材料阻尼及ZA合金阻尼性能的研究现状

综述材料的阻尼特性及ZA合金阻尼性能的机制测量方法与研究现状。     

高阻尼铸铁的阻尼性能

研究了高阻尼铸铁的振幅效应和高阻尼铸铁在低频率和较高频率测量条件下的阻尼性能,并分别与相同碳当量的灰铁进行了比较。     

合金元素及热处理对轻型钢结构性能的影响分析

在含镁轻型钢结构中添加不同含量的合金元素Cr和Y,并采用不同工艺对其进行了热处理,测试和分析了其拉伸性能、冲击性能、耐中性盐雾腐蚀性能、耐碱性电化学腐蚀性能和抗疲劳性能。结果表明,合金元素Cr和Y的添加以及热处理工艺的采用,有利于提高含镁轻型钢结构的性能;与未添加合金元素相比,复合添加合金元素Cr和Y可使其室温抗拉强度增加68 MPa,-20℃冲击吸收功增加9.6 J,经100 h盐雾腐蚀后的质量损失率减少9.9%,腐蚀电位正移111m V;此外,分级退火较常规退火更为有效地提高其性能。     

阻尼合金的研究发展现状

阻尼合金不仅拥有将机械振动能转化为热能并耗散掉的物理特性,而且具有较好的力学性能.如果将阻尼合金制造成零件应用到装备中将能有效控制设备运行时产生的振动和噪声,因此具有重要的工程价值.概述了复相型、位错型、孪晶型、铁磁型和Fe-Mn基阻尼合金的阻尼机制,归纳了影响上述合金阻尼性能的因素以及提高合金阻尼性能的途径.同时,对...     

CuAlMn形状记忆合金的高阻尼特性

用悬臂梁弯曲共振法研究了新型CuAlMn系形状记忆合金在马氏体态和母相态的阻尼特性.研究结果表明:室温马氏体态Cu-10.5%Al-6%Mn(质量分数)和室温母相态Cu-11%Al-8%Mn形状记忆合金在表面应变振幅为4.05MPa时,都具有很高的阻尼性能,内耗Q-1接近0.1; 两种形态的CuAlMn形状记忆合金的阻尼性能都随应力振幅增加而下降,且母相态合金阻尼性能下降速度更快.     

一种放电等离子烧结法制备铁磁型阻尼合金的组织与性能

分别采用放电等离子烧结（SPS）及传统的感应熔炼+锻造+退火（VIMFA）的方法制备了成分为Fe-16Cr-2.5Mo （质量分数,%）的铁磁型阻尼合金。对比研究了SPS和VIMFA合金的组织与性能。结果表明,SPS合金具有较高的致密性。随着烧结温度的增加和保温时间的延长,Cr和Mo元素在α-Fe固溶体中的溶解度明显提高,组织均匀性得到显著改善。与VIMFA合金相比,SPS合金具有相对较低的饱和磁化强度和相对较高的矫顽力。但SPS合金仍然拥有优良的阻尼性能,且随着烧结温度的升高和保温时间的延长,其阻尼能力逐渐增加。SPS合金比VIMFA合金拥有明显提高的抗压缩强度,且随着烧结温度的升高呈现出逐渐增加的趋势。     

Cu-Al-Be-X合金阻尼性能研究

研究了Ｃｕ－Ａｌ－Ｂｅ－Ｘ合金在铸态、空冷淬火及水冷淬火态下的阻尼性能。结果表明该合金热弹性马氏体界面数量越多,过饱和空位越少,阻尼越高;并且在马氏体界面数量一定的情况下,随着应变振幅的增大,阻尼增大。     

多孔Mg97Zn1Y2材料的力学性能与阻尼性能

多孔材料是一种新型轻质的结构-功能材料,具有较高的阻尼性能,同时兼具密度小、质量轻等特点,使其具有广阔的应用价值。基于此,选取含有长周期特殊结构相（LPSO相）的Mg97Zn1Y2为基体,以MgCO₃为发泡剂,SiC为增粘剂,通过熔体发泡法制备出镁基多孔材料,通过OM、SEM、TEM、XRD及DMA等技术手段,研究多孔Mg97Zn1Y2材料的力学性能、阻尼性能等。结果表明,多孔Mg97Zn1Y2材料主要由镁基体（α-Mg）、LPSO相和SiC相组成,当应变幅值较小时,多孔Mg97Zn1Y2复合材料的阻尼值明显优于Mg97Zn1Y2合金,随着孔隙率的增加,阻尼性能得到改善。孔隙率的增加降低了多孔Mg97Zn1Y2复合材料的抗压缩性能。此外,除了Mg97Zn1Y2合金本身的位错阻尼、界面阻尼和晶界阻尼之外,还有“气相”阻尼,共同影响着多孔Mg97Zn1Y2材料的阻尼性能。     

Fe—Cr—Al—Si合金阻尼性能研究

采用倒扭摆内耗测试仪研究了Ｓｉ对Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ减振合金阻尼性能的影响,结果表明：在Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ中添加少量Ｓｉ（质量分数约为１％）或以Ｓｉ代替Ａｌ并经１２７３Ｋ及以下温度退火后,合金的阻尼性能（对数衰减率）优于Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ,但经１２７３Ｋ以温度退火后,阻尼性能不及Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ;以少量Ｓｉ代替Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ中少量Ａｌ并经１３７３Ｋ以上温度退火空冷后,合金的阻尼性能比Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ提高     

Effect of Structure on the Damping Capacity and Mechanical Properties of Iron Alloys with Magnetomechanical Damping

The effect of the size of grains and magnetic domains on the damping capacity primarily determined by magnetomechanical damping is considered for iron alloys with the ferrite structure. The indeterminacy of the value of magnetomechanical damping in a single crystal and in large-grain polycrystals is considered. The effect of carbide, graphite, and ordered phases on the mechanical properties and damping capacity of ion alloys with predominantly ferritic structure and with other matrices is studied. The results of the study are generalized from the standpoint of structural mechanisms of internal friction.     

减振性能优异的形状记忆合金

减振性能优良的铜系形状记忆合金日本东北大学的科研人员开发了一种吸振和降噪性能优良的孪晶型减振合金,这种减振合金是具有形状记忆功能的铜-铝-锰系合金,其抗拉强度也很高,而且减振性能较之传统形状记忆合金约高1．5倍以上。这种铜-铝-锰合金能够经受80％以上的冷加工变形率,而传统的镍一钛系和铜系形状记忆合金只能承爱20％-30％的轧制加工就会产生破裂。     

Properties and Structure of AlZnMg/Steel Fibre Composite Material

Editorial Note and Synopsis

This paper does not fall within the usual strict definition of cast metals science and technology, since it is concerned with a wholly solid-state process. It has, however, been accepted for publication in Cast Metals, since its treatment of the influence of fibre reinforcement on mechanical properties of a light alloy is considered to be pertinent to the growing understanding of the behaviour of composites, whether wrought or cast, as a major group of essentially new materials.

In this paper, the author examines the properties of a composite material with a matrix of hardenable AlZn4Mg1 alloy, reinforced by maraging steel fibres. For the purpose of the investigation the material was produced from layers of steel reinforcement fibre, interleaved with aluminium foil, which were subsequently hot pressed under vacuum. It was found that the presence of reinforcement fibres increased the strength by approximately twice the initial value. Nevertheless, the theoretical strength and Young's Modulus were about 15% higher than the values obtained. This was thought to be due to the considerable heterogeneity of the matrix. The reinforcement steel exhibited plastic behaviour, the matrix condition depending on the type of ageing. The diffusion layer on the fibre surface exhibited brittle fracture.     

混杂增强镁基复合材料的力学和阻尼性能

采用液相压力浸渍工艺制备出碳化硅颗粒(SiCp)和硅酸铝短纤维(Al2O3·SiO2f)混杂增强的镁基复合材料,研究了其机械与阻尼性能。发现镁基复合材料的强度与纯镁相比得到了显著的改善,而阻尼性能有所降低。并且2个弛豫内耗峰存在于复合材料试样中,出现在约150℃的峰Ⅰ不仅存在于纯镁试样中而且还存在于其复合材料试样中,认为其与位错的运动有关;出现在约250℃的峰Ⅱ仅存在于复合材料的试样中,分析认为是由于碳化硅颗粒与镁基体的界面滑移所致。     

Structure and Damping Capacity of Br022 Bell Bronze

The effect of the structure formed after heat treatment, including hardening from 550 – 700°C and subsequent tempering, on the damping capacity of Br022 bell bronze is considered. It is shown that heat treatment makes it possible to change the damping capacity of bronzes in the needed direction.     

CuAlBe高强度阻尼合金与不锈钢扩散焊接头组织

以Ｎｉ箔作中间层对新型舰船准行器用阻尼材料ＣｕＡｌＢｅ合金与１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔ９不锈钢固相扩散焊接头的微观组织及断口形貌进行了电镜、电子探针线扫描、Ｘ射线衍射及微区能等微观分析。结果表明,焊接热循环易使ＣｕＡｌＢｅ合金近界面和成粗大β相,α相沿晶界网状分布这将引起热弹必马一阻尼功能退化,同时,ＣｕＡｌＢｅ合金与１Ｃｕ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢两者塑性变形能力的差异及Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ界面Ｋｉｒｋｅｎｄａｌｌ}效     

Properties of Steel with Nanobainitic Structure

Metal Science and Heat Treatment - The structure and properties of a steel containing 0.8% C, 1.36 Mn, 1.68% Si, 0.6% Co, 0.5% Mo, 0.86% Cr and 0.36% Al are studied after quenching in molten salts...     

铬对含硼高锰钢组织和性能的影响

在含硼高锰钢中加入不同含量的铬(0～3.0%),随着铬含量的增加,铸态组织中碳化物数量增多,形态变小;经1 110℃水韧处理后,未溶和析出碳化物增多,硬度随之升高,在HBS 225～266之间变化,同时冲击韧性下降,最高值kα=228.2 J/cm2,最低值kα=104.1 J/cm2。在低冲击应力磨料磨损条件下,磨损表面形貌SEM照片显示由犁沟状转变为以碾压痕和沟槽为主,并有少量断续不规则的犁沟。含硼高锰钢中加入2%左右的铬,综合性能较好。