A new method for joint DOD and DOA estimation in bistatic MIMO radar

A joint direction of departures (DODs) and direction of arrivals (DOAs) estimation for bistatic MIMO radar via both ESPRIT and SVD of cross-correlation matrix of the received data from two transmit subarrays is presented. The proposed method, with the influence of spatial colored noise eliminated, is effective for three- or more-transmitter configured system. The DOAs and DODs of targets can be solved in closed form and paired automatically. Moreover, the maximum number of targets that can be identified by using this method is also analyzed. Simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the method.     

An ESPRIT-like algorithm for coherent DOA estimation based on data matrix decomposition in MIMO radar

A direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation method for coherent sources is presented for MIMO radar. It uses symmetrical array mode for both the transmit and receive arrays and reconstructs a special data matrix from the range-compressed receive data. In the reconstructed matrix, the signal term is a Toeplitz matrix with the rank only related to the DOAs of the signals and independent with their coherency. Taking the noise term into account, the average method of multiple pulses is utilized to obtain the signal and noise subspaces. And then the DOA can be resolved via the SVD-based ESPRIT algorithm. Furthermore, the presented method is also useful in spatial colored noise scenario for MIMO radar. Theoretical and numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

A RD-ESPRIT algorithm for coherent DOA estimation in monostatic MIMO radar using a single pulse

This paper discusses the problem of coherent direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in a monostatic multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar using a single pulse, and proposes a reduced dimension (RD)-estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm. We reconstruct the received data and then utilise it to construct a set of Toeplitz matrices. After that, we use RD-ESPRIT to obtain the DOAs of the sources. The proposed algorithm is effective for coherent angle estimation based on a single pulse, and it has much better angle estimation performance than the forward backward spatial smoothing (FBSS)-ESPRIT algorithm and the ESPRIT-like of Li, as well as very close angle estimation performance to the ESPRIT-like of Han. For complexity comparison, our algorithm has very close complexity to the FBSS-ESPRIT algorithm, and lower complexity than the ESPRIT-like of Han and the ESPRIT-like of Li. Simulation results present the effectiveness and improvement of our approach.     

统计MIMO雷达的多目标定位和速度估计方法

在多目标情况下,统计多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达需要对不同观测通道中估计出的目标参数进行配对,才能完成多个目标定位及其速度估计。针对这一问题,对统计MIMO雷达提出了一种映射搜索配对法来实现在不同观测通道中的目标距离延时和多普勒频率估计值的配对,从而获得目标位置及其速度估计值。仿真结果表明,该方法在目标雷达散射截面(RCS)闪烁情况下能对多个目标进行有效定位和速度估计。     

低快拍下多输入多输出雷达中的角度估计算法

研究了双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达中的角度估计问题,提出了一种低快拍下的MIMO雷达的离开角(DOD)和波达角(DOA)联合估计算法。该算法利用矩阵束方法从接收数据中构造出扩展矩阵来进行奇异值分解(SVD),进而进行二维角度估计联合估计。在低快拍数情况下所提算法的角度估计性能优于传统的借助旋转不变技术的信号参数估计(ESPRIT)方法,同时该算法能自动配对、无需谱峰搜索,而且复杂度也低于传统的ESPRIT算法。分析了所提算法复杂度,推导了克拉美-罗界(CRB)。仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

分布式MIMO雷达的参数估计与检测联合算法

本文针对分布式MIMO雷达系统,在站间大间隔配置获得的空间分集增益的基础上,提出了一种目标位置估计与检测的联合算法。与以往距离门检测不同的是,这里通过所定义的目标假设框架下进行联合估计与检测。通过理论分析证明,本文所提出的位置估计与检测联合算法在检测性能上要优于距离门检测法,且漏检概率与信噪比SNR成反比。仿真实验也验证了算法的有效性。     

一种基于信道估计的MIMO雷达目标角度估计方法

MIMO雷达是一种新体制雷达。它的信号传输矩阵包含了我们需要的目标信息,如角度信息。本文首先建立了包含目标角度信息的MIMO雷达接收信号模型。然后根据MIMO雷达接收信号的统计特性,提出了新的MIMO雷达传输信道的估计方法,然后从传输矩阵中估计出目标角度信息。最后,我们通过仿真实验验证了本文方法的有效性。     

Joint angle and Doppler frequency estimation of coherent targets in monostatic MIMO radar

This paper discusses the problem of joint direction of arrival (DOA) and Doppler frequency estimation of coherent targets in a monostatic multiple-input multiple-output radar. In the proposed algorithm, we perform a reduced dimension (RD) transformation on the received signal first and then use forward spatial smoothing (FSS) technique to decorrelate the coherence and obtain joint estimation of DOA and Doppler frequency by exploiting the estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm. The joint estimated parameters of the proposed RD-FSS-ESPRIT are automatically paired. Compared with the conventional FSS-ESPRIT algorithm, our RD-FSS-ESPRIT algorithm has much lower complexity and better estimation performance of both DOA and frequency. The variance of the estimation error and the Cramer–Rao Bound of the DOA and frequency estimation are derived. Simulation results show the effectiveness and improvement of our algorithm.     

Coherent angle estimation based on Hankel matrix construction in bistatic MIMO radar

In this article, a novel coherent angle estimation method is proposed for bistatic multiple-input multiple-output radar. First, a decorrelation operation is taken by constructing a Hankel block matrix whose rank equals the number of coherent targets and is independent of the coherency between these targets. Therefore, the signal and noise subspaces of the Hankel block matrix can be estimated properly. Then, in conjunction with the ESPRIT algorithm, the shift invariance properties of the transmit and receive arrays are exploited to estimate the angles of coherent targets with automatic pairing. The numerical simulations demonstrate its validity.     

多基线数据融合的双基地MIMO雷达角度估计

提出了一种双基地MIMO雷达角度估计方法。在发射端利用ESPRIT算法获取长短基线的旋转不变因子,通过联合对角化提高离开角度(DOD)的估计精度。根据已估计的DOD,采用迭代算法得到接收导向矢量。针对等距线阵和非等距线阵,分别提出了基于范德蒙矩阵特性和解模糊的多基线联合到达角度(DOA)估计方法,避免了两维搜索且角度自动配对。计算机仿真验证了该方法的有效性和优越性。     

A modified spatial smoothing-based Nystrom approach for coherent target in bistatic MIMO radar

ABSTRACT

The performance of most angle estimation system degrades when the signal attributes coherency coupled with the high computational burden of the preprocessing technique. This paper addresses the issue of the computational burden of the coherent angle estimation for the bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar. A modified spatial smoothing technique is initially developed by ensuring the generation of a lower rank kernel matrix of the decorrelated signal via a Nyström approach. Then the formed data matrix is subjected to the shift-invariance technique where the automatic pairing of the angles is estimated without loss of the virtual aperture. Hence, in addition to significantly reducing the computational complexity, the proposed method presents an improved performance against existing techniques verifiable by simulation results.     

Direction finding and mutual coupling estimation for bistatic MIMO radar

An algorithm for joint direction-of-departure (DOD) and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in the presence of unknown mutual coupling for bistatic MIMO radar is presented. Based on the special structure of the coupling matrix of uniform linear array (ULA), the angles can be estimated directly by two one-dimensional searches without the knowledge of the mutual coupling matrices. Then the mutual coupling coefficients of the transmitter and the receiver can be solved in closed-form by utilizing the obtained DODs and DOAs, respectively. Numerical examples are given for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于降维子空间重构的双基地MIMO雷达角度估计算法

根据双基地MIMO雷达的工作原理和回波模型,结合阵列信号处理,提出了降维子空间重构的角度估计算法,并给出了算法有效性证明。理论分析表明,该算法可以有效解决二维空间搜索计算成本高,矩阵运算量大和低快拍数下算法适应性差的问题,并通过蒙特卡罗实验对不同信噪比、快拍数和接收阵元数等情况下角度估计的方差进行了仿真,证实了理论分析的正确性。     

DOA estimation for monostatic MIMO radar based on unitary root-MUSIC

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is an important issue for monostatic MIMO radar. A DOA estimation method for monostatic MIMO radar based on unitary root-MUSIC is presented in this article. In the presented method, a reduced-dimension matrix is first utilised to transform the high dimension of received signal data into low dimension one. Then, a low-dimension real-value covariance matrix is obtained by forward–backward (FB) averaging and unitary transformation. The DOA of targets can be achieved by unitary root-MUSIC. Due to the FB averaging of received signal data and the eigendecomposition of the real-valued matrix covariance, the proposed method owns better angle estimation performance and lower computational complexity. The simulation results of the proposed method are presented and the performances are investigated and discussed.     

目标角度估计的多输入多输出雷达发射方向图综合

针对传统多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)雷达发射功率分散导致目标角度估计性能变差的问题,提出了一种新的MIMO雷达发射方向图综合方法.首先,结合发射功率的空域聚焦范围和发射导向矢量的旋转不变性,严格控制方向图逼近误差小于给定的门限,并且最小化发射方向图的峰值旁瓣功率;其次,约束协方差矩阵的对角元素相等,以实现发射功率效率最大化,在此基础之上推导了优化模型的二阶锥规划形式,以便采用原对偶内点算法进行有效求解;最后,利用平行因子分析算法对空间目标进行了收发角度估计.仿真结果表明:优化所得加权矩阵不仅能够使发射信号在指定空域进行有效聚焦,而且确保了每个阵元的发射功率相等,因而在发射功率和角度估计方法相同时,所提方法相对传统MIMO雷达具有更好的角度估计精度.     

Novel method based on fractional lower-order correntropy-analogous statistics for parameter jointly estimation in bistatic MIMO radar

According to the performance degradation problem of parameter estimation algorithm in the Alpha stable dis-tribution noise, inspired by the concept of correntropy, a new class of statistics, namely, the fractional lower-order cor-rentropy-analogous statistics (FCAS) was proposed. By employing the fractional lower-order correntropy-analogous sta-tistics based cost function in parallel factor (PARAFAC), the FCAS-PARAFAC algorithm was deduced which can be utilized for the parallel factor under impulsive noise environments. The FCAS-PARAFAC algorithm was applied to pa-rameter estimation in bistatic MIMO radar under impulsive noise environment. The proposed method can suppress the impulse noise interference and has better estimation performance. Furthermore, the estimated parameters are automati-cally paired without the additional pairing method. Simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the pro-posed method.     

宽带双基地MIMO雷达的参数联合估计的新方法

提出了一种基于分数阶功率谱的宽带双基地MIMO雷达中参数联合估计的新方法。在许多情况下,根据窄带信号模型对宽带回波信号中的参数进行估计是不合适的,因此提出一个新的宽带回波信号模型对运动目标参数进行估计。根据分数阶功率谱(FPSD)的峰值点对多普勒频移因子和时延参数进行联合估计。并依据分数阶功率谱的峰值点构造2个子阵,提出的FPSD-MUSIC算法和FPSD-ESPRIT算法实现了对收发角的联合估计。接下来推导了该信号模型中参数估计的克拉美罗界。仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。     

新的双基地MIMO雷达角度估计方法

为降低双基地MIMO雷达前端数据处理的计算量,构造出了“扩展”信号子空间,并根据此信号子空间的特点,提出了多项式求根—空域滤波的收发角度估计算法,避免了二维谱搜索,实现了目标角度的自动配对,并推导了多目标和单目标下双基地MIMO雷达角度估计的克拉美罗下界（CRB）。研究表明空域滤波时,泰勒级数展开的阶数越高,目标的角度估计精度越好;当目标各发射角度相隔较近时,仍能得到较好的估计结果;在低信噪比时,估计精度优于ESPRIT算法,在高信噪比时,2种算法的估计精度均接近于CRB。     

Novel angle estimation for bistatic MIMO radar using an improved MUSIC

In this article, we study the problem of angle estimation for bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar and propose an improved multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm for joint direction of departure (DOD) and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. The proposed algorithm obtains initial estimations of angles obtained from the signal subspace and uses the local one-dimensional peak searches to achieve the joint estimations of DOD and DOA. The angle estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm, and is almost the same as that of two-dimensional MUSIC. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can be suitable for irregular array geometry, obtain automatically paired DOD and DOA estimations, and avoid two-dimensional peak searching. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and improvement of the algorithm.     

Joint parameter estimation of DOD/DOA/polarization for bistatic MIMO radar

In the paper,polarization-sensitive array is exploited at the receiver of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar system,a novel method is proposed for joint estimation of direction of departure (DOD),direction of arrival (DOA) and polarization parameters for bistatic MIMO radars. A signal model of polarimetric MIMO radar is developed,and the multi-parameter estimation algorithm for target localization is described by exploiting polarization array processing and the invariance property in both transmitter array and receiver array. By making use of polarization diversity techniques,the proposed method has advantages over traditional localization algorithms for bistatic MIMO radar. Simulations show that the performance of DOD and DOA estimation is greatly enhanced when different states of polarization of echoes is fully utilized. Especially,when two targets are closely spaced and cannot be well separated in spatial domain,the estimation resolution of traditional algorithms will be greatly degraded. While the proposed algorithm can work well and achieve high-resolution identification and accurate localization of multiple targets.