内蒙古天然碱液四元体系的相图研究──150℃Na_2CO_3—NaHCO_3—

本文测定了１５０℃ＮａＨＣＯ＿３─ＮａＣｌ—Ｈ＿２Ｏ、ＮａＨＣＯ＿３—Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４—Ｈ＿２Ｏ两个三元体系及１５０℃Ｎａ＿２ＣＯ＿３—ＮａＨＣＯ＿３—Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４—Ｈ＿２Ｏ、Ｎａ＿２ＣＯ＿３—ＮａＨＣＯ＿３—ＮａＣｌ—Ｈ＿２Ｏ和ＮａＨＣＯ＿２—Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４—ＮａＣｌ—Ｈ＿２Ｏ三个四元体系的相平衡数据，结合前人工作，绘制了上述各体系的相图，并对各相图的构成进行了分析讨论。     

NaOH-NaAlO_2-Na_2CrO4-H_2O四元水盐体系相平衡

通过对相关的ＮａＯＨ－Ｎａ２ＣｒＯ４－Ｈ２Ｏ三元水盐体系和ＮａＯＨ－ＮａＡｌＯ２－Ｎａ２ＣｒＯ４－Ｈ２Ｏ四元水盐体系在不同温度下相平衡的研究和比较,找出各物质之间相平衡特性的差异,以作为碱－铬－铝盐结晶分离的依据之一．     

内蒙古天然碱液五元体系的相图研究150℃Na_2CO_3—NaHCO_3—Na

测定了１５０℃Ｎａ＿２ＣＯ＿３—ＮａＨＣＯ＿３—Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４—ＮａＣｌ—Ｈ＿２Ｏ五元体系七个结晶区的相平衡数据，结合文献数据绘制了１５０℃该五元体系的相图，对相图的构成进行了分析讨论，并进行了以内蒙天然碱为原料，采用蒸发法生产纯碱的蒸发过程的相图分析和相图计算。     

25℃和100℃时H3BO3—Na2SO4—NaCl—H2O体系的相平衡

测定了２５℃和１００℃时,Ｈ３ＢＯ３－Ｎａ２Ｓｏ４－ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系的固液平衡数据并绘成相图,应用相图分析了ＮａＣｌ作盐析剂分离Ｈ２Ｂ作盐析剂分离Ｈ３ＢＯ３的生产过程,为硼砂硫酸酸化制取Ｈ３ＢＯ３的生产工艺改进提供了一定的理论基础。     

R2SO4-NaOH-H2O体系静力学的研究

本文分析了考察了ＮａＯＨ－Ｎａ２ＳＯ４－Ｈ２Ｏ体系的相律平衡和Ｒ２ＳＯ４－ＮａＯＨ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系的交换平衡的相互影响及再生碱液加工再用效果。     

CaSO4—H3PO4—H2SO4—H2O四元系统及其应用（上）

ＣａＳＯ４－Ｈ３ＰＯ４－Ｈ２ＳＯ４－Ｈ２Ｏ四元系统是湿法磷酸领域中的主要相图，直到１９５８年才由日本学者池野亮当等人＊首先发表，而且只是其中关于ＣａＳＯ４·１２Ｈ２ＯＣａＳＯ４·２Ｈ２Ｏ转化过程部分的研究结果。７０年代中，笔者在研究半水—二水再结晶流程时发现：在温度恒定的条件下，四元系统中的ＣａＳＯ４·１２Ｈ２ＯＣａＳＯ４·２Ｈ２Ｏ转化过程的平衡点轨迹呈线性，可以用直线方程式计算有关参数，扩大了它的意义。随后，笔者在进行半水—二水再结晶流程的中试时，曾用上述计算参数控制ＣａＳＯ４·１２Ｈ２Ｏ—→ＣａＳＯ４·２Ｈ２Ｏ转化过程中二水物结晶的形成，取得满意结果。     

K2SO4—NH4Cl—H2O体系物性数据的测定

系统地测定了不同温度下Ｋ２ＳＯ４－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系的密度、粘度、导电率和ｐＨ值，并研究了温度和氯化铵对硫酸钾饱和溶液的上述参数的影响。     

应用相平衡理论研究硫酸钾生产技术

应用Ｋ＋，Ｎａ＋∥ＳＯ４－，Ｃｌ－－Ｈ２Ｏ体系相平衡理论，提出芒硝或明矾石产生的粗钾盐用氯化钾转化法生产硫酸钾技术。     

Na^＋和Ti^4＋对CaO—Al2O3—SiO2系玻璃结构和晶化的影响

使用ＲＡＭＡＮ光谱和ＤＴＡ方法研究了含少量Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋的ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系玻璃，发现在纯ＣＡＳ系玻璃（Ｃａ／Ａｌ≥１／２，Ａｌ／Ｓｉ≤１）中，Ａｌ３＋仅有一部分进入玻璃网络，少量Ｎａ＋的引入，有助于Ａｌ３＋进一步进入玻璃网络中，Ｎａ＋起了间接补强玻璃网络的作用，Ｎａ＋和Ｃａ２＋离子对Ａｌ３＋进入玻璃网络结构程度的影响可认为是Ｎａ＋和Ｃａ２＋离子分别以［ＡｌＯ４］Ｎａ和［ＡｌＯ４］Ｃａ［ＡｌＯ４］基团的形式进入玻璃网络中，由于结合几率和体积效应，使［ＡｌＯ４］Ｎａ较［ＡｌＯ４］Ｃａ［ＡｌＯ４］更易进入玻璃网络中。Ｔｉ４＋以［ＴｉＯ４］的形式进入玻璃网络，它对Ａｌ３＋是否能进入玻璃网络无明显影响。Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋的单独引入，均能使玻璃网络的聚合程度增强，析晶活化能提高；而当Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋同时引入时，玻璃网络聚合程度和纯ＣＡＳ系玻璃相差不大，析晶活化能有所降低。少量Ｎａ＋的引入，不会影响析出主晶相的种类和数量，而Ｔｉ４＋的引入，则会影响到所析出主晶相的种类和数量。     

相图在元明粉生产中的应用

根据新疆芒硝中钙镁含量低的特点，利用Ｎａ２ＳＯ４－ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ三元体系相图，简化无水硫酸钠化硝工艺计算。     

Si3N4—MgAl2O4—Al2O3系材料无压烧结的研究

本文对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系复合材料的无压烧结进行了研究，讨论了Ａｌ２Ｏ３含量对材料性能的影响及烧结工艺对材料性能和显微结构的相互关系。实验表明：两段法烧结可以得到性能良好的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料。     

高铁酸钾的合成及其应用研究

利用次氯酸盐氧化法合成Ｋ２ＦｅＯ４,对其合成方法进行了探索和改善。用亚砷酸钠法准确地测定了Ｋ２ＦｅＯ４ 的纯度。在不同条件下,研究了Ｋ２ＦｅＯ４ 对水样中Ｓ２－ 和ＣＮ－ 的处理效果。     

2-氰基-4’-甲基联苯的合成

以邻氯苯腈、对氯甲苯为原料,N-甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂,采用NiCl2为催化剂,合成2-氰基-4’-甲基联苯。考 察了催化剂、溶剂对原料转化率和目的产物选择率及产品纯度的影响,结果表明,以N-甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂,NiCl2为催 化剂可以得到纯度为99.2％的产物。     

4,4'-二胺基-2,2',6,6'-四甲基二苯基环己烷的合成与纯化

在浓盐酸中由环己酮和２,６－二甲基苯胶一步合成了多取代基的４,４＇－二胺基－２,２＇,６,６＇－四甲基二苯基环己烷。报道了该二胺的纯化,井使用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱等分析手段对其进行了表征。     

Strukturaufklärung von ausgewählten nitro- und sulfonsäuresubstituierten 1,2-Naphthochinon-2-diaziden

Structure Determination of Selected Nitro and Sulfonic Acid Substituted 1,2-Naphthoquinone-2-diazides Selected nitro derivatives of 1,2-naphtoquinone-2-diazide 2 and 5 have been synthesized, the position of the NO₂-group has been unambigously determined by means of ¹H and ¹³C n.m.r. spectroscopy, and the structure of these compounds has been comprehensively determined in relation to unsubstituted 1 and sulfonic acid substituted derivatives 3 , 3a , 4 and 4a . Furthermore, the spectroscopical behaviour, especially in the uv/vis region, was examined in correlation to quantum chemical calculations.     

Luminescence of MgAl2O4 and ZnAl2O4 spinel ceramics containing some 3d ions

The luminescence properties of ceramic phosphors based on two spinel hosts MgAl₂O₄ and ZnAl₂O₄ doped with manganese ions have been studied. It has been found that the spectral properties of these phosphors can be strongly varied by changing synthesis conditions. Both types of doped ceramic spinel can serve as efficient Mn²⁺ green-emitting phosphors having peak emissions at 525 and 510 nm, respectively. Mn-doped MgAl₂O₄ spinel can also be prepared as an efficient Mn⁴⁺ red-emitting phosphor having peak emission at ~651 nm by using specific temperatures of heat treatment in air. It has also been shown that the conversion of Mn²⁺ to Mn⁴⁺ and viсe versa, as well as the coexistence of Mn²⁺ green and Mn⁴⁺ red emissions, can be accomplished by properly chosen annealing conditions of the same initially synthesized MgAl₂O₄:Mn sample. Manganese doped MgAl₂O₄ spinel with an optimal intensity ratio of green and red emissions can be a promising single-phase bicolor phosphor suitable for the development of warm white phosphor-converted LED lamps. On the other hand, it has been determined that perfectly normal ZnAl₂O₄ spinel cannot be doped with Mn⁴⁺ ions in contrast to partially inverse MgAl₂O₄ spinel. However, ZnAl₂O₄ samples unintentionally doped with impurity Cr³⁺ ions show emission spectra in the far-red region with well pronounced R, N and vibronic lines of Cr³⁺ luminescence due to the perfect normal spinel structure of synthesized ZnAl₂O₄ ceramics. Also, by partially substituting Al³⁺ cations for Mg²⁺ in ZnAl₂O₄ there is an opportunity to obtain Mn⁴⁺ doped or Mn⁴⁺/Cr³⁺ codoped far-red emitting phosphors which can be suitable for indoor plant growth lighting sources.     

(2S,4E)-5-氯-2-异丙基-4-戊烯酸乙酯的简易合成

以异戊酸乙酯与(E)-1,3-二氯丙烯为原料,通过烷基化反应得到(±)-(4E)-5-氯-2-异丙基-4-戊烯酸乙酯,经猪肝酯酶催化(进行动力学拆分)得到纯阿利克仑(Aliskiren)中间体(2S,4E)-5-氯-2-异丙基-4-戊烯酸乙酯。通过回收拆分母液以88%的收率得到(2R,4E)-5-氯-2-异丙基-4-戊烯酸。该方法绿色环保,操作简洁易行,具有工业化应用前景。     

蛋白质-磷酸钾-聚乙二醇双水相体系热力学研究

建立了由蛋白质、磷酸氢二钾、磷酸二氢钾、聚乙二醇所组成的双水相体系的平衡浓度分析测定方法,实验测定了6种蛋白质分子在25℃下的液液平衡分配数据,共23组.将Baskir等的吸附晶格模型和Pitzer的长程静电项相结合,扩展用于含电解质-高聚物双水相体系的热力学计算,仅用7组实验数据进行关联,得到2个吸附能参数,预测了其它16组蛋白质分配系数,结果满意。并提出了蛋白质分配系数与双水相成相物质在两相间浓度差的经验关系式。     

Ionic conductivity of apatite-type solid electrolyte ceramics Ca2−xBaxLa4Bi4(SiO4)6O2 (0≤x≤2)

A complex impedance of oxyapatites Ca_2?xBa_xLa₄Bi₄(SiO₄)₆O₂ (0≤x≤2) prepared by solid state reaction has been investigated. The formation of apatites has been checked by X-ray diffraction, FTIR, Raman and ²⁹Si MAS-NMR techniques. The electric impedance data indicate that relaxation phenomena are strongly dependent on temperature in the 923–1048 K range. The bulk resistance decreases with increasing temperature, showing a typical negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR). ac-Conductivity measurements have been performed on a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. The complex modulus plots have confirmed the presence of bulk contributions. The complex impedance analysis suggests the presence of non-Debye relaxations that would be associated with correlation on ions motion.     

Boosting selective C2H2/CH4, C2H4/CH4 and CO2/CH4 adsorption performance via 1,2,3-triazole functionalized triazine-based porous organic polymers

Nitrogen-rich porous organic polymers have shown great potentials in gas adsorption/separation, photocatalysis, electrochemistry, sensing and so on. Herein, 1,2,3-triazole functionalized triazine-based porous organic polymers (TT-POPs) have been synthesized by the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (Cu-AAC) polymerization reactions of 1,3,5-tris(4-azidophenyl)-triazine with 1,4-diacetylene benzene and 1,3,5-triacetylenebenzene, respectively. The characterizations of N₂ adsorption at 77 K show TT-POPs possess permanent porosity with BET surface areas of 666 m²·g^-1 (TT-POP-1) and 406 m²·g^-1 (TT-POP-2). The adsorption capacities of TT-POPs for CO₂, CH₄, C₂H₂ and C₂H₄, as well as the selective separation abilities of CO₂/N₂, CO₂/CH₄, C₂H₂/CH₄ and C₂H₄/CH₄ were evaluated. The gas selective separation ratio of TT-POPs was calculated by the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) method, wherein the selective separation ratios of C₂H₂/CH₄ and C₂H₄/CH₄ of TT-POP-2 was 48.4 and 13.6 (298 K, 0.1 MPa), which is comparable to other adsorbents (5.6-120.6 for C₂H₂/CH₄, 10-26 for C₂H₄/CH₄). This work shows that the 1,2,3-triazole functionalized triazine-based porous organic polymer has a good application prospect in natural gas purification.