–212, 2005     

从浓度分布评价填料塔性能

精馏塔性能的优劣通常可以用在塔顶和塔底取样,然后计算其分离效率的方法来判断,但这种方法只可以判断出精馏设备效率的高低,却几乎无法找出造成设备效率不够理想或低效的原因．不良初始分布、壁流、沟流和溪流、端效应以及气相或液相返混等现象都可以造成填料塔效率的下降,而     

空分填料塔设计中的流体力学特性

空分精馏主要在-200℃左右的深冷条件下进行,填料塔内流体力学特性参数难以由试验直接获取,如何将常压常温状态(简称常态)下空气-水物系的流体力学测试结果转换适用于空分设计变得尤为关键。通过Bain-Hougen公式及SRP(Ⅱ)模型结合Sp iegel持液量计算推导出泛点及压降关联式以预测填料的流体力学特性。对空分中常用的750Y型金属孔板波纹填料进行常态下流体力学特性测试,结果表明:采用的方法可用于填料流体力学特性的预测。对空分状态下的泛点与压降结果预测表明,空分设计中采用常态下的流体力学数据进行设计偏于保守。     

Experimental study of the effect of maldistribution at the structured packing inlet on the freon mixture separation efficiency

The results of an experimental study of the effect of the initial maldistribution over a structured packing on the separation efficiency of a binary freon mixture are considered. The study was performed in a distillation column 0.9 m in diameter on a mixture of R114 and R21 freons. The results on the efficiency of freon mixture separation, the pressure drop on the packing, and the distribution of the local liquid flow rate under the packing are presented. The experimental results showed that the rotation angle of structured packed layers have a significant effect on the efficiency of mixture separation in the case of maldistribution.     

关于双层不锈钢网波填料的流体力学和传质特性的探讨

网波填料是一种新型、高效的规则填料。使用双层不锈钢网具有良好的可润湿性和整个填料表面均匀的液体分布,因而即使对于像水之类表面张力大的液体,在低的液体负荷下,分离效率也能显著增加。 在内径10cm的塔,填料高度200cm和塔顶压力约125Torr的情况下,进行了D_2O/H_2O体系真空精馏试验。本文使用测得的数据,获得了该填料压力降和传质的良好关联。     

Models describing the behavior of new carbon fiber packings inn rectification processes

Many rectification processes are used to separate corrosive substances with high boiling points. This reports deals with a new type of structured column pacing mode of corrosion-resistant carbon fiber material. These column internals allows for low pressure drop at high throughput rated with reasonable column efficiency. Experiments in columns of 50 and 100 mm diameter have been carried out to investigated separation efficiency, pressure drop and liquid holdup of the packing even at low operation pressures. In the respective columns twp geometrical different types of packing have been tested using binary mixtures of chlorobenzene/ethylbenzene with a packing geometry similar to the Sulzer EX packing, the 100 mm diameter column was filled with elements of rougher structure and smaller specific surface. Basing on the experimental results, model equations are presented, which allow the calculation of the investigated performance characteristics.     

中空纤维PVA/PAN复合膜填料的乙醇水溶液精馏性能

以乙醇/水溶液为分离对象,中空纤维PVA/PAN复合膜作为精馏填料,考察了不同膜组件的传质分离效率。实验结果表明:各种组件的分离效率均随塔釜加热功率的增加而减小;和大多数中空纤维膜接触器一样,其总传质系数Ky随中空纤维膜组件填充密度φ的增加而减少;相比于传统精馏填料而言,用中空纤维膜做精馏填料分离乙醇水溶液的分离效果更好,可以在常规填料不能操作的液泛线以上进行操作。当塔釜加热功率为120 W,45根中空纤维膜封装在内径为1.6 cm玻璃管中的传质单元高度(HTU)为5.64 cm。