Fe-Al金属间化合物的研究进展

概述了Fe-Al金属间化合物的基本特性,简述了几种改善Fe-Al金属间化合物脆性的常规方法。详细介绍了Fe-Al金属间化合物作为高温耐磨耐蚀涂层和高温气体净化多孔材料的研究新方向,以及借助先进的定向凝固技术制备Fe-Al-Ta金属基复合材料的研究新进展,指出了当前Fe-Al金属间化合物的研究领域存在的问题及今后的主要发展方向。     

高速电弧喷涂Fe-Al/Cr3C2涂层高温性能研究

使用高速电弧喷涂技术结合Fe-Al/Cr3C2粉芯丝材制备了铁铝金属间化合物涂层,对涂层的高温磨损性能、高温冲蚀性能和高温腐蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明,与基体比较,涂层的耐高温冲蚀性能良好,温度升高,涂层冲蚀性能提高,角度增大,冲蚀性能提高;由于Cr2O3的存在以及涂层结合能的提高,Fe-Al/Cr3C2涂层的高温抗腐蚀性能较高;由于C元素的富积,涂层具有优异的常温耐磨损性能,其高温耐磨损性能也较高.     

Fe-Al金属间化合物氢脆效应研究现状

Fe-Al金属间化合物具有良好的抗氧化、抗硫化腐蚀性能以及高温结构性质,而且质轻价廉,在航空航天、汽车工业、能量转换系统、过滤材料等领域具有广阔的应用前景,但在室温下易发生环境脆化,这也是其未能得到大规模应用的主要原因。本文在介绍Fe-Al金属间化合物特性的基础上,重点综述了Fe-Al金属间化合物氢脆行为及其机制的实验和理论研究进展,提出了今后的研究方向。     

氩弧熔覆Fe-Al金属间化合物复合涂层的组织与性能

为改善Fe-Al金属间化合物的力学性能及抗高温氧化性能,利用氩弧熔覆方法在Q235钢上制备了Fe-Al熔覆层和Fe-Al/Al_2O_3熔覆层。采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、硬度计、磨粒磨损试验机对氩弧熔覆涂层进行显微组织结构观察和磨损性能测试。采用高温氧化试验对涂层的耐高温氧化性进行了研究。结果表明:Fe-Al熔覆层形成FeAl和Fe_3Al相,而Fe-Al/Al_2O_3熔覆涂层含有FeAl、Fe_3Al和Al_2O_3相;熔覆层的耐磨粒磨损性能优于基体且Fe-Al/Al_2O_3熔覆层优于Fe-Al熔覆层;熔覆层的耐高温氧化性能明显提高,在700℃下,Fe-Al熔覆层和Fe-Al/Al_2O_3熔覆层相比于基体分别提高了4.46和5.68倍。     

Fe3Al金属间化合物性能特点及熔制工艺研究

叙述了金属间化合物的相关知识,介绍了Fe-Al系金属间化合物的结构特征、性能特点和应用前景,强调指出由于该材料优良的抗高温氧化性能、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性而具有重要应用价值.研究了用感应电炉在大气条件下熔炼Fe3Al金属间化合物的生产工艺过程,成功地浇注出金属铸件.     

Fe3Al基金属间化合物涂层的研究进展

Fe3Al金属间化合物具有良好的高温性能,在钢表面制备Fe3Al基金属间化合物涂层能有效提高基体在高温下的抗氧化、耐腐蚀、耐摩擦和抗冲蚀性能,其抗硫化性能甚至优于不锈钢.相比于同等功能的陶瓷涂层,Fe3Al涂层与基体有更好的相容性.综述了Fe3Al基金属间化合物涂层的研究现状,介绍了涂层性能及影响因素,涂层制备的主要工艺方法和技术特点,主要包括热喷涂、堆焊、激光合成等.     

激光熔覆在金属间化合物涂层材料制备中的应用

在分析金属间化合物涂层材料特点的基础上，综述各种激光熔覆合成金属间化合物涂层的研究现状，分析各种金属间化合物涂层的组织及性能，研究表明激光熔覆合成的金属间化合物涂层均具有优异的耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗氧化等性能。     

TiAl金属间化合物的高温氧化与防护研究进展

ＴｉＡｌ金属间化合物在高温下形成Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＯ２混合氧化膜，抗氧化能力较差，耐施加合适的防护涂层。本文综合评述ＴｉＡｌ金属间化合物的高温氧化机理，合金元素、表面处理及防护涂层对其抗氧化性能的影响。     

Fe-Al金属间化合物材料的强化机理及其高温性能研究现状

对Fe-Al金属间化合物的高温力学性能和抗氧化性能的研究现状进行了回顾.归纳和描述了固溶强化、析出强化、有序强化、弥散强化等强化机理以及Fe-Al材料抗氧化的机理.并对Fe-Al材料研究的发展进行了展望.     

定向凝固金属间化合物的研究进展

金属间化合物具有高熔点、高强度、良好的抗氧化和耐腐蚀等性能,被广泛应用于航空航天、能源动力、冶金工程等方面,然而金属间化合物的室温脆性限制了其发展及应用。目前常采用热处理、合金化、机械合金化等技术手段解决金属间化合物室温脆性的问题。其中,采用定向凝固技术制备的共晶自生复合材料受到了广泛的关注,该技术通过控制凝固参数,改变材料组织和相组成来提高材料性能。本文介绍了Ni-Al系、Ti-Al系、Nb-Si系、Fe-Al系几种常见金属间化合物,简述了几种常见金属间化合物的性能及特点,总结了定向凝固Ni-Al系、Ti-Al系、Nb-Si系、Fe-Al系金属间化合物的组织特征、性能特点、应用情况,并展望了定向凝固金属间化合物未来的发展方向。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...