Linearity Improved Doherty Power Amplifier Using Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Lines

A Doherty power amplifier using composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH-TL) is proposed for linearity improvement. The $lambda/$4 transmission line incorporating CRLH-TL is designed to suppress the second harmonic of the output of the main amplifier. The output power of the proposed power amplifier at the fundamental frequency (2.30 GHz) shows 31.0 dBm with 13 dBm input power excited. The Doherty power amplifier using CRLH-TL improves the linearity considerably compared to that without employing CRLH-TL.      

Dual-Band Mixer Using Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Lines

The concept of composite right left-handed transmission lines provides for one additional degree of freedom in realizing arbitrary dual-band frequency response devices. In this letter, an arbitrary dual-band operation mixer, based on the classical balanced mixer topology is proposed. The prototype demonstrates the mixer performance for a ratio of 2.5 between the two operation bands (860 MHz and 2,150 MHz). The conversion losses are better than 8.5 dB in both bands.     

基于复合左右手传输线小型化功分器的设计

传统的一分多路功分器的隔离网络占用的尺寸较大.根据复合左右手传输线的双曲-线性色散关系可以设计出零相移复合左右手传输线,利用这种传输线来改进传统功分器的隔离网络,可以有效减小整个功分器的尺寸.采用零相移复合左右手传输线来改进三等分功分器的隔离网络,整个功分器的面积比传统的减小了70%,实验结果证明了设计方法的正确性.     

利用简单复合左右手传输线实现的任意双频器件

将传统的复合左右手传输线中的串联电容去除,得到一种更加紧凑、更容易实现的简单结构复合左右手传输线.它与一般右手传输线相比仍具有非线性相移特性,利用该特性可以实现任意双频的微波器件.本文设计制作了工作在900/1800MHz的双频四分之一波长短路短截线、双频Wilkinson功分器.仿真和实测结果证明了其双频特性.     

基于复合左右手传输线结构的多频高效功放

提出一种多频高效功率放大器的设计方法。采用源牵引和负载牵引确定最佳源阻抗和负载阻抗,使用复合左右手传输线实现多频匹配并抑制二次谐波。仿真结果表明,放大器在0.9GHz、1.4GHz、2.1GHz三个频点均可输出10W功率,增益为13dB,且具有60%以上的工作效率。     

利用左右手传输线设计一种小型分支线耦合器

提出一种利用左右手传输线和互补螺线谐振器电路设计的小型分支线耦合器,工作频率为720 MHz.将互补螺线谐振器电路替换原微带传输线,达到了缩小器件尺寸的目的.利用Ansoft HFSS进行了仿真,此种方法设计的分支线耦合器尺寸比传统的电路缩小50%,在中心频率处耦合度(S21,S31)为-3.2 dB,隔离度(S41)...     

基于复合左右手的零阶谐振天线设计

设计了一种基于复合左右手传输线结构的零阶谐振天线,讨论了零阶谐振天线的工作原理。使用Ansoft Designer软件仿真和优化了中心频率为1.8 GHz,单元组为5单元、7单元、9单元单元和11单元的零阶谐振天线。文中给出了零阶谐振天线的具体设计尺寸和由9单元构成的零阶谐振天线的仿真图,其天线增益为8.7 dBi,在中心频率处电压反射系数为1.28。基于复合左右手传输线结构设计的零阶谐振天线其尺寸和损耗都比微带阵列天线小。     

基于复合左右手传输线的LTCC滤波器设计*

基于Caloz等人提出的复合左右手传输线结构,结合低温陶瓷共烧技术(LTCC)工艺特点,通过三维交指电容和接地带状线结构实现了多层复合左右手传输线(ML CRLH TL)谐振器。该结构将平面的交指电容转移到Z方向上,有效地减小了谐振器的尺寸。通过对谐振器结构特性的研究和分析,总结出各参量变化对中心频率、带宽及带内波纹的影响。在此基础上设计出了平面尺寸仅为2.4mm×1.0mm的可用于WALN的高性能ML CRLHTL带通滤波器。     

Dielectric-Resonator-Based Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Lines and Their Application to Leaky Wave Antenna

Propagation and radiation characteristics of 1-D dielectric-resonator-based composite right/left-handed metamaterial structures with open mesh plates are investigated as a function of configuration parameters. The complex effective permittivity and permeability are estimated from the scattering parameters of the unit-cell structure. Based on this configuration, the single-mode transmission line is designed and the backfire-to-endfire frequency-scanned leaky wave antenna is implemented. It is found from numerical simulations that the 30-cell leaky wave antenna has a gain of 10 dBi with a scanning angle of over 90deg covering backfire-to-endfire directions. The measurement results show as wide beam-steering angles as numerically predicted.     

Switchable Composite Right/Left-Handed (S-CRLH) Transmission Line Using MEMS Switches

This letter presents a novel switchable composite right/left-handed (S-CRLH) metamaterial transmission line (TL) using MEMS switches. The proposed TL is based on a general CRLH TL with switchable capacitors and switchable shunt inductive stubs. The LH mode of the S-CRLH TL ranges from 7.5 GHz to 10.4 GHz. In these frequencies, the S-CRLH TL is able to switch from a negative phase response (phase lag) to a positive phase response (phase lead), or vice versa. This phase modulation can be obtained through a voltage, due to the use of MEMS switches. The size of the fabricated S-CRLH TL, including bias networks, is $4941 mu{rm m}times 2076 mu{rm m}$ and is compact thanks to the LH mode.      

Improvement of Return Loss Bandwidth of Balanced Amplifier Using Metamaterial-Based Quadrature Power Splitters

A new balanced amplifier (BA) using metamaterial-based quadrature power splitters (QPSs) is presented in this letter. Instead of using conventional 90 couplers, the developed BA is implemented by two parallel amplifiers with broadband metamaterial-based QPSs at input and output ends. Since the QPSs can provide a broadband quadrature phase difference between two outputs, the input/output reflections from two amplifiers can be effectively cancelled over a wide bandwidth. The developed BA demonstrates the input/output return loss of better than 10 dB from 1.2 to 3.5 GHz with 97.9% relative bandwidth.     

Systematic Lumped-Element Modeling of Differential IC Transmission Lines

In this paper, we report a systematic and efficient approach to obtain lumped-element models for differential integrated-circuit interconnect transmission lines covering both the low-frequency R/C as well as the high-frequency quasi-TEM behavior. To accurately model signal delay and loss, and to preserve causality, the frequency dependence of both line resistance as well as the line inductance is included in our model. The impact of ground inductance is also properly covered by the model. The validity of our approach is verified against experimental data collected up to 120 GHz for the even and odd modes on these differential transmission lines. We predict that these lines can transport data over 1-cm distance with rates up to 40 Gb/s, even with some imbalance in differential drive.      

High-Temperature Superconducting Coplanar Left-Handed Transmission Lines and Resonators

This paper implements wideband, low-loss, and via-free left-handed transmission lines (LH-TLs) using superconductor thin films. Introducing superconductors greatly reduces the loss inherited in the constituent series capacitors and shunt inductors of such planar LH-TLs. The measured results agree very well with design expectations. The bandwidth of left-handed characteristics is 4.9–10.9 GHz, with a minimum insertion loss of 0.03 dB at 30 K. Open-ended LH-TL resonators are also characterized at the different harmonics; of special interest are those with zero or negative phase constants, which are not possible when using any conventional transmission lines. Temperature-dependence measurements of the LH-TLs reveal the effect of the superconductor kinetic inductance.     

A Broadband Quadrature Power Splitter Using Metamaterial Transmission Line

A broadband quadrature power splitter (QPS) is developed using the metamaterial transmission line (MM TL). It consists of a Wilkinson power divider and two phase-adjusting TLs, namely a MM TL and a microstrip (MS). The slope of the phase-response curve of the MM TL is synthesized to be the same as that of the MS along with the 90deg phase increment at two design frequencies. Hence, the broadband quadrature phase difference over the desired frequency range can be obtained. In this letter, the QPS is developed at the center frequency of 2 GHz. Over the frequency range of 1.1-3.5 GHz, an amplitude imbalance of less than 0.9 dB and a phase error of less than plusmn5deg have been experimentally demonstrated.     

Dual Composite Right/Left-Handed (D-CRLH) Transmission Line Metamaterial

The novel concept of dual composite right/left-handed (D-CRLH) transmission line metamaterial is introduced. The D-CRLH is the "dual" of the conventional CRLH in the sense that it has a series parallel (instead of series) LC tank and a shunt series (instead of parallel) LC tank. This topological duality results in dual properties. The D-CRLH indeed exhibits its left-handed (LH) band at high frequencies and its right-handed (RH) band at low frequencies and is of stop-band nature, in opposition to the CRLH which is low-frequency-LH/high-frequency-RH and pass-band. The so-called balanced condition is still valid in the D-CRLH for broadband matching. However, phase origin is at dc and infinity instead, as at the LH-RH transition, and the gap between the RH and LH bands cannot be closed up in practical implementations. In contrast, the D-CRLH provides an unlimited LH bandwidth. This letter presents the homogeneous and LC-network transmission parameters and the fundamental dispersion/impedance properties of the D-CRLH     

基于左右手传输线的小型天线设计

基于复合左右手传输线技术研究设计超小型的天线,通过对复合左右手传输线结构的适当调整获得一个零阶谐振天线,此时天线的工作频率不再依赖于天线的几何尺寸,而只与构成左手传输线的电感与电容相关,从而可大大降低天线的几何尺寸。文中基于复合左右手传输线设计了一款小型天线,使其可以工作在ISM频段,能够满足无线局域网(2.4~2.4835GHz)的要求。     

Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line With Wire Bonded Interdigital Capacitor

An enhanced composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) is presented in this letter. This TL, designed in microstrip technology, is implemented by means of a new improved interdigital capacitor (IDC), the so-called wire bonded IDC (WBIDC). The use of the WBIDC broadens the frequency band where the CRLH TL can be considered as a TL. A conventional 70-Omega CRLH TL (using IDCs) has been compared, by full-wave simulation and measurements, with its enhanced counterpart (using WBIDCs). In addition, this enhanced CRLH TL has been used to design a CRLH diplexer which presents several advantages over standard CRLH coupled lines (using IDCs). The diplexer response has been verified by means of a full-wave electromagnetic solver     

一种基于同轴波导的异向传输线

该文提出了一种基于同轴波导的新型异向传输线,与现有基于微带电路的异向传输线相比,这种结构有更高的工作频率、损耗较低和更大的功率容量;与基于同轴波导和矩形波导的异向传输线相比,其结构更简单容易实现。等效电路与有限元仿真的结果均表明这种结构在特定的频段表现出明显的异向特性。     

关于传输线等效集总电路模型的拓展教学

传输线的等效集总电路模型有助于理解和掌握传输线的基本概念,并可用于电特性的仿真分析。本文分别探讨了在教学过程中需拓展的两个重要知识点。其一,在高频工作情况下,需要对含有频变分布参数的传输线进行准确建模,获取相应的等效集总电路模型;其二,在分析多导体构成的耦合传输线时,等效集总电路模型同样值得探究。     

利用复合左右手传输线设计任意双频微带分支线定向耦合器

该文对基于复合左右手传输线(CRLH-TLs)的双频技术进行了改进,控制设计参数,使其在任意两个工作频率的相位响应分别为和,并用它设计了一个可同时工作在0.9GHz和1.8GHz的微带分支线定向耦合器(BLC)。仿真及实验结果表明：若其它参数保持不变,文中给出的双频微带BLC只与工作在0.9GHz的传统单频BLC尺寸相当,比前人利用CRLH-TLs结构实现的双频BLC尺寸显著减小。这在一定程度上解决了双频工作与结构紧凑性之间的矛盾,具有一定的工程应用价值。