Unresolved issues in honesty and integrity testing.

Comments on W. J. Camara and D. L. Schneider's (see record 1994-23870-001) summary of reports on integrity tests (ITs). It is argued that the construct of honesty or integrity remains vague and ill-defined. Evidence for the criterion validation of ITs is not very compelling. It seems unlikely that the present applications of ITs will ever meet established American Psychological Association ethical standards. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

理化试验工作HSE运作

以人为本,把健康、安全与环境保护工作融入理化分析的全过程,加强作业安全和环境保护工作,保证分析工作者的健康,避免事故的发生和对环境的污染,事前控制危害,将事故损失降到最低.     

Questions of construct breadth and openness of research in integrity testing.

Responds to comments by D. S. Ones et al and by S. O. Lilienfeld et al (see PA, Vol 82:31500 and 31497) regarding W. J. Camara and D. L. Schneider's (see record 1994-23870-001) article on integrity testing. Camara and Schneider express their ongoing concern about the underlying construct measured by integrity tests. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Accidents with antivitamin K. Advantages of benefits over risks

A case of occupational acroosteolysis in a 24-year-old classical guitar player is reported. Nail tenderness was the only manifestation of initial acroosteolysis, which was due to mechanical stress on the fingers. Radiographs showed initial resorption of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th finger of the left hand. The authors review the clinical and radiological features of acroosteolysis. The pathogenesis of acroosteolysis is discussed as well as the different diseases that may cause destructive changes of the distal phalangeal bones.     

莱钢理化检验工作浅谈

总结了莱钢品质部坚持以质量为事业的理念和“严、细、实、快”的工作作风 ,在化检验工作方面取得的成绩和进步。     

Evaluation of solubilizers in the drug release testing of hydrophilic matrix extended-release tablets of felodipine

The drug release of felodipine, a water-insoluble drug, was tested by using sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate (Tween) or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in the test medium as solubilizers. Three slightly different felodipine extended-release (ER) tablets 10 mg based on the gel matrix principle were evaluated under different solubilizer concentrations, agitation intensities and pH. These tablets were also tested in a bioavailability study together with an oral solution. All three solubilizers substantially enhanced the drug solubility and sink conditions were obtained. The choice of solubilizer affected the drug release rate. This is most probably due to physico-chemical interactions between the gel-forming agent and the solubilizers. All in vitro test conditions provided a good correlation (r2 = 0.94-0.97) to in vivo dissolution, as determined by moment analysis. However, a much steeper in vitro/in vivo relationship was obtained for SLS compared to Tween and CTAB reflecting an inferior discrimination between the tablets by use of this anionic solubilizer.     

Interaction between physical environment, social environment, and child characteristics in determining physical activity at child care.

Objective: To investigate the association between the child-care environment and physical activity of 2- and 3-year-olds. Based on an ecological view of environmental influences on health behavior, we hypothesized that the social and physical environment, as well as child characteristics (age and gender), would show independent and interactive effects on children's physical activity intensity. Design: Observations of physical activity intensity were performed among children (N = 175) at 9 Dutch child-care centers. Aspects of the child-care environment were assessed using the validated Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation (EPAO) Instrument. Multilevel linear regression analyses examined the association of environment and child characteristics with children's activity intensity. Moderation was tested by including interaction terms in the analyses, with subsequent post hoc analyses for significant interaction terms. Main Outcome Measure: Observed child physical activity intensity, measured with the Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children—Preschool Version. Results: A large proportion of the observed activities were classified as sedentary, while far fewer observations were classified as moderate or vigorous. Activity opportunities in the physical environment (assessed using EPAO) and prompts by staff and peers were significantly and positively related to physical activity intensity, while group size was negatively related to activity intensity. The influence of the physical environment was moderated by social environment (peer group size), while the social environment in turn interacted with child characteristics (age and gender) in determining activity intensity. Conclusion: Our findings are in line with the ecological perspective regarding environmental influences on behavior, and stress the importance of incorporating the child-care environment in efforts to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

循环冷却水中碱度、钙和总硬快速测定法研究

为工业循环冷却水中碱度、钙硬和总硬度的测定推荐了一种连续滴定的新方法。方法准确、可靠、简便、快速,是工业水处理过程中一种较理想的监测方法。     

Primary and secondary control over age-related changes in physical appearance

Beliefs about appearance-related changes due to aging were used to test the effects of perceived control and secondary control (acceptance) in a sample of 412 young, early-middle-age, and late-middle-age college-educated adults. Mean difference in aging-related appearance control and hypotheses regarding the adaptiveness of primary and secondary control were examined. Primary control over aging-related appearance was lower in older adults and secondary control was higher. In addition, the results indicated support for the Primacy/Back-Up Model that primary perceived control is important at all levels of actual control. Those with stronger beliefs in their primary control were less distressed. Secondary control served a back-up function in that it was related to less distress only for those who had medium or lower beliefs in primary control. The implications of these findings, that primary control may be advantageous even in low-control circumstances, are discussed.     

Transvaginal intra-amniotic injection of methotrexate in early ectopic pregnancy. Advantages over the laparoscopic approach

The durations of sequences of functionally related movements, or action units, were analysed in the baboons Papio hamadryas and Papio anubis. Action units are completed within a narrow time span or temporal segment as found previously in pongids and humans. Although the temporal segmentation is generally similar in the three species, baboons show several differences from both chimpanzees and humans. Firstly, their temporal segments are shorter and less variable and the different sorts of action units, such as hand-body contact or interactions with an object, show slight but significant differences in duration. Secondly, those action units that consist of movements occurring twice last almost twice as long as action units without repetitions. In contrast, in chimpanzees and humans, repetition of a set of movements compresses the first set so that the action unit duration does not increase. This is thought to be due to a form of presyntactical motor planning. Its absence in baboons shows that presyntactical motor planning is confined to those primates with language ability and so provides further support for a relationship between motor and language systems.     

The impact of same-day tests versus traditional overnight testing

Within the last decade, major technologic advances have been made in clinical microbiology that have resulted in the availability of a wide variety of different methods for the rapid reporting of test results. Included among these technologies are rapid methods for producing antimicrobial susceptibility reports that many regard as the most important information generated by the microbiology laboratory. Ideally, the early availability of this important information should favorably affect patient care by enabling the more judicious use of alternative drug therapies that are equally efficacious yet less toxic and less costly to the patient. Clinicians appear to have been reluctant to modify initial empiric therapies, however, despite the availability of the rapid antimicrobial susceptibility report. This article addresses some of the issues responsible for this long-standing problem and discusses and explores various strategies that can be implemented for improving the use and for controlling the cost of antimicrobial agents within the hospital.     

Five decades of public controversy over mental testing.

Discusses the conflict over the validity of intelligence testing, using it as an example of what happens when scientists and academicians enter the area of public policy-making. Political and social aspects of Arthur Jensen's 1969 article and resulting controversy are examined, and some possible generalizations (e.g., the zeitgeist and the media, how the scientist conducts himself in public, and the consequences of knowledge) are discussed. (62 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

理化检测数据的多元回归分析

结合韶钢实际情况,开发了理化检测数据多元回归分析计算机应用程序.此程序可定量分析钢材机械性能与化学成分之间的关系,为质量管理者提供了一种有力的质量分析工具.     

Relative impact of oxidative stress on the functional competence and genomic integrity of human spermatozoa

Reactive oxygen metabolites are known to disrupt sperm-oocyte fusion, sperm movement, and DNA integrity; however, the relative sensitivities of these elements to oxidative stress are unknown. In this study these factors were assessed in human spermatozoa exposed to increasing levels of oxidative stress achieved through the stimulation of endogenous oxidant generation with NADPH or direct exposure to hydrogen peroxide. At low levels of oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation was significantly reduced while the rates of sperm-oocyte fusion were significantly enhanced. As the level of oxidative stress increased, the spermatozoa exhibited significantly elevated levels of DNA damage (p < 0.001) and yet continued to express an enhanced capacity for sperm-oocyte fusion. At the highest levels of oxidative stress, extremely high rates of DNA fragmentation were observed but the spermatozoa exhibited a parallel loss in their capacities for movement and oocyte fusion. These studies emphasize how redox mechanisms can either enhance or disrupt the functional and genomic integrity of human spermatozoa depending on the intensity of the oxidative stimulus. Because these qualities are affected at different rates, spermatozoa exhibiting significant DNA damage are still capable of fertilizing the oocyte. These results may have long-term implications for the safety of assisted conception procedures in cases associated with oxidative stress.     

A three-dimensional mathematical model of electromagnetic casting and testing against a physical model: Part II. Results from a physical model and testing of the mathematical model

A physical model of an electromagnetic caster was constructed. The model was intended to provide measured data for comparison with the predictions of the three-dimensional (3-D) mathematical model described in part I. The physical model consisted of a molten Wood's metal pool (176×176 mm seen from above) on the top of an aluminum-bronze block. Probes were used to measure electric and magnetic fields, the deformation of the liquid surface, and the electromagnetically driven flow, at many positions within the melt, as a function of model geometry. Agreement between the measurements and the predictions of the mathematical model was generally good. The melt flow was 3-D and strongly influenced by the position of the electromagnetic screen interposed between the inductor and the metal pool.