半刚性连接钢框架二阶内力和位移的简化计算

框架中梁柱连接大多介于完全刚接与理想铰接之间,即半刚性连接。提出了半刚性连接钢框架二阶内力与位移的简化计算方法。在计算内力时用弯矩放大法,连接的影响通过将梁的抗弯刚度乘以修正系数来考虑;计算位移时用D值法,连接的影响通过将梁的抗弯刚度转化为等效刚度来考虑。算例表明,在计算中应充分考虑半刚性连接的影响。     

半刚性连接钢框架二阶内力和位移的简化计算

框架中梁柱连接大多介于完全刚接与理想铰接之间,即半刚性连接.提出了半刚性连接钢框架二阶内力与位移的简化计算方法.在计算内力时用弯矩放大法,连接的影响通过将梁的抗弯刚度乘以修正系数来考虑;计算位移时用D值法,连接的影响通过将梁的抗弯刚度转化为等效刚度来考虑.算例表明,在计算中应充分考虑半刚性连接的影响.     

考虑半刚性连接有侧移钢框架基本周期的计算方法

为分析半刚性连接对有侧移钢框架结构层间抗侧移刚度的影响,推导了考虑采用半刚性连接时,有侧移钢框架层间抗侧移刚度的计算式,利用推导出的计算式计算钢框架层间抗侧移刚度;并利用经验算式计算钢框架的各层水平位移及基本周期。将计算结果与传统的不考虑半刚性连接的柱抗侧移刚度修正系数法计算所得到的结果进行对比分析,可知考虑半刚性连接时,钢框架各层水平位移显著大于不考虑半刚性连接时的情况;采用所提出的方法得到的基本自振周期计算结果是不考虑半刚性连接的1.62倍;因此,对钢框架进行结构性能分析时,半刚性连接的影响应引起足够的重视。     

无支撑半刚性连接钢框架的简化分析

用变刚度的螺旋弹簧模拟梁柱节点半刚性连接的弯曲特性 ,建立了半刚性连接钢框架梁单元的刚度矩阵。通过分别引入横梁修正线刚度和修正转动刚度 ,将等效代替框架法和无剪力分配法推广应用于无支撑半刚性连接钢框架的结构分析 ,其计算十分简便     

梁柱螺栓连接节点刚度对装配式斜支撑钢框架结构受力性能影响研究

采用ANSYS有限元分析软件,对单榀单层纯钢框架、斜支撑钢框架和30层装配式斜支撑钢框架整体结构进行分析,结果表明,梁柱螺栓连接节点刚度对纯框架的构件内力、构件承载力、侧向位移、楼层刚度、自振特性、构件损伤率、极限荷载、结构破坏模式等影响较大,应按照节点实际连接刚度计算;对斜支撑框架的受力性能影响较小,可以按照节点刚性连接进行计算;对30层整体结构的影响与无斜支撑梁柱螺栓连接节点占总节点的比率有关,当比率小于4.2%且梁柱节点转动刚度达到3×10⁴kN•m•rad^-1以上时,可以按照节点刚性连接假定进行结构整体设计分析,无需修正。当不满足上述要求时,提出了先将梁柱螺栓连接节点简化为刚性连接计算,再对结构位移、周期、构件承载力等进行修正的简化分析方法。文中研究结果可为该结构体系的设计提供参考。     

组合梁刚度对组合框架的抗震性能影响分析

为研究钢-混凝土组合框架梁的刚度对组合框架抗震性能的影响,通过某多层钢结构工程实例,采用有限元软件ANSYS分别建立了纯钢框架、组合梁框架及其不同阻尼比下的框架计算模型,进行了纯钢框架与组合框架在不同阻尼比下的多遇地震反应谱分析及弹性时程分析。实例分析结果表明:考虑钢框架的组合作用后,结构整体自振周期变短,说明结构整体刚度变大,地震层间位移变小。虽然组合框架整体刚度的增大使地震力有所加大,但由于组合结构阻尼比接近混凝土结构阻尼比,组合框架无论是结构侧向位移还是地震力均小于纯钢框架,因此组合框架是一种良好的结构形式。     

Y型偏心支撑半刚性连接钢框架动力性能研究

Y型偏心支撑既能提供足够的弹性刚度,又能使结构具有很好的抗震性能;半刚性节点对钢框架结构的性能影响很大,在进行钢框架结构设计时必须要考虑半刚性的影响。将Y型偏心支撑与半刚性连接结合起来的结构形式是一种新型抗震结构体系。运用结构通用有限元软件MIDAS GEN建立不同连接刚度的半刚性连接Y型偏心支撑钢框架模型。并对其进行模态分析、多遇地震下和罕遇地震下的时程分析,得到各不同连接刚度Y型偏心支撑钢框架的自振周期、层间位移、层间位移角及顶点时程位移曲线。通过对比分析可知,半刚性连接对Y型偏心支撑钢框架的抗侧刚度有很大影响,半刚性连接可以很好地改善结构的抗震性能。Y型偏心支撑与半刚性节点都可以提高结构的抗震性能,两者相结合的结构形式有很好的应用前景。     

顶底角钢半刚性连接钢框架柱计算长度系数研究

柱计算长度法是钢框架稳定设计的常用方法,顶底角钢连接梁柱节点是一种典型的半刚性梁柱节点。采用抗弯弹簧模拟梁柱节点连接的半刚性,考虑梁柱间的相对转角关系,通过引入梁柱线刚度比修正系数的计算方法,得到顶底角钢半刚接钢框架柱计算长度系数的修正公式。     

半刚性连接钢框架的二阶弹性稳定分析

应用转动弹簧及Kish-Chen三参数模型来模拟梁柱的半刚性连接的力学性能,采用梁两端附带零长度转动弹簧的通用半刚性连接梁单元模型,根据梁柱法通过平衡微分方程及稳定函数推导了考虑二阶效应、节点半刚性影响的梁单元刚度方程及单元刚度矩阵,应用修正的Newton-Raphson迭代法,建立了平面钢框架二阶弹性稳定分析的计算格式,最后通过典型算例分析了梁柱连接节点的半刚性及二阶效应对钢框架稳定性能的影响。     

有侧移半刚性连接钢框架柱的计算长度系数

利用三层柱的框架结构计算模型,引入梁柱线刚度比修正系数,采用螺旋弹簧模拟横梁对柱子的约束弯矩及节点连接的半刚性,考虑连接的非线性弯矩—转角关系,建立梁柱有侧移半刚性连接转角位移方程,推导了有侧移半刚性钢框架柱计算长度系数的公式,本文推导的半刚性连接柱的计算长度系数公式与《钢结构设计规范》(GB50017-2003)中的刚性钢框架柱的计算长度系数形式相同。研究结果表明:有侧移半刚性连接钢框架柱的计算长度系数比刚性连接的钢框架柱的计算长度系数增大6%~14%左右,故在半刚性连接的钢框架柱的稳定和分析中,应考虑梁柱节点的半刚性连接对钢框架稳定性产生的影响。本文引入的梁柱线刚度比修正系数物理意义明确,计算方法简捷方便,便于工程推广。     

A simplified analytical method for unbraced composite frames with semi-rigid connections

The original Muto’s method for the lateral force analysis of conventional unbraced bare steel frames is first modified to incorporate the effects of semi-rigid beam-to-column connections. From which, equations for the calculation of the inter-storey drifts of these frames are formulated using first principles. By comparing the frame analytical results calculated from a rigorous finite element programme, it is shown that the proposed method gives reasonably accurate internal forces and inter-storey drifts estimations of a sway bare steel frame with semi-rigid connections. The proposed modified Muto’s method is then further developed for the manual analysis of unbraced composite frame systems by introducing an improved equivalent beam stiffness to account for the variation of the beam stiffness in the hogging and sagging moment regions. The accuracy of this simplified analytical method is verified by the rigorous finite element analysis of an unbraced composite frame with semi-rigid connections. Last, a parametric study is conducted to quantify the effects of semi-rigid connections on the inter-storey drifts of unbraced composite frames under lateral loads.     

半刚性连接框架结构的动力响应分析

半刚性连接框架结构的动力性能和刚性连接框架结构不同.本文采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了刚接、半刚接和铰接三种连接形式的10层框架有限元模型,分析了三种连接形式框架的自振周期和在设计反应谱下的层间位移和变形曲线,并对框架结构在两种不同地震动激励下的响应进行分析,得出结论:半刚性连接使结构低阶振型的自振周期显著增加,而对高阶振型的自振周期影响很小,可以忽略;在地震区采用刚接框架结构并不一定是最好的选择.最后给出了半刚性连接框架结构抗震设计的建议.     

A generalized method for estimating drifts and drift components of tall buildings under lateral loading

A generalized method for estimating the drifts of tall buildings composed of planar moment‐resisting frames and coupled shear walls under lateral loading is presented. This method establishes the stiffness equations at the story levels by assuming that all the nodes in the same floor of a planar lateral‐force‐resisting unit have an identical lateral displacement, an identical rotation component due to the axial deformations of the columns, and an identical rotation component due to the flexural and shear deformations of the beams. By adopting this simplification, the story drifts contributed by different types of deformations, namely, the axial deformations of the columns or wall piers, the flexural and shear deformations of the beams, and the double‐curvature bending and shear deformations of the columns or wall piers, can be identified. In the formulation of the stiffness matrix, the P‐Delta effects were also incorporated. Through comparisons between the lateral displacements and story drifts computed using the proposed method and those computed using the structural analysis software Midas/Gen, the proposed method is proved to have high accuracy in estimating the drifts of tall building structures.     

焊接及螺栓连接钢框架的循环加载试验研究

为了探讨、比较焊接和螺栓连接钢框架的极限承载能力、滞回性能及动力特性,本文进行了6榀1∶2比例的单跨双层钢框架循环加载试验和动力特性测试,其中焊接、端板螺栓连接、角钢螺栓连接钢框架各两榀。试验过程中每层框架都铺设了混凝土楼板和配重,水平循环荷载按三角形分布施加。循环加载试验表明:当焊接连接框架的焊缝质量较高时,钢框架具有良好的承载能力和滞回性能,其最终破坏模式是构件形成塑性铰而发生强度破坏,属于典型的延性破坏,框架侧向层间塑性变形可以达到层高的1/25,塑性变形主要来自梁柱连接节点域的剪切变形和柱、梁的弯曲变形;端板螺栓连接框架的承载能力和滞回性能也较好,耗能能力略低于焊接框架,框架侧向层间塑性变形可以达到层高的1/30,但端板焊缝容易发生断裂;角钢螺栓连接框架的承载能力和耗能能力相对较低,塑性变形主要发生在连接角钢和柱脚部位,且翼缘连接角钢容易发生低周疲劳破坏。动力特性测试结果表明:随着节点转动刚度的减小,框架自振     

Modelling of a self-centring damper and its application in structural control

A self-centring SMA damper which shows no residual deformation and moderate energy dissipating capacity is appealing in its potential for seismic design application. The damper examined in this study consists of a re-centring components group and an energy dissipating components group. By using the Bouc-Wen model to describe the energy dissipating group and rigid-elastic model to represent the re-centring group, a new method for the mathematical modelling of the damper has been developed. To validate the feasibility of the proposed SMA damper model, numerical analyses of the damper under sine wave excitations were conducted by programming in the Matlab/Simulink environment. The simulation results of the proposed mathematical model of the SMA damper compare well with those based on a material constitutive model. Furthermore, the SMA damper was applied to two case studies of steel frames under earthquake acceleration excitations and the corresponding time-history analyses were implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment by using the proposed damper model. The results show that the damper is capable of mitigating both floor displacement amplitude and inter-storey drift. For the first floor of the controlled frames in the two case studies, inter-storey drift reductions of 33% and 35%, respectively, were observed in comparison with those of the uncontrolled frames. The results also indicate that the controlled frames vibrate around their initial position, and that there is no residual deformation of the SMA damper.     

附加与不附加粘滞阻尼墙的RC框架对比振动台试验研究

本文阐述了附加与不附加粘滞阻尼墙的两个相同的RC框架模型模拟地震振动台对比试验的情况。这两个钢筋混凝土框架模型为三层一跨两开间,几何相似关系大致为1∶2。首先进行力学性能试验,认识粘滞阻尼墙的耗能能力,得到其力学性能计算公式;然后将阻尼墙附加到一个RC框架模型当中,先后对附加与不附加阻尼墙的两个相同的RC框架模型进行振动台试验。试验结果表明,附加阻尼墙以后,框架模型的第1自振频率由1.66Hz提高到1.94Hz,第1振型阻尼比由2.4%提高到20.9%;在较小和中等加速度峰值的不同地震波作用下,结构的楼层位移反应、加速度反应和层间剪力都有不同程度的减小;输入结构的地震能量有大约60%~70%被阻尼墙吸收、耗散。在同样强烈的地震作用下,附加阻尼墙的耗能框架模型破坏较轻,不附加阻尼墙的普通框架模型破坏严重。     

Transverse displacement capacity and stiffness of steel plate girder bridge superstructures for seismic loads

Ductile end cross frames have been shown to reduce the transverse seismic demand in composite steel plate girder bridge superstructures. However, the effectiveness of these cross frames is strongly influenced by the transverse flexibility of the superstructure and its capacity for potentially large relative transverse displacements between the deck slab and bearing supports. A simplified method is developed in this paper for the calculation of these displacements based on the elastic girder stresses and transverse girder stiffnesses, which are shown to compare well with results given by the finite element method. In addition the method is shown to give results that compare well with experimental data from a 0.4 scale model subject to shake table excitation. Parametric studies are then described that show typical I-girder superstructures are able to accommodate large transverse drifts (up to 17% of the girder height) while remaining in the elastic range. These large drifts are possible without distress to the slab-to-girder connection, by omitting shear studs over a short length of the girder at the support cross frame locations. Based on the above, a step-by-step procedure is proposed for evaluating the transverse displacement, stiffness and capacity of the steel girder superstructures in the region of the end and intermediate supports.     

基于能量原理的钢筋混凝土框架结构层间弹塑性位移求解

本文按照我国现行《建筑抗震设计规范》设计了三个层数分别为4、7和10层的钢筋混凝土框架结构。利用能量法对各框架结构按等效单自由度体系计算了其滞回输入能;利用pushover方法分析了钢筋混凝土框架结构的层间能量分布规律,通过与非线性动力时程分析结果进行比较,证明该法是可行的;利用文献[1]中楼层弹塑性变形耗能与弹塑性层间位移的关系求出各框架结构的层间弹塑性位移,并与现行《建筑抗震设计规范》中简化计算方法的计算结果进行了对比。     

Analytical model validation and influence of column bases for seismic responses of steel post-tensioned self-centering MRF systems

The first generation for the post-tensioned (PT) self-centering (SC) system, which incorporates the PT technology to beam-to-column connections, exhibits good seismic performance with small residual deformations except for the first floor. Instead of using the fixed column base, the column PT to the base affects the seismic performance of frames, especially for residual deformations. Recently, the seismic response of a SC frame subassembly, which applied the PT technology to the connection and column base, was verified in shake table tests. In this paper, a three-dimensional analytical model with rotational springs in the PT connection and PT column base was introduced to capture shake table test results of the frame subassembly. The same modeling approach was adopted to one MRF and three SC frames to study the effects of column bases on the seismic responses of frames under the design-based and maximum-considered earthquakes. The monotonic, cyclic pushover, and time-history analyses were conducted for these frames. Analytical results showed that (1) the residual drift of the first floor could be significantly minimized by using the PT column base but the maximum interstory drift in the SC frame increased with decreasing fixity at the column base, (2) the largest maximum interstory drifts of the SC frames were larger than those of the MRF due to the low-to-medium structural period and high yield strength, and (3) the SC frame with the PT column base effectively decreased column restraining forces to the first floor compared to that with the fixed column base.     

新型墙板内置无黏结支撑钢框架滞回性能试验研究

通过墙板内置无黏结支撑钢框架结构的拟静力试验研究,考察了墙板内置支撑的构造、支撑与钢框架的连接、梁柱节点形式与节点区加强方式等对其滞回性能的影响。试验表明,总体上,采用组合墙板和组装墙板的两种新型墙板内置支撑均具有良好的延性,墙板无破坏时支撑的轴向累积非弹性变形能力均满足要求。钢板支撑端部焊接加劲肋后再与钢框架直接焊接连接是可行的,梁柱节点刚接时加强梁端的构造使钢框架和支撑均有稳定的受力性能。梁柱铰接节点因承受面内弯矩而使角钢出现裂纹并受拉断裂。支撑和钢框架分别在层间侧移角约1/355和1/75时进入屈服。总体上,梁柱铰接和刚接的结构在破坏前骨架曲线分别呈双折线和三折线。梁柱刚接的结构中,钢梁翼缘在侧移角约1/50时出现局部屈曲,并在随后更大幅值加载下出现裂纹和受拉断裂。试件最终因局部钢构件的断裂而破坏,破坏时侧移角远大于1/50,破坏前结构的滞回性能较稳定。