A new publication from the landscape research group

Charles Bridgeman and the English Landscape Garden

by Peter Willis 1977

£50 Studies in Architecture XVII A Zwemmer Ltd

Alexander Pope and the Arts of Georgian England by Morris R Brownell 1978

£16 Oxford University Press

A WORLD WITH A VIEW ‐

An Inquiry into the Nature of Scenic Values

pp 196 (illus.) $15.00

MAPPING MOORLAND CHANGE ‐

A framework for land use decisions in the Peak District.

M. L. Parry: Peak District National Park. 1977     

The State of the Nation's Ecosystems: Measuring the lands,waters and living resources of the United States

Landscape Transformed

London, Academy Editions, 1996, 112 pp., no price given, ISBN 1–85490–452–3

Sculpting with the Environment: a natural dialogue

Baile Oakes (Ed.)

New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1995, ISBN 0–442–01642–5, 252 pp., £45.00, hb.

After the Ruins: restoring the countryside of Northern France after the Great War

Hugh Clout

Exeter, University of Exeter Press, 1996, ISBN 0–85989–491–6,332 pp., £35.

Environmental Aesthetics: ideas, politics and planning

J. Douglas Porteous

London and New York, Routledge, 1996, ISBN 0–415–13769–1, 20 pp., £15.99.

Countryside Survey 1990 Main Report

C.J. Barr, R.G.H. Bunce, R.T. Clarke, R.M. Fuller, M.T. Furse, M.K. Gillespie, G.B. Groom, C.J. Hallam, M. Hornung, D.C. Howard &; M.J. Ness

London, Department of the Environment, 1993, 174 pp., £12.00 (available from DoE Publications Sales Unit, Block 3, Spur 2, Government Buildings, Lime Grove, Eastcote, HA4 8SE)

World of Environmental Design, Volume 1: Urban Spaces I (Streets and Squares)

Francisco Asenio Cerver

Barcelona, Arco Editorial, 1995, 255 pp., US$75 (per volume) ISBN 84–8185–004–7 (complete work), ISBN 84–8185–005–5 (Volume 1)

’The Remains of Distant Times’: archaeology and the National Trust

David Morgan Evans, Peter Salway &; David Thackray (Eds)

Woodbridge, Suffolk, The Boydell Press, 1996, ISBN 0–85115–671–1, hb, 235 pp., £29.50

Apostle of Taste: Andrew Jackson Downing 1815–1852

D. Schuyler

Baltimore, fohns Hopkins University Press, 1996, ISBN 0–8018–5229–3, $35.95     

Review

COUNTRYSIDE PLANNING

Andrew W. Gilg, (Department of Geography), University of Exeter

Published by David and Charles. 255 pp.

SCOTLAND'S SCENIC HERITAGE

Countryside Commission for Scotland 1978 (100 ppBibl.)     

Book reviews

Hostels to Homes. T. Dant and A. Deacon. Aldershot: Avebury. 1989. £25.00 hardback.

Scottish Housing: Policy and Politics 1885–1985. Richard Rodger (ed). Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1989. pp250. £35.00.

Urban Decline. David Clark. London: Routledge, 1989. pp161. £25.00 (hardback).

Beyond the Inner City. David Byrne. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1989. pp179. £9.99 (paperback).

Homelessness in Britain. J. Greve with E. Currie. York: Joseph Rowntree Memorial Trust, 1990. pp32.

The New Homeless: The Crisis of Youth Homelessness and the Response of the Local Housing Authorities. R. Thornton. London: SHAC (The London Housing Aid Centre), 1990. pp86. £3.95.

Address Unknown: The Homeless in America. J. D. Wright. New York Aldine de Gruyter, 1989. pp170. DM42 (paperback).     

Race and the allocation of public housing: Changing perspectives,recurrent themes

Housing on Trial. By Elizabeth Burney. Oxford University Press (for Institute of Race Relations). 1967.

What Price Equality? Deborah Phillips, Greater London Council 1986.

Race, Class and the Allocation of State Housing. By Jeff Henderson and Valerie Kam. Aldershot: Gower. 1987.

Race and Housing: New Perspectives. edited by Susan Smith and John Mercer, University of Glasgow, Centre for Housing Research. 1987.     

Book reviews

Reshaping Housing Policy: Subsidies, Rents and Residualisation. Peter Malpass. London: Routledge, 1989. pp196. £9.95 (paperback).

A Nation of Home Owners. Peter Saunders. London: Unwin and Hyman, 1990. pp418. £12.95 (paperback). £35.00 (hardback).

Ethnic Minority Housing: Explanations and Policies. Philip Sarre, Deborah Phillips and Richard Skellington. Aldershot: Avebury, 1989. xxiii, pp384. £35.00 (hardback). Research in Ethnic Relations Series.

Housing Policy in Developing Countries. Gil Shidlo (ed). London and New York: Routledge, 1990.

Rebuilding a Low‐Income Housing Policy. Rachel Bratt. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1989. pp399.

Housing and Social Policy. D. Clapham, P. Kemp and S. J. Smith. London: Macmillan, 1990. pp274. £35.00 (hardback). £9.95 (paperback).

Privatism and Urban Policy in Britain and the United States. Timothy Bamekov, Robin Boyle and Daniel Rich. Oxford University Press, 1989. pp267. £35.00 (cloth).

Housing Policy: An Introduction. Paul N. Balchin. London, Routledge. 1989 second edition. 312pp. £30.00 cloth.     

Review

LANDSCAPE PLANNING: an international journal on landscape ecology, reclamation and conservation, outdoor recreation and land‐use management (p122pp Illus.)

LAND SHAPE by Caroline Tisdall.

A review of The Land: Twentieth Century Landscape Photographs at the Victoria and Albert Museum, London and The Land published by Gordon Fraser (hardcover £6.00 softcover £2,75).

Courtesy The Guardian (November 28th, 1975).     

Book reviews

Cities, Housing and Profits: Flat Break‐up and the Decline of Private Renting. by Chris Hamnett and Bill Randolph. London: Hutchin‐son. 1988. 297pp. £25.00.

A Property‐Owning Democracy? by M. J. Daunton. London: Faber and Faber. 1987. 148pp. $6.95 (£3.95).

Loft Living: Culture & Capital in Urban Change. by Sharon Zukin. London: Radius. 1988. £8.95 (paperback).

Housing Association Law. by J. Alder and C. R. Handy. Sweet and Maxwell. 1987. 330pp. £26.00 (paperback).

The Design Professions and the Built Environment. edited by Paul L. Knox. London: Croom Helm 1988. 313pp. £35.00.

The Local State and Uneven Development. by Simon Duncan and Mark Goodwin. Cambridge: Polity Press (in association with Basil Blackwell). 1988. £8.95 (paperback).

Rehumanizing Housing. Necdet Teymur, Thomas A Markus and Tom Woolley (eds). London: Butterworths. 1988. pp196. £30.00.

Housing Policy and Tenures in Sweden. Lennort J. Lundquist. Gower 1988. pp173. FXX.

Housing in Postwar Canada: Demographic Change, Household Formation, and Housing Demand. John R Miron. Kingston and Montreal: McGill‐Queen's University Press. 1988. pp320. $35.00 (paperback).     

Book reviews

Implementing Housing Policy. Peter Malpass and Robin Means (eds) Buckingham: Open University Press, 1993, pp 194, £12.99.

Housing Policy in the 1990s. Johnston Birchall (ed) London: Routledge, 1992, pp 193, £12.99.

Housing Policy and Action. Peter Malpass, Matthew Warburton, Glen Bramley and Gavin Smart (eds) Bristol: SAUS, 1993, pp 115, £9.75.

Built to Last? Reflections on British Housing Policy. Carol Grant (ed). London: Roof, 1992, pp 177 £7.95 (paperback)

Dislodging the Welfare State? Housing and Privatization in Four European Nations. Lennart J. Lundqvist, Delft: Delft University Press. 1992. 144 pp.

The Crisis of London. A. Thornley (ed) London: Routledge, 1992. pp 213. £40 (hardback), £9.99 (paperback).

Hovels to High Rise. State Housing in Europe Since 1850. Anne Power. London and New York: Routledge, 1993. pp 434, £45.00 (hardback), £15.99 (paperback)

Government and Housing. W. van Vliet and J. van Weesep (eds).

Developments in Seven Countries. (1990). Volume 36, Urban Affairs Annual Reviews. Sage Publications, 1990. pp. 293 16.95

Housing Strategies in Europe, 1880–1930, C. Pooley (ed). Leicester University Press, 1992, £49.95

Housing Finance in the UK: An Introduction. Kenneth Gibb and Moira Munro, London: Macmillan Education Ltd, 1991. pp 266. £11.99 (paperback).     

Book reviews

Home Ownership: Differentiation and Fragmentation. Ray Forrest, Alan Murie and Peter Williams. London: Unwin Hyman, 1990. pp234. £12.95 (paper).

The Politics of ‘Race’ and Residence: Citizenship, Segregation and White Supremacy in Britain. Susan J. Smith, Oxford: Polity‐ Press, 1989. £29.50 (cloth), £9.95 (paper).

Housing Finance. David Garnett, Barbara Reid and Helen Riley. Harlow: Longman/Institute of Housing, 1990. pp171. £12.95.

Squatter Citizen: Life in the Urban Third World. Jorge E. Hardoy and David Satterthwaite. London: Earthscan Publications Ltd, 1989. pp ix + 374. £9.95 (paperback).

Moving the Housing Market. Ray Forrest and Alan Murie. Aldershot: Avebury. 1990. pp129. £27.50.

Under One Roof. Michael Ball. Harvester Wheatsheaf. 1990.     

Book reviews

Housing, Race and Law. Martin MacEwen. London: Routledge, 1991. ppxvii + 490.

Deterioration of the Public Sector Housing Stock. Diane Diacon. Aldershot: Avebury, 1991. pp267, £32.50 hardback.

The Colour of Money. The Impact of Housing Investment Decision Making on Black Housing Outcomes in London. Beverley Mullings. London: London Race and Housing Unit, Runnymede Trust 1991. pp142. £7.95.

Third World Housing in Social and Spatial Development: The Case of Jakarta. Lars Marcussen. Aldershot: Avebury, 1990. pp205. £28.50.

Clearance: The View from the Street. Frances Heywood and Mohammed Rashid Naz. Birmingham: Community Forum, 1990. pp284. £10.95.

No Place Like Home: The Hostels Experience. P. L. Garside, R. W. Grimshaw and F. J. Ward, Department of the Environment. London: HMSO. pp131, plus four Appendices and Bibliography. £16.00.

Housing and Labour Markets: Building the Connections. John Allen and Chris Hamnett (eds). London: Unwin Hyman, 1990. pp304, £14.95 (paper).     

Book reviews

Housing Policy and Practice in Asia. edited by Seong‐Kyu Ha London: Croom Helm 1987. p197. Tables, figures, index. £25.00.

The Mortgage Market. by M. Boleat and A. Coles. Studies in Financial Institutions and Markets No 3. London; George Allen & Unwin, 1987. ppxi + 176. £25.

The Housing Morass: Regulation, Immobility and Unemployment. by Patrick Minford, Michael Peel and Paul Ashton. London: Institute of Economic Afiairs, 1987. pp 162. £6.50.

Rural Housing in Scotland: Recent Research and Policy. edited by Bryan MacGregor, Douglas Robertson and Mark Shucksmith. Aberdeen University Press. 1987. pp 224 £11.90 paper.

Property Before People, the Management of Twentieth Century Council Housing. by Anne Power. London: Allen and Unwin. 1987. £9.95 paper.

Housing, Dwellings and Homes: Design Theory, Research and Practice. by Roderick J. Lawrence. Chichester John Wiley and Sons. 1987. pp 290. £34.00 cloth.     

Book reviews

The Housing and Living Environment for Retired people in Australia. edited by Ross Thorne. Sydney: Hale & Iremonger. 1986. pp348 $A 29.95.

The Modern Urban Landscape. by Edward Relph. London: Croom Helm, 1987 pp279. £10.95.

Housing the Homeless. edited by Jon Erickson and Charles Wilhelm New Brunswick, New Jersey: Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University. 1986. pp459. $19.95.

Cities: Special Issue: Shelter and Homelessness. Vol 4 No 1, February 1987. London: Butterworth. pp104.     

Book reviews

Meadowell: The Biography of an ‘Estate with Problems‘. M. Barke and G. Turnbull. Aldershot: Avebury, 1992. pp xii and 159. £32.50 (hardback)

Beyond Self‐help Housing. Kosta Mathey (ed). Munich: Profil Verlag and London: Mansell Publishing 1992 pp xiv + 4.17. £40.000

Housing Demography. Dowell Myers (ed). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991 £14.50

Housing and Social Theory. J. Kemeny. London: Routledge, 1992. pp 192. £35.00 (hardback)

Property, Bureaucracy and Culture: Middle‐class Formation in Contemporary Britain. M. Savage, M. Barlow, P. Dickens and T. Fielding. London: Routledge, 1992, pp 224. £40.00 (hardback)

Staying Put Revisited. Sheila Mackintosh and Philip Leather. Anchor Housing Trust, 1992. pp 102. £7.50.

The Politics and Pragmatism of Urban Containment. M. Murray. Aldershot: Avebury, 1991. pp viii + 280. £35.00 (hardback)

Building Capitalism: Historical Change and the Labour Process in the Production of the Built Environment. Linda Clarke. London: Routledge, 1992. pp 316. £65.00 (hardback) £19.99 paperback

The Visible Poor: Homelessness in America. J. Blau. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. pp 235. £19.50

Urban Housing: Segregation of Minorities in Western Europe and the United States. Elizabeth D. Huttman (ed), Wim Blauw and Juliet Saltman (coeds). Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1991. pp 431. $59.95     

Book reviews

Landlords and Property. Social Relations in the Private Rented Sector. J. Allen and L. McDowell. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. pp209. £30.00.

Housebuilding in Britain's Countryside. Mark Shucksmith. London: Routledge, 1990. pp234. £35.00

A Radical Agenda ‐ after the New Right and the Old Left. David Donnison, London: Rivers Oram Press, 1991. pp215. £9.95 (paperback)

Housing Policy in the Socialist Third World. Kosta Mathey (ed). London: Mansell, 1990. pp332. £40.00.

Living in a Man‐made World: Gender Assumptions in Modern Housing Design. M. Roberts. London: Routledge, 1991. ppl77 and vii‐xii £10.99 paperback.     

Housing during recession: Illustrations from Latin America

Latin America's cities grew rapidly after 1940 during a period of continuous economic growth. Booming populations were accommodated by a massive increase in the housing stock. Most of the increase in the low‐income housing stock came from ‘self‐help’ construction. Much of the consequent housing was gradually improved and serviced; levels of owner occupation increased.

Since 1980, of course, economic and social conditions in most Latin American countries have deteriorated. The debt crisis, consequent inflation, and governmental responses to those twin problems have led to a sharp deterioration in living standards for poor and middle class alike. This prompts the question: what has happened to the housing stock and how has self‐help construction reacted to conditions of economic recession?

The paper analyses recent changes in the Latin American housing situation with illustrations from Mexico and Venezuela. It examines state policy in the two countries and asks whether self‐help housing constitutes ‘an architecture that works’ even under conditions of extreme economic recession.     

Book reviews

Public Housing: Current Trends and Future Developments. edited by David Clapham and John English London: doom Helm, 1987.174pp. £22.50 cloth.

Shelter, Settlement and Development. edited by Lloyd Rodwin, Foreword by Dr Arcot Ramachandran, London: Allen & Unwin, 1987. 476 + xviipp. £30.

Building Communities the Co‐operative Way. by Johnston Birchall, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988 223pp. £14.95.

The Weller Way. The Story of the Welter Street"s Housing Co‐operative. by Alan McDonald, London: Faber and Faber 1987 222pp. £2.95.

The Property Owing Democracy. edited by John Doling, Janet Ford and Bruce Stafford: Gower, 1988. 259pp. £25.     

Landscape news

Perhaps the key feature about upland landscapes in general is that they demonstrate quite distinctive regional variety and identity. Maintaining the distinct identity or ‘landscape image’ should perhaps be the most basic aim of uplands landscape policy.

Government agencies and local authorities should address themselves to devising landscape policies for the uplands based on conservation of special heritage landscapes, implementation of conservation and development packages in suitable areas, and creation of new upland landscapes in areas where change is acceptable.

Although it is difficult to determine the values in upland landscapes, it should be possible to identify areas where different policies should apply, by considering scenic value, ecological value, historical value, cultural association and amenity value.

Upland landscapes are often very sensitive to change of a very local and subtle character as well as at the wider scale. Such change if extensive enough, or insensitive enough, can destroy the basic image of upland areas. Such threatening changes, and the reasons underlying them, should be identified to ensure that practical policies are pursued in relation to the landscape policy objectives of each area.

Further attention should be given to the merits of a landscape classification system as a tool in devising landscape policies.

The Countryside Commission should encourage extension of the trial of positive financial incentives to areas other than the Peak District, and should monitor the use of all available tools to assist in conservation of the uplands and disseminate information about their use.

There should be mandatory co‐operation between the agencies concerned, to develop agreed policies towards the uplands.

A system should be established for monitoring landscape change regularly and comprehensively.     

American overseas study programs in landscape architecture to Europe: an analysis of program goals

THE LAKE DISTRICT, LANDSCAPE HERITAGE, William Rollinson (Ed.), Newton Abbot, David &; Charles, 1989, 200pp., ISBN 0–7153–9077–5, £14.95.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN, AND PLANNING, Antoinette Paris Powell, London, Mansell, 1987, (original US ed'n by Oryx Press, 1987), 312 pp, 0–7201–1953–7, £45.00

DET FORäNDERLIGA LANDS‐KAPET — UTVECKLING OCH FRAMTIDSBILDER, (The Changing Landscape —development and future scenarios), Lars Emmelin &; Gunnar Brusewitz, 128pp., maps and tables. Esselte Herzogs, Uppsala, 1985. ISBN 91–36–02259–4.

LOUDON AND THE LAND‐SCAPE FROM COUNTRY SEAT TO METROPOLIS, Melanie Louise Simo, Yale University Press, 1988, pp. 337.

THE GARDEN IN VICTORIAN LITERATURE by Michael Waters, Aldershot: Scolar Press, 1988. pp. xii + 371. £30.00.

THE POETICS OF GARDENS, Charles W. Moore, William J. Mitchell &; William Turnbull, M IT Press, 1989, ISBN 0–262–13231–1.

THE SEARCH FOR THE PICTURESQUE: Landscape Aesthetics and Tourism in Britain, 1760–1800, Malcolm Andrews, London, Scolar Press, 1989, 269pp., ISBN 0–85967–693–5, £45.00.

THE ROAD TO BOTANY BAY: An essay in Spatial History, Paul Carter, pp. xxv + 384, 32 plates, Faber &; Faber 1987, £15.00 HB, £6.95 PB.

VALUING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES IN THE USA, BRITAIN, AND AUSTRALIA, J. A. Russell, Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, Occasional Paper 22, 1988, Hobart, ISSN 0810–4395, 107 pp, A$ 12.00.

COUNTRYSIDE PLANNING IN PRACTICE: THE SCOTTISH EXPERIENCE, P. H. Selman (Ed.), Stirling; University of Stirling Press, 1988, pp. 279, 0–948812–02–8.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT: Theory and Practice, Peter Wathern (Ed.), ?London, Unwin Hyman, 1988, 322pp., ISBN 0–04–445042–7 HB, £40.00.

PROPERTY AND LAND‐SCAPE: A Social History of Land Ownership and the English Countryside, Tom Williamson and Liz Bellamy, George Philip, London, 1987. ISBN 0–540–01125–8.     

Synposium on land use and landscape quality university of Reading

Upland scenery has been particularly valued by the British since the time of the Picturesque landscape movement and the Romantic literary movement. More recent active mountain and moorland recreation has increased interest in upland landscapes without diminishing the value attached to their beauty.

The key elements of upland scenery are open moorland, fell or mountain on high ground; pastoral land; and deep ravines along which streams flow. The variety of each place arises from the variations of these elements and the relation between them.

The wild bareness of open moorland vegetation covering skylines is a key characteristic of British uplands. Coniferous forestry is being established across large areas of moorland; whether some areas should be kept free of forestry does not at present seem to be a definite part of land strategy.

New agricultural grass intakes are enclosing and fragmenting some moors, for instance Exmoor, the North Yorks Moors and parts of mid Wales. The impact of such intakes on scenery is greatest where the junction between moorland and pastoral land is hard‐edged or where land forms are simple.

A strong pattern of stone walls or hedgebanks encloses fields in some regions. In some areas field sizes are increasing without breaking up the network of boundaries. Elsewhere traditional field patterns are being replaced by a less defined spread of grassland enclosed by fences. This reduces the humanised appearance of the landscape and is a change that is all but irreversible. Vernacular buildings too are slowly becoming fewer. And many small deciduous woods, often originally features of designed picturesque landscapes, are declining or being converted into coniferous woodland of geometric outline.

The impact of such changes varies from place to place. Sometimes change which could be beautiful detracts from a landscape only because it is initiated without sensibility to the appearance of that landscape. Sometimes a place is so appealing that maintenance of its present character may be valid.