新型挤压油膜阻尼器OSFD的理论研究

将O型环阻尼器与挤压油膜阻尼器组合使用，可以克服SFD设计中固有的缺陷，通过对刚性转子的不平衡响应分析表明，OSFD的设计既可以满足正常设计工况下的小不平衡量，又可以对较大的不平衡量起到良好的减振作用，从而扩大了阻尼器的适用范围，且结构简单，有利于广泛应用。     

Bifurcating behaviour of a rotor on two-lobe wave squeeze film damper

The dynamics of an unbalanced rigid rotor on squeeze film dampers with two-lobe wave bearings was examined by means of a bifurcation analysis based on numerical continuation and on the assumption of the rotor speed as bifurcation parameter. Further parameters in the study were the angular orientation of the bearing, the wave amplitude of the bearing profile and the gravity residual, while single values were given to the static unbalance and the characteristic bearing parameter. The analysis was necessarily restricted, owing to the multiplicity of quantities that affect the system dynamics. Yet, the obtained results put in evidence the way the two-lobe wave geometry influences the bifurcating behaviour of the system, modifying the length of some unstable branches and the whirling periodicity.     

Experimental force response of a grooved squeeze film damper

The effects of a circumferential feeding groove on the dynamic force response of a squeeze film damper are determined experimentally. Open end and sealed damper configurations are tested for different groove depths, Journal orbit radii, whirl frequency and fluid viscosity conditions. Significant levels of dynamic pressures are measured at the groove in dampers with groove depth-to-clearance ratios equal to 5 and 10. These pressures affect considerably the dynamic forces of the dampers tested. Large tangential (damping) forces are produced at the circumferential groove which contribute significantly to the damping characteristics of the test articles. For uncavitated lubricant conditions, radial forces of substantial magnitude are determined at the groove and at the thin film land where the squeeze film Reynolds numbers are typically less than 1.     

Evaluation of various fluid-film models for use in the analysis of squeeze film dampers with a central groove

Experimental vibration responses of squeeze film dampers (SFDs) are obtained with four different central groove depths, two types of lubricant and various unbalance levels. Highly non-linear fluid stiffness and damping are observed, the damping being sensitively related to oil viscosity and unbalance. Existing oil film models are applied to predict the SFD behaviour. A special groove-two land model is able to predict the vibration behaviour of a very shallow grooved SFD and the conventional two-land theory is applicable to a SFD with a very deep groove. These observations provide useful guidelines for designing a shallow or deep grooved SFD-rotor assembly.     

Analytical study on effect of a circumferential feeding groove on unbalance response of a flexible rotor in squeeze film damper

Of recent years, a series of researches have shown that a circumferential feeding groove of squeeze film damper (SFD) has evident effect on fluid film forces in SFD. Therefore, the feeding groove also affects dynamic responses of a rotor in SFD. Present work studies the effect of the feeding groove on unbalance response of a flexible rotor in SFD based on new film force models that include effects of the feeding groove and fluid inertia on dynamic characteristics of the fluid film in SFD. Compared with the published work, unbalance responses predicated under considering effect of the feeding groove on the dynamic characteristics in SFD are small, and rotor speed region for unbalance responses with multiple solutions is different, affecting the stability of a rotor system. And the effect of the feeding groove on the unbalance response is related to action of fluid inertia.     

Ferrofluid-based annular squeeze film bearing with the effects of roughness and micromodel patterns of porous structures

ABSTRACT

Based on the ferrohydrodynamic theory by R.E. Rosensweig and roughness effects by Christensen’s stochastic theory, a mathematical model of ferrofluid lubricated flat (parallel) annular disks (plates or surfaces) squeeze film bearing, is developed with the effects of porosity at the upper disk, circumferential or radial roughness at the lower disk and radially variable magnetic field. The validity of the Darcy’s law is assumed for the porous matrix. The resultant modified Reynolds-Darcy equation is solved in terms of Bessel function. Expressions for dimensionless load-carrying capacity are obtained and computed. The results for circumferential roughness pattern show that dimensionless load-carrying capacity increases when thickness & permeability of the porous matrix decreases, and effect of surface roughness & width of the annular part increases. The effects of micromodel patterns of two different porous structures are also discussed. Slightly better performances of the bearing are observed for globular sphere permeability model. A comparative study is also made when lower disk is circumferentially rough or radially rough or smooth for globular sphere model.     

Analytical study of the effect of a circumferential feeding groove on the unbalance response of a rigid rotor in a squeeze film damper

In recent years, a series of researchers have shown that a circumferential feeding groove of a squeeze film damper (SFD) has an evident effect on the forces of fluid film in SFD. Therefore, the feeding groove also affects the dynamic responses of a rotor in SFD. The present work studies the effect of the feeding groove on the unbalance response of a rigid rotor in a squeeze film damper based on the film force models that include effects of the feeding groove and fluid inertia on dynamic characteristics of the fluid film in SFD. Comparisons with the published work show that the feeding groove increases the orbit radius of rotor whirling and affects the unbalance response of a rotor system. The effect of the feeding groove on the unbalance response is also related to the action of fluid inertia.     

Effect of a circumferential feeding groove on fluid force in short squeeze film dampers

The present work studies fluid forces in a squeeze film damper with a circumferential feeding groove. The groove is taken as a special damper to analyse fluid forces. The dynamic performance of the squeeze film damper is attributed to the special damper, two film lands, and their interactions. From this viewpoint, dynamic effects in the groove are studied based on linearized Navier-Stokes equations to consider effects of variations of fluid velocity and pressure in the groove on forces in the damper. Investigations on film lands are conducted by using a simplified Navier-Stokes equation to include fluid inertia. Then, the two part analyses are combined together by studying the interactions of the flow and the pressure between the groove and film lands from the continuity condition and a Navier-Strokes equation, resulting in new models for force predictions. The new models are compared with experimental results and published work. Comparisons show the new models give better predictions and correlation with experimental data than traditional theory. The new models give a significant improvement on results obtained by traditional theory, especially for tangential force. Based on the new models, the effects of the groove on fluid forces are studied.     

A numerical model of an oscillating squeeze film between a rubber surface and a rigid surface

A numerical model for the hydrodynamic behavior of an oscillating squeeze film between a rubber surface and a rigid surface is presented. The effects of roughness of the rubber surface on the hydrodynamic force and the leakage flow rate in the squeeze film are analyzed. A modified Reynolds equation, Laplace equation and a three-parameter viscoelastic constitutive equation are solved simultaneously to obtain the pressure distribution in the squeeze film and the deformation of the rubber surface. Equations are discretized into finite difference equations and solved by Gauss-Siedel iteration method. It is found that increasing roughness of the surface profile significantly increases the hydrodynamic force accompanied by a small decrease in the leakage flow rate. Spatial distribution of the roughness of the rubber surface has no significant effect on the leakage flow rate or hydrodynamic force. The results obtained from the presented simple model are compared with the experimental results available in the literature and a very good agreement is found.     

Non-linear stability analysis of a rigid rotor on tilting pad journal bearings

This paper describes a method for conducting non-linear stability analysis on the synchronous motion of the journal axis and tilting pads in a system consisting of a symmetrical rigid rotor mounted on tilting pad journal bearings with two pads. The method makes it possible to obtain the limit curves separating the stable operating condition, characterized by the above motion, from the so-called unstable one characterized by motions of the pads and journal with a fundamental frequency equal to one half the rotor angular speed. A variational method is used to carry out stability analysis on the synchronous solution of the non-linear equations of motion, obtained in an approximated analytical form using a particularized harmonic balance method.     

High-speed stability of a rigid rotor supported by aerostatic journal bearings with compound restrictors

Demands for higher rotational speed and accuracy for effective manufacture of small holes on printed circuit boards and very small precise parts have been increasing remarkably. Aerostatic journal bearings with compound restrictors have greater stiffness than those with conventional inherently compensated restrictors and are one of the most effective candidates to satisfy these demands. In this work, the instability of a rigid rotor supported by aerostatic journal bearings with compound restrictors was investigated numerically and experimentally. It was found that this type of aerostatic bearings showed a much higher threshold speed for instability compared with bearings with inherently compensated restrictors.     

On the vibration of rotor-bearing system with squeeze film damper in an energy storage flywheel

The permanent magnetic bearing and the small-sized hydrodynamic spiral groove bearing are utilized as supports for the rotor of the energy storage flywheel system. The hydrodynamic bearing and the squeeze film damper do not need the oil cycle to remove the heat caused by friction because the friction loss is small. The linear dynamics model with four degrees of freedom is built to describe the vibration of the flywheel rotor-bearing system. The squeeze film dampers show good behavior in suppressing the vibration and improving the stability of the rotor-bearing system. The analytical solution of the dynamic characteristic coefficients of the squeeze film is achieved from Reynolds equation after some simplifications are taken. The numerical computation shows that the moment unbalance excites larger vibration of the rotor than the force unbalance. The upper damper plays an important role in helping the rotor pass its critical speed. The damping coefficient of the squeeze film dampers should be selected carefully. The flywheel arrived at the speed of 39,000 rpm and stored the energy of 308 Wh in the experiment. The calculated unbalance response is compared to the test response of the rotor storing quantities of kinetic energy. The comparison indicates that the dynamics model of the rotor-bearing-damper system is appropriate.     

Force coefficients for a large clearance open ends squeeze film damper with a central feed groove: Experiments and predictions

The paper describes a large load squeeze film damper (SFD) test rig, details measurements of dynamic loads inducing circular orbits conducted on a large clearance (c=0.250 mm) open ends centrally grooved SFD, and presents the identified experimental SFD force coefficients for operation at three static eccentricities. The rig has a bearing cartridge supported atop four elastic rods and a stationary journal, 0.127 mm in diameter. The damper consists of two parallel film lands, 12.7 mm in length, separated by a central groove, 6.35 mm 9.5 mm in depth. In the journal, three equally spaced holes, 120° apart, supply a light lubricant into the central groove and squeeze film lands. The experimental SFD force coefficients are compared to test results obtained earlier for a damper with the same film land lengths but with a smaller clearance (c=0.140 mm) and against predictions obtained from an advanced physical model that accounts for the flow field in the central groove and the interaction with the adjacent film lands. Dynamic pressures in the film lands and in the central groove are (not) surprisingly of the same order of magnitude. The central groove affects the dynamic forced response of the test damper to generate large direct damping coefficients, ~3.5 times those derived from classical lubrication formulas. Experimental added mass coefficients are ~7.4 times the predictive classical values. Predictions from an advanced model correlate well with the test data when using a shallow groove depth. The measurements and analysis advance knowledge on the dynamic forced performance of SFDs, point out to the limited value of simplistic predictive formulas, and validate the accuracy of a modern predictive tool.     

Dynamic behavior of fluid‐structure coupling of hydrostatic spindle under effect of oil film slip

To better understand the dynamic characteristics of a hydrostatic spindle in fluid‐structure coupling, the impact of oil film slip on the 4 dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of the spindle is studied. On the basis of modified Reynolds equation, which considers the microscale velocity slip effect, rotation error of the spindle is calculated. To solve the rotor axis orbit under the existence of eccentric quality, 4 dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of the oil film, which describe the dynamics of a rotor axis orbit, are calculated by using load increment method and the pressure perturbation method. The research results show that velocity slip caused a certain impact on dynamics of bearing stiffness and damping performance. The experiment of the measuring path of the shaft verifies the correct and effect of the orbit of shaft center model.     

Non-linear dynamic analysis of rub-impact rotor supported by turbulent journal bearings with non-linear suspension

This study presents a dynamic analysis of a rub-impact rotor supported by two turbulent model journal bearings with non-linear suspension. The dynamics of the rotor center and bearing center are studied. The analysis of the rotor-bearing system is investigated under the assumptions of turbulent lubricant flow and a short bearing approximation. The spatial displacements in the horizontal and vertical directions are considered for various non-dimensional speed ratios and dimensionless unbalance parameter. The numerical results show that the stability of the system varies with the non-dimensional speed ratios and the non-dimensional unbalance parameters. The contribution of this study is to provide a further understanding of the characteristics and dynamic behaviors of the rotor-bearing system.     

一种碟簧减振器的动态特性分析

采用理论分析与试验相结合的方法,对碟簧减振器的静刚度特性进行了深入研究,确定了描述碟簧减振器负荷一位移关系的三次函数表达式。通过碟簧减振器动态特性试验,获取了系统的阻尼系数,并建立单向约束条件下碟簧减振系统的动力学方程,为研究碟簧减振器减振性能奠定了理论基础。     

SFD作用下故障转子系统动力学特性及混沌控制

考虑挤压油膜阻尼器(squeeze film damper,简称SFD)作用,研究碰摩故障及不对中-碰摩耦合故障下系统动力学特性及SFD对系统混沌运动控制。基于Lagrange方程,建立不对中-碰摩耦合故障下SFD-转子-滚动轴承系统动力学模型,采用龙格库塔法对模型求解,并利用分岔图、Poincaré图、频谱图等进行对比分析。研究结果表明:合理油膜间隙下的SFD能有效抑制系统非协调响应以及振动幅值,使故障转子系统的混沌运动控制在稳定周期轨道上;过小的油膜间隙会形成很强的非线性油膜支反力,产生非协调频率成分,使稳定周期系统重返混沌状态;随着油膜间隙减小,SFD对不对中故障产生的典型2 X,3 X,4 X和5 X频幅值具有不同影响,其中2 X频幅值变化明显,3 X和4 X频幅值变化微弱,5 X频幅值基本不变。     

一种典型的静压轴承动态特性分析

用有限差分方法求出线性化的四腔静压轴承的8项动特性系数,并由此分析了典型的毛细管节流静压轴承的动态性能.对静压轴承的稳定性进行了讨论,提出了判定静压轴承稳定性的简明方法.该分析方法及所得数据在实际工作中很有意义.     

Performance analysis of flexible multirecess hydrostatic journal bearing operating with micropolar lubricant

This paper presents the analytical study of the effect of the bearing shell flexibility on the performance of multirecess hydrostatic journal bearing system operating with micropolar lubricant. The modified Reynolds equation for the flow of micropolar lubricant through constant flow valve‐compensated hydrostatic journal bearing has been solved by finite element technique based on Galerkins method, and the resulting elastic deformation in the bearing shell due to fluid‐film pressure has been determined iteratively, in which the deformation coefficient accounts for the bearing shell flexibility. The computed results suggest that the influence of the micropolar effect on bearing performance characteristics is significantly affected by the bearing shell flexibility. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pressure distribution in a curvilinear hydrostatic bearing lubricated by a micropolar fluid in the presence of a cross magnetic field

The flow of a micropolar fluid in the clearance of a curvilinear hydrostatic thrust bearing in the presence of a cross magnetic field was considered. By solving the equations of motion for the orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system, a formula describing the pressure distribution was obtained. Plane and spherical thrust bearings were considered as examples.