基于尺度空间表示的视觉注意区域选择

针对现有视觉注意计算模型中视觉特征图多尺度表示存在的问题,研究了基于非线性尺度空间的视觉特征图表示方法,通过建立视觉特征图的非线性尺度空间表示,在实现中央一外周计算策略的同时,可以有效保留边缘等局部细节信息.同时,在视觉注意特征图尺度空间表示基础上,提出了一种视觉注意区域的最佳尺度选择算法.实际图像显著区域选择的实验结果表明,该算法是有效的,在认知上是合理的.     

Attentive transmission

A simple attention-based model is proposed for efficient transmission of visual information using multiresolution structures. Images are sampled nonuniformly in space and time, such that sampling is dense at the focus of attention and sparse in the periphery (retinal-like). Assuming that the focus of attention usually corresponds to eye position while scanning an image, image features which are “eye catching” (such as sharp edges, motion, and high flicker rate) are used to drive the dense center of sampling. The transmitted image is reconstructed by combining each new sample with previous samplings to give progressive transmission. The selection of sampling points depends only on previously transmitted information, and only sampled values without their location need to be transmitted.     

用Visual Basic开发个性化图形界面的技术及其实现

Visual Bhsic(VB)是开发Windows环境下图形化应用程序的良好工具，其易学易用已为广大编程爱好者公认。可是VB开发的图形界面中规中矩，已不能满足日益张显个性的要求，就此本文以时钟程序为例，介绍如何用VB开发具有通明效果的不规则图形界面应用程序的关键技术。     

发展IPTV应该关注的几个问题

说明了IPTV业务的演化,指出IPTV业务正在经历一个从转播电视广播到VoD点播再向网络新媒体演化的过程。分析了IPTV技术和体系结构的演化,阐明应该在互联网上发展IPTV。介绍了三网融合和IPTV。为网络新媒体的健康发展提出了建议。     

数字视频接口

介绍了新型数字视频接口的发展背景和技术优势，分析了DVI1．0的接口技术以及显示相关的DDC、EDID等VESA协议标准，并且简要介绍了HDCP。     

ISDN User-Network Interfaces

This paper provides an overview of the objectives and basic characteristics of the standard ISDN user-network interfaces. These standard interfaces form the basis of many of the essential characteristics of ISDN: terminal portability, the wide range of applications using ISDN, and low cost through high-volume production of standard semiconductor chips. The structure of the interfaces, and the physical applications permitted with the interfaces, are described in some detail. References to sources of more detailed information are provided.     

Interfaces in lead-free soldering

Structural integrity of circuits is greatly dependent on interfacial microstructure. In this paper, the status of the current understanding of various interfaces appearing in lead-free soldering is reviewed, and recent data on interfaces in electronic interconnections, primarily analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), is presented. The compound Cu₆Sn₅ is formed, as localized precipitates attach to the interface of a Cu substrate with Sn plating, even in an as-received condition. After long-time exposure at room temperature, it grows into a Cu₆Sn₅ layer along the interface. When the temperature is raised slightly or Sn in a plating layer is consumed by the reaction, a Cu₃Sn layer can grow between a Cu₆Sn₅ layer and a Cu substrate. In soldering, most Sn alloys involving pure Sn, Sn-Ag, or their ternary alloys form two intermetallic compounds, e.g., Cu₆Sn₅ and Cu₃Sn, on a Cu substrate, with the former much thicker than the latter. The Ni plating forms Ni₃Sn₄/Ni₃Sn₂ double layers at the interface with Sn alloys in soldering with the latter layer very much thinner. In contrast, Fe-42Ni alloy forms (Fe,Ni)Sn₂ double layers by the reaction with Sn and Sn-Ag(-Cu). When Zn becomes one of the elements of the solder, Zn first reacts with a substrate. Thus, the Sn-Zn alloy forms different intermetallic compounds at an interface with Cu, i.e., the CuZn/Cu₅Zn₈ double layers. The Sn-Zn alloy also forms a thin AuZn layer when thin Au plating is on a substrate.     

Nanostructured Interfaces for Thermoelectrics

Temperature drops at the interfaces between thermoelectric materials and the heat source and sink reduce the overall efficiency of thermoelectric systems. Nanostructured interfaces based on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) promise the combination of mechanical compliance and high thermal conductance required for thermoelectric modules, which are subjected to severe thermomechanical stresses. This work discusses the property require- ments for thermoelectric interface materials, reviews relevant data available in the literature for CNT films, and characterizes the thermal properties of vertically aligned multiwalled CNTs grown on a candidate thermoelectric material. Nanosecond thermoreflectance thermometry provides thermal property data for 1.5-μm-thick CNT films on SiGe. The thermal interface resistances between the CNT film and surrounding materials are the dominant barriers to thermal transport, ranging from 1.4 m² K MW⁻¹ to 4.3 m² K MW⁻¹. The volumetric heat capacity of the CNT film is estimated to be 87 kJ m⁻³ K⁻¹, which corresponds to a volumetric fill fraction of 9%. The effect of 100 thermal cycles from 30°C to 200°C is also studied. These data provide the groundwork for future studies of thermoelectric materials in contact with CNT films serving as both a thermal and electrical interface.     

Hemodynamics for Brain-Computer Interfaces

This article brings together the various elements that constitute the signal processing challenges presented by a hemodynamics-driven functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) based brain-computer interface (BCI). We discuss the use of optically derived measures of cortical hemodynamics as control signals for next generation BCIs. To this end we present a suitable introduction to the underlying measurement principle, we describe appropriate instrumentation and highlight how and where performance improvements can be made to current and future embodiments of such devices. Key design elements of a simple fNIRS-BCI system are highlighted while in the process identifying signal processing problems requiring improved solutions and suggesting methods by which this might be accomplished.     

FLX SDH传输设备在维护中需注意的几个问题

指出了ＦＬＸ ＳＤＨ 设备日常维护中应注意的几个问题,如一、二期工程的部分机盘不能互换、网管网络的三种状态及注意对风扇和空气过滤器的维护等等。     

Traffic Sign Recognition Using an Attentive Context Region-Based Detection Framework

Accurate small traffic sign recognition is more important for the safety of intelligent transportation systems.A recognition framework named attentive context r...     

Biofunctional Silk/Neuron Interfaces

Silk fibroin (SF) is a biocompatible and slowly biodegradable material with excellent mechanical properties and huge potential for use as biofunctional interface in electronic devices that aim to stimulate and control neural network activity and peripheral nerve repair. It is shown that SF films act as material interfaces that support the adherence and neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and preserve neuronal functions. Silk films preserve the capability of neuronal cells to fire and DRG neurons on silk films retain the intracellular free Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) response to capsaicin, a typical noxious stimulus for this neuronal culture model. It is also demonstrated that nerve growth factor (NGF)‐functionalized silk films promote neurite outgrowth and modulate functional properties of DRG neurons. The results show that silk preserves DRG neuronal physiology and is a promising biomaterial platform for the future development of devices with goals including functional recovery of injured neurons, neurite functional outgrowth in vitro, or functional electrostimulation in vivo.     

VSR光接口测试方法

一般通信交换设施包括数十个网络器件，它们之间以10Gbits/s的速率通信。但由于激光二极管、光调制器和光探测器等光器件的高昂价格，在网络器件之间安装串行10Gbits/s光接口成本很高，如果传输速度增加到40Gbits/s，成本无疑将继续提高。为了减低光接口成本，光互连论坛(OpticalInternetworking Forum, OIF, www.oiforum.com)提出了短距离(Very Short Reach, VSR)光接口技术，每一个VSR接口取代一个典型的串行通信链路，该链路原有12根光纤，其中10根传输数据。VSR接口使用10个1Gbits/s信道来得到共10Gbits/s的通信链路，第11信…     

Interfaces between - and silicon

As the epitaxy of crystalline LaAlO₃ has not been realized yet, we investigated the use of a γ-Al₂O₃ buffer layer between the high-κ and the substrate. We firstly studied the structural matching of γ-Al₂O₃(0 0 1) with a Si(0 0 1)-p(2×1) reconstructed surface. According to experimental data and computations in the density functional theory framework, we found stable interfaces between γ-Al₂O₃ and Si which encounters surface reconstruction changes. These interfaces satisfy the criterion of an insulating buffer layer.     

Preprogrammed Dynamic Microstructured Polymer Interfaces

The advancement of new‐generation complex integrated responsive systems depends on the progress in the development of functional stimuli‐responsive polymer components that could be put together and engineered to perform in concert as an ensemble. This progress report highlights recent substantial progress in the development of such soft‐matter components capable of changes according to preprogrammed scenarios. The components interact via interfaces that play a key role in the performance of the microstructured materials. The list of the most important properties that can be changed by altering the interfaces upon external stimuli includes gating, transport, release, wetting, adhesion, and self‐regeneration (healing) realized in different architectures of soft stimuli‐responsive materials.     

微控制器的24V接口

工业控制应用经常会使用工作在24V逻辑电平的PLC(可编程逻辑控制器)。这个电压为微控制器的安全使用带来了一种挑战。这样一个设计要求在微控制器和24V信号之间建立一个物理屏障,以避免出现故障或短路情况时,损坏微控制器。     

Multifunctional Nanobiomaterials for Neural Interfaces

Neural electrodes are designed to interface with the nervous system and provide control signals for neural prostheses. However, robust and reliable chronic recording and stimulation remains a challenge for neural electrodes. Here, a novel method for the fabrication of soft, low impedance, high charge density, and controlled releasing nanobiomaterials that can be used for the surface modification of neural microelectrodes to stabilize the electrode/tissue interface is reported. The fabrication process includes electrospinning of anti‐inflammatory drug‐incorporated biodegradable nanofibers, encapsulation of these nanofibers by an alginate hydrogel layer, followed by electrochemical polymerization of conducting polymers around the electrospun drug‐loaded nanofibers to form nanotubes and within the alginate hydrogel scaffold to form cloud‐like nanostructures. The three‐dimensional conducting polymer nanostructures significantly decrease the electrode impedance and increase the charge capacity density. Dexamethasone release profiles show that the alginate hydrogel coating slows down the release of the drug, significantly reducing the burst effect. These multifunctional materials are expected to be of interest for a variety of electrode/tissue interfaces in biomedical devices.     

Trigger-Detachable Hydrogel Adhesives for Bioelectronic Interfaces

Recent electronics technology development has provided unprecedented opportunities for enabling implantable bioelectronics for long-term disease monitoring and treatment. Current electronics-tissue interfaces are characterized by weak physical interactions, suffering from potential interfacial failure or dislocation during long-term application. On the other hand, some new technologies can be used to achieve robust electronics-tissue interfaces; however, such technologies are limited by potential risks and the discomfort associated with postdetachment of the bioelectronics. Here, a hydrogel-based electronics-tissue interface based on the exploitation of dynamic interactions (such as boronate-diol complexation) that features an interfacial toughness over 400 J m⁻² is presented. Moreover, these hydrogel adhesion layers are also trigger-detachable by dissociating the dynamic complexes (i.e., addition of glucose). These hydrogel-based bioelectronic interfaces enable the in vivo recording of physiological signals (i.e., electromyograph, blood pressure, or pulse rates). Upon mild triggering, these bioelectronics can be easily detached without causing any damage, trauma, or discomfort to the skin, tissues, and organs. This kind of trigger-detachable hydrogel adhesives offer general applicability in bioelectronic interfaces, exhibiting promising utility in monitoring, modulating, and treating diseases where temporary monitoring of physiologic signals, interfacial robustness, and postremoval of bioelectronics are required.     

Mental State Estimation for Brain--Computer Interfaces

Mental state estimation is potentially useful for the development of asynchronous brain-computer interfaces. In this study, four mental states have been identified and decoded from the electrocorticograms (ECoGs) of six epileptic patients, engaged in a memory reach task. A novel signal analysis technique has been applied to high-dimensional, statistically sparse ECoGs recorded by a large number of electrodes. The strength of the proposed technique lies in its ability to jointly extract spatial and temporal patterns, responsible for encoding mental state differences. As such, the technique offers a systematic way of analyzing the spatiotemporal aspects of brain information processing and may be applicable to a wide range of spatiotemporal neurophysiological signals.