纳米SiO2对原位分散聚合制备导电聚苯胺薄膜结构与性能的影响

在苯胺的化学氧化体系中,采用无机纳米微粒二氧化硅作为空间稳定剂,在玻璃基体表面直接制备了透明导电的聚苯胺薄膜,并与水溶性高分子聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)做稳定剂进行比较。采用SEM、紫外光谱、红外光谱和四探针电导率仪对薄膜的表观形貌、厚度、化学结构和电导率进行了表征。结果表明:稳定剂的存在有效抑制了溶液中宏观沉淀的生成,制得的薄膜表面光滑致密;与水溶性高分子聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂的情况相比较,纳米SiO2做稳定剂条件下,整个反应体系诱导期相对延长,反应速率相对缓慢,薄膜的生长速度也相对缓慢;薄膜的饱和厚度达到200nm左右,高于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)做稳定剂的情况;所得薄膜的电导率要相对低一些,仍属于半导体范围;红外光谱分析发现制备的聚苯胺薄膜中无稳定剂存在,说明稳定剂未参与薄膜的生长聚合。     

玻璃基体表面原位生长PANI薄膜的微纳米结构与导电性能

采用分散聚合方法在玻璃基体表面制备得表面光滑聚苯胺(PANI)导电膜.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究氧化剂过硫酸铵(APS)加入方式、质子酸环境对制得膜形貌的影响.通过紫外光谱和红外光谱分析玻璃基体表面导电PANI膜的结构.结果发现:采用滴加APS方式可制得致密PANI膜;本身黏度较大的无机舍氧酸(高氯酸、磷酸)与PVP稳定剂并用时会使体系黏度增大,无法制得导电薄膜(高氯酸、PVP体系)或只能得到有缺限的膜(磷酸、PVP体系).紫外分析证实玻璃基体表面是掺杂态PANI膜,红外分析表明PANI膜结构中不合有稳定剂PVP.膜的电导率数量级在10-3S/cm,电导率高低与形貌好坏存在一致性.     

高氯酸掺杂原位沉积聚苯胺薄膜的制备及性能研究

以高氯酸为介质酸,PVA为空间稳定剂,采用分散聚合方法,在玻璃表面原位沉积制得光滑半透明聚苯胺薄腰。研究了分散体系的反应过程、薄膜的表观形貌和微观结构、膜厚的影响因素、薄膜的电导率以及热稳定性能。结果表明:构成薄膜的聚苯胺粒子呈球型或椭球型;薄膜具有三级结构特征;高氯酸不仅作为介质酸,同时作为掺杂剂;薄膜的结晶性能不佳;薄膜厚度与介质酸的浓度并非线性关系;薄膜的电导牢处于半导体水平;电导率大小与无机介质酸的酸性强弱有一定关系,与表面形貌关系更为紧密;高氯酸掺杂聚苯胺薄膜在67.3℃时开始脱掺杂,在277.2℃脱除完全。     

PANI-DBSA/MMA-BA共聚物导电涂料的结构与性能表征

以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)掺杂的聚苯胺(PANI)为导电组分,三氯甲烷为溶剂,采用溶液共混法制备聚苯胺/丙烯酸酯共聚物(AA)导电薄膜。对导电薄膜进行了导电性能测试,扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)及差示扫描量热(DSC)分析。结果表明:导电薄膜的电导率随PANI-DBSA含量的增加而增加,体系的逾渗阈值低于4%(质量分数)。共混体系表现出良好的相容性。     

聚苯胺薄膜在不同质子酸溶液中的生长

在H2SO4、HCl、HNO3和H3PO4质子酸水溶液中采用原位聚合法在石英基片上制备了聚苯胺薄膜.通过对薄膜试样进行红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外光谱、扫描电镜(SEM)、导电性能的测试研究不同种类质子酸对聚苯胺薄膜厚度及导电性能的影响.实验结果表明,试样的掺杂程度和薄膜分子链共轭长度是提高试样导电性能的重要因素,质子酸的氧化性对薄膜生长和导电性能也会产生影响.     

基于EHD的PVA薄膜图案化及其在玻璃表面微结构制造中的应用

以电流体动力(EHD)诱导聚乙烯醇(PVA)薄膜表面微结构的形成为对象,研究了不同EHD工艺和氢氟酸刻蚀工艺对PVA薄膜微图案结构及玻璃表面微结构制备和光学性能的影响,提出了一种利用PVA微图案结构调控氢氟酸刻蚀玻璃表面制备光学微结构的新方法.结果表明,改变EHD诱导电压和PVA薄膜初始厚度可以得到区别化的PVA薄膜微...     

聚苯胺导电涂料的制备及性能研究

本研究采用氧化聚合方法制备了具有高电导率的导电聚苯胺。并以这种聚苯胺为导电填料,以丙稀酸为成膜物,制备了一种电导率为10-8～10-5s/m的导电涂料。并研究了聚苯胺含量对导电涂料电导率及涂膜性能的影响。     

PVP对原位沉积PANI/PI结构和导电性的影响

采用分散聚合体系,在聚酰亚胺(PI)基体表面原位沉积聚苯胺(PANI)制备高导电的PANI/PI/PANI复合膜.结果表明,空间稳定剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)对PANI粒子的稳定效应主要对大粒子起稳定作用;基体表面致密膜层主要由PANI小粒子堆砌形成.基体表面为质子酸(盐酸)掺杂的PANI膜层,膜中不含有PVP.采用高相对分子质量PVP作为稳定剂、增大PVP浓度可使复合膜表面结构致密.     

聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇微乳液导电涂料的研制及其性能的测试

采用氧化聚合方法合成可溶性的聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇(PAn/PVA)复合导电涂料.研究了反应体系中聚苯胺的含量、反应时间、温度及酸浓度对导电涂料电导率的影响,确定了较佳的聚合反应条件,同时对其稳定性、导电性、力学性及其表面结构等进行了测试.结果表明,PAn/PVA导电涂料稳定性好,在空气中放置80h电导率无明显变化,涂料涂层的电导率最高可达4.57s/cm,加入环氧树脂可明显改善涂层的附着力.     

反应条件对原位聚合聚苯胺薄膜性能影响

利用分散聚合法,在玻璃基体表面原位聚合沉积得到透明导电聚苯胺(PANI)薄膜,考察了反应条件对PANI薄膜形貌、电导率等性能的影响。结果表明,反应温度选用冰水浴(0℃),氧化聚合反应温和,薄膜质量高;氧化剂APS(过硫酸铵)加入方式的细化,有利于改善薄膜的表观形貌和电导率;利用硅烷偶联剂OTS(十八烷基三氯硅烷)处理玻璃表面,得到的PANI薄膜更加细密均匀,电导率也显著提高;换用磷酸为掺杂酸,得到的PANI薄膜表观质量差,电导率低。     

原位聚合沉积制备聚苯胺/聚酰亚胺/聚苯胺复合膜

以聚酰亚胺(PI)膜为基体,采用分散聚合原位沉积方法制得聚苯胺/聚酰亚胺/聚苯胺(PANI/PL/PANI)三层复合膜.复合膜表面PANI层外观质量优异,电导率达10~0S/cm.实验结果表明:加入高浓度空间稳定剂(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,PVP)、调整氧化剂(过硫酸铵,APS)和介质酸(盐酸)的用量可制得表面质量和电导率高的复合膜.较适宜的反应条件为稳定剂质量浓度4%,APS与苯胺(An)的物质的量比为2:4,盐酸浓度为0.5 mol/L.     

Electrically conductive nanocomposites of polyaniline with poly(vinyl alcohol) and methylcellulose

Electrically conductive nanocomposites of HCl‐doped polyaniline (PANI–HCl) nanocolloid particles with water‐soluble and film‐forming polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and methylcellulose (MC) were prepared by the redispersion of preformed MC‐coated submicrometric PANI–HCl particles in PVA and MC solutions under sonication for 1 h and the casting of the films from the dispersions followed by drying. The submicrometric polyaniline (PANI) particles were prepared by the oxidative dispersion polymerization of aniline in an acidic (1.25M HCl) aqueous ethanol (30 : 70) medium with MC as a steric stabilizer. The particles contained 4.7 wt % MC and had a conductivity of 7.4 S/cm. They had an oblong shape of 203 nm (length) and 137 nm (breadth). Sonication broke the oblong‐shaped particles to sizes of ～10 nm in the PVA matrix and ～60 nm in the MC matrix. The electrical conductivity of these films was measured, and the percolation threshold was determined. The composites had the characteristics of a low percolation threshold at a volume fraction of PANI of 2.5 × 10^?2 in the PVA matrix and at a volume fraction of 3.7 × 10^?2 in the MC matrix. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Preparation and performance of PANI–PVA composite film doped with HCl

The polyaniline (PANI)–poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite film doped with HCl was prepared by adopting PVA as matrix. Effects of PVA content and film drying temperature on properties of HCl–PANI–PVA composite film were studied. A comparison was made for tensile strength, elasticity, conductivity and thermal stability of PVA, HCl–PANI or HCl–PANI–PVA. PVA film presented the highest tensile strength and elasticity (150.8?MPa and 300.0%), but its conductivity was the lowest. The conductivity of HCl–PANI–PVA was the highest (1500?S?m^?1), and tensile strength and elasticity of HCl–PANI–PVA were higher than those of HCl–PANI. The order of their thermal stability is PVA?>?HCl–PANI?>?HCl–PANI–PVA before 260°C, and the order of their thermal stability is HCl–PANI?>?HCl–PANI–PVA?>?PVA after 260°C. At the same time, the structure and conductive mechanism of composite materials were characterised and analysed through infrared and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).     

Preparation of polyaniline/phosphorylated poly(vinyl alcohol) nanoparticles and their aqueous redispersion stability

A novel approach for the preparation of the colloidal conducting polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles was developed. The polyaniline/partially phosphorylated poly(vinyl alcohol)(PANI/P‐PVA) nanoparticles were prepared by the chemical oxidative dispersion polymerization of aniline monomer in 1.0 M HCl aqueous media with the partially phosphorylated poly(vinyl alcohol) (P‐PVA) as the stabilizer and codopant. The PANI/P‐PVA nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), electrical conductivity measurement, and redispersion stability testing. All the results were compared with the properties of the conventional polyaniline in the emeraldine salt form (PANI ES). It was found that the P‐PVA/aniline feeding ratio obviously affected the morphology, redispersion stability and electrical conductivity of the PANI/P‐PVA nanoparticles. When the P‐PVA/aniline feeding ratio ranged from 50 to 60 wt %, the PANI/P‐PVA nanoparticles showed spherical shape with good uniformity, significant redispersion stability in aqueous media, and good electrical conductivity up to 7 S/cm. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011     

Processable conductive blends of polyaniline/polyimide

By using camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) to protonate polyaniline (PANI), the counterion enabled the PANI–CSA complex processable as a solution phase. So camphorsulfonic acid (CSA)-doped polyaniline/polyimide (PANI/PI) blend films were prepared by the solvent casting method using N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) as a cosolvent followed by thermal imidization. The conductivity of the PANI–CSA/PAA (50 wt % PANI content) is greater than that of the pure PANI sample at room temperature. As the thermal imidization proceeded, molecular order of polymer chain structure was improved in the resulting PANI–CSA/PI film due to the annealing effect of PANI chain, and this PANI–CSA/PI film showed higher conductivity than PANI–CSA and PANI–CSA/PAA film. PANI–CSA/PI blend films had a good thermal stability of conductivity at high temperature. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:1863–1870, 1998     

Preparation and characterization of conductive poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyaniline doped by dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (PVA/PANDB) blend films

In this study a solution‐blend method is adopted to prepare conductive poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyaniline doped by dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (PVA/PANDB) blend films. Emeraldine base (EB)‐type polyaniline (PANI) is dissolved in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone (NMP) and then blended with PVA/dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) solution by various amounts. It is found that the electrical conductivity and the thermal degradation onset temperature of the PVA/PANDB blend film are increased as the amount of EB‐type PANI solution is increased. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra show that the intensity of the characteristic peak of the functional groups in the blend film is significantly changed as the amount of EB‐type PANI is changed. From optical microscopy examination, it indicates that the amount and size of green particles are increased with increasing the amount of EB‐type PANI solution. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3415–3422, 2007     

复合酸掺杂PVA/PANI/Ag复合膜的电化学制备及性能研究

采用电化学法制备了硫酸(H2SO4)和磺基水杨酸(SSA)共掺杂的导电聚乙烯醇/聚苯胺(PVA/PANI)复合膜,采用正交设计法优化了工艺条件,研究了沉积银电流密度和时间、拉伸对复合膜电导率的影响。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜对复合膜进行表征。结果表明,最佳条件下获得的PVA/PANI复合膜的电导率为22.72 S/cm;在此复合膜上以50 mA/cm2沉积2 min银可使复合膜的电导率提高到1250 S/cm;对2种复合膜进行适当的拉伸可使其电导率分别提高20.74 %和18.04 %。复合膜有一定程度的结晶,经拉伸后其结晶度有所提高。     

Preparation of PANI–PVA composite film with good conductivity and strong mechanical property

The polyaniline (PANI)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) conductive composite films [doped with hydrochloride (HCl), dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid and amino sulphonic acid (NH₂SO₃H) aqueous solution] were synthesised by ‘in situ’ polymerisation, and their conductivities were compared. Among these composite films, HCl–PANI–PVA composite film possessed the highest conductivity that reached 1360?S·m^??1 [w_(PVA)?=?40%]. Meanwhile, the effects of PVA content, HCl concentration, oxidant ammonium persulphate (APS) dosage, reaction time and film drying temperature on tensile strength of the HCl–PANI–PVA composite films were studied. The tensile strength of the film was improved greatly due to effective mixture of PANI and PVA. When the PVA content was 40%, C_(HCl)?=?1.0?mol·L^??1, reaction time was 4.0?h, n_(APS)/n_(aniline)?=?1.0 and film drying temperature was 80°C, and the tensile strength of the HCl–PANI–PVA composite film reached the maximum of 60.8?MPa. At the same time, the structure of composite materials was characterised and analysed through ultraviolet spectrum and SEM.