辣椒制品出口韩国主要技术贸易壁垒研究

我国是辣椒制品的生产消费大国,产量居全球之首,辣椒及其加工制品的进出口贸易发展迅速,主要输往韩国、日本和欧盟地区.其中,出口韩国的辣椒制品占据主要分量,输韩辣椒制品在我国农产品出口中占有举足轻重的地位.但是,近几年来,韩国对于辣椒制品的技术要求日益增多.根据近年来辣椒制品出口韩国中遇到的主要技术壁垒,针对几种主要受到限制出口的辣椒制品进行研究,旨在为相关企业和部门提供参考,促进输韩辣椒制品的出口.     

2种常见浆果及其果酱制品的国内外食品安全标准限量分析

近年来,随着环保和健康意识的不断增强,国外技术性贸易壁垒越来越严格,发达国家对于进口产品的食品添加剂、农药残留等食品安全限量的要求也日趋严苛。为了打破我国浆果及其果酱制品出口的贸易壁垒,提高我国产品质量水平,亟需对国内外相关食品安全标准进行对比分析。本文通过将2种常见浆果及其果酱制品的国内外食品安全标准限量进行对比,发现我国食品安全标准与国际食品法典委员会标准、欧盟标准在对2种浆果的农药残留限量以及果酱制品的添加剂限量上存在的差异,以期为我国提升产品质量和安全水平提供参考,为我国出口企业的产品提供技术支撑和法律依据。     

肉制品中使用的添加剂

<正>为满足现代消费者的需求,在市场上出售的肠类制品中,已要求使用添加剂.常用的添加剂是水或冰、腌制盐类和像抗氧化剂那样的化学稳定剂.所有添加剂的质量应是可食用的.对于这些添加剂的质量要求参考《食用化学品法规》.     

辣椒及其干制品中二氧化硫残留量的调查分析和快速准确检测方法的探究

通过对辣椒及其干制品中二氧化硫残留量的调查分析,发现在其生产过程中存在非法使用二氧化硫类食品添加剂的情况.本研究分别用国标滴定法、全自动电位滴定法和酸碱滴定法测定辣椒及其干制品中的二氧化硫,并进行了对比.经统计分析,3种方法的测定结果并无显著性差异,但全自动电位滴定法的精密度和加标回收率均最高,且操作简便,耗时最短,适...     

日本食品添加剂申请审批程序介绍(续)

编者按:随着我国食品和食品添加剂行的快速发展,进入国际市场的食品和食品添加剂也越来越多.了解掌握国外食品添加剂的管理法规和安全标准,不仅对完善我国食品添加剂管理法规和标准具有重要的借鉴意义,而且对于食品和食品添加剂行业的顺畅出口也有重要指挥作用.     

辣椒制品金黄色葡萄球菌污染及肠毒素污染研究

了解辣椒制品金黄色葡萄球菌的污染状况,检测辣椒制品中金黄色葡萄球菌携带肠毒素的情况,为开展辣椒制品安全风险评估,企业及产品分类管理提供必要的依据.方法:参照GB 4789.10-2010对样品进行金黄色葡萄球菌分离、培养,用VITEK 2 compact全自动微生物鉴定分析系统进行生化鉴定,同时用全自动荧光酶标免疫测试系统(VIDAS 30)检测分离菌株携带肠毒素SEA-SEE情况.结果:从705份样品中共检出金黄色葡萄球菌21株,总检出率为2.98％.其中干辣椒制品未检出金黄色葡萄球菌、油辣椒检出率为3.34％,发酵辣椒制品检出率为5.63％,其他辣椒制品检出率为1.32％.21株金黄色葡萄球菌中11株葡萄球菌肠毒素阳性,总检出率为52.38％.其中油辣椒葡萄球菌肠毒素阳性率为46.67％,发酵辣椒制品葡萄球菌肠毒素阳性率为75.00％,其他辣椒制品葡萄球菌肠毒素阳性率为50.00％.辣椒制品样品产地涉及15个省(区、市),从4个省(区)产的辣椒样品中检出金黄色葡萄球菌并携带肠毒素.结论:不同类型辣椒制品污染程度存在差异,不同产地辣椒制品污染程度存在差异,辣椒制品存在金黄色葡萄球菌污染风险,并且产肠毒素的金黄色葡萄球菌占一定的比例.     

政策·法规

我国首次制订辣椒及辣椒制品辣度国家标准目前我国已经是全球之首的辣椒生产和消费大国随着市场需求增加,我国辣椒产量与出口稳步增长,价格持续上扬,每年以7%的速度发展,具有很大的市场空间。据悉,湖南农业大学食品科技学院受国家标准委委托,目前正在制订辣椒素测定及辣度表示方法国家标准。这是我国首次针对辣椒和辣椒制品制定辣度国家标准。     

我国与国际食品法典委员会(CAC)关于水产品中食品添加剂使用标准比较分析及对策研究

以我国GB 2760-2014和CODEX STAN 192-1995(2018年修订版)作为标准资料,采用逐级对比方法,分析水产品及其制品的分类、食品添加剂功能分类、种类和数量、使用范围和限量标准的差异。发现我国和CAC在水产品分类上还存有差异,但涵盖基本水产制品种类;我国对水产品中添加剂使用要求较CAC严格,并且我国水产品添加剂限量指标中有95.9%的可比指标值已经达到或超过CAC标准的要求。通过梳理我国现行关于水产品中食品添加剂的使用标准,对比分析我国与CAC国际标准的异同,从促进产业发展、保护消费者安全及有效应对国外技术性贸易措施角度提出对策。     

食品添加剂行业Kosher犹太食品认证要求

Kosher犹太食品认证在食品添加剂行业发展迅速,已成为欧美、中东、东南亚等国外客户采购食品原材料的严格标准之一,是食品添加剂出口上述地区的通关卡.目前,亚洲大部分犹太食品供应商基本来自中国,我国在食品添加剂行业的出口额比重占主导地位.近几年,美国、欧盟国家纷纷要求食品添加剂出口企业进行Kosher认证,按Kosher要求实施原辅材料选择和控制,对食品添加剂生产设备及环境提出了特殊要求.Kosher认证证书有助于提高产品知名度,扩大市场份额.Kosher犹太食品认证从加工配料、加工设备、工艺流程、配方标识等方面提出了具体要求,认证程序非常严格.目前已有三家欧美认证机构在国内正式开展Kosher认证业务,相信随着国际贸易的持续扩大,Kosher认证将会在我国取得快速的发展.     

上百项农残限量挡不住出口增长新疆番茄制品跨越壁垒

从新疆出入境检验检疫局获悉 :今年上半年 ,新疆出口番茄酱达 5 5 39万美元 ,同比增长 2 8 3% ,在农产品出口频遭国外绿色壁垒的情况下 ,新疆番茄制品达到了欧盟、日本等国的苛刻要求 ,成功跨越壁垒。据新疆出入境检验检疫局食品处处长于千介绍 ,今年上半年 ,日本客商对新疆出口番茄制品提出了 116项农药残留的限量标准 ,并要求新疆各出口番茄制品生产厂 ,提供番茄原料 3年内农药使用情况和周围种植其他农作物的农药使用情况调查表。此外 ,沙特阿拉伯、斯里兰卡等国家对新疆出口番茄制品要求出具转基因证明。澳大利亚提出要对硝酸盐、亚硝酸…     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the