一种基于二阶锥约束克服信道不匹配的盲分离方法

针对多输入多输出（MIMO）系统信道不匹配造成的系统性能受损问题,结合二阶锥规划约束最优化理论,提出了一种二阶锥条件约束的盲源分离算法,用于提高信道不匹配条件下的MIMO系统性能。该算法首先利用信道不匹配问题得到的二阶锥约束条件与负熵最大化的独立分量分析形成一个约束的最优化代价函数;其次,约束的代价函数借助牛顿迭代原则最优化得到分离向量。仿真分析验证了该算法在信道不匹配条件下可以有效提升MIMO系统的性能。     

Joint spatial-frequency blind multiuser detection based on LCCMA

Multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) has the ability to combat with frequency selective fading and antenna array can enhance the performance of system. The paper proposes a novel joint spatial-frequency blind multiuser detection for antenna array MC-CDMA based on linear constraint constant modulation algorithm (LCCMA), which has robust performance and can ensue the weight vectors to converge to that of the desired user. Simulation indicates the proposed algorithm has better bit error ratio (BER) performance than that of the traditional beamforming-based two-step algorithm.     

Robust blind adaptive multiuser detector

A modified version of the constrained mean output energy (CMOE) detector, called a multiuser detector (MUD), is presented. With estimation of the channel noise variance, a significant reduction in performance can be avoided when signature mismatch exits, which is one of main problems of the CMOE detector. Numerical results are presented which confirm the validity of the method     

一种改进的MOE盲多用户检测算法

针对最小输出能量(MOE)准则,分析并研究了直扩码分多址(DS-CDMA)通信系统中的三种盲多用户检测算法,即最小均方(LMS)算法,递推最小二乘(RKS)以及判决反馈变步长MOE检测算法(DF-MOE).仿真实验了同步DS-CDMA系统中平稳信道以及非平稳信道下三种算法抑制多址干扰(MAI)的能力,并且根据各自特点,提出将RLS算法和DF-MOE算法相结合,使其更好地适应于动态系统.     

Robust multiuser detection based on variable loading RLS technique

A variable loading recursive least squares (VLRLS) multiuser detection based on the generalized sidelobe canceller is presented to realize the suppression of multiple access interference in code division multiple access (CDMA) systems. In conjunction with a subweight partition approach, the VLRLS detector demonstrates the advantages of insensitivity to dynamic estimate modeling error, less computational load, and more robust to against spreading code mismatches compared to the conventional VLRLS and RLS-based detectors. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed detector.     

非视距环境下基于二阶锥规划的RSS定位算法

针对无线传感器网络在非视距(NLOS)环境下利用接收信号强度(RSS)定位存在精度不足的问题,提出了一种新的基于二阶锥规划(SOCP)的鲁棒性定位算法。在假定非视距偏差上界的基础上构建了对非视距偏差量具有鲁棒性的定位方程,从而抑制了非视距偏差的干扰;接着利用凸优化技术将鲁棒性的定位问题转化为二阶锥规划问题,达到精确估计的目的,进而提高定位精度;此外,将定位问题推广到未知发射功率的情况,提出了一个迭代SOCP的算法。仿真结果表明,所提出的算法有效地解决了非视距定位中存在的问题,且定位精度要优于以往的牛顿迭代法、UT法以及SOCP法。     

基于差分空时分组码的卡尔曼盲多用户检测

对大容量、高性能蜂窝通信系统的需求引起了人们对先进信号处理技术的极大兴趣，尤其是使用多个发射／接收天线，利用空域分集的处理技术更是受到了广泛关注。使用多个发射天线及差分空时分组码，可用一种新的适用于频率平坦信道的盲自适应多用户接收机。新方法不需要信道估计，它首先利用卡尔曼(Kalman)自适应滤波器抑制多址干扰，然后完成差分空时解码获得分集增益。计算机仿真结果表明该方法具有较强的抗衰落和抑制多址干扰的能力，并能自适应地跟踪信号环境的变化。     

基于子空间盲多用户检测算法的设计和仿真

随着数字移动通信技术的飞速发展,以码分多址(CDMA)为核心的第三代移动通信(3G)技术已经走入人们的日常生活。CDMA系统具有容量大、软容量、抗多径衰落强等优点,但多址干扰(MAI)的存在却严重的影响了系统的性能和容量,因此如何消除和抑制这种干扰就成了CDMA技术研究的热门话题之一,第三代移动通信系统已经将多用户检测技术(MUD)作为克服多址干扰的有效方法之一。文中主要研究了直接序列扩频码分多址(DS-CDMA)系统中的盲多用户检测算法,深入的研究了基于卡尔曼滤波的盲多用户检测算法,通过在卡尔曼滤波算法上引入子空间提高了原有卡尔曼滤波算法的效率。     

基于多级维纳滤波的低秩盲空时多用户检测

应用最大最小原理实现了广义正则形式的最小方差空时多用户检测,并采用多级维纳滤波结构提出了一种新的低秩处理算法。进一步与现有的几种低秩处理算法进行了比较,分析了秩的选择对系统性能的影响。     

Spatio-temporal blind adaptive multiuser detection

We propose blind multiuser detection schemes with antenna arrays, which is based on signal subspace estimation. They are a multichannel extension of the decorrelating and minimum mean-square-error detectors, and therefore they share their immunity to near-far effects. The blind scheme may be seen as an extension of the results in of Wang and Poor (see IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol.44, p.677-90, 1998). However, it is seen that compared with the latter results when spatial diversity is considered, the proposed spatio-temporal detectors offer, with little attendant increase in computational complexity, a better performance. A blind adaptive implementation based on a new orthogonal PAST (projection approximation subspace tracking) algorithm, which is shown to be efficient for subspace tracking, is proposed. Also, we develop a blind estimation of the spatial signature based on the orthogonality between noise and signal subspaces. It is seen that the blind adaptive multiuser detection and blind spatio-temporal signature estimation can he integrated jointly     

A joint TDOA and FDOA estimation algorithm based on second-order cone programming

ABSTRACT

Considering the low estimation accuracy of the traditional interpolation method, this paper, on the basis of second-order cone programming (SOCP), proposes a novel joint time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) estimation interpolation method, which can attain the sub-sample precision. The proposed method uses several discrete samples produced by cross ambiguity function (CAF) to structure the convex optimization models with regard to the interpolation surface. Then, the SOCP is utilized to obtain the interpolation surface which matches the discrete surface of CAF well. Finally, the method achieves the precision superior to the traditional TDOA and FDOA estimation directly through the search for the maximum of the continuous approximate surface. This method decreases the computational load without loss of precision and can efficiently reduce the limitation of finite sampling interval and sampling time in estimation precision. Numerical simulations show that the method in this paper is efficient and outperforms existing interpolation algorithms about estimation precision.     

基于正交滤波器组的盲自适应多用户检测算法

本文通过将盲目多用户检测器的最优权矢量分解为几个子权值矢量，并在于RLS算法导出了对子权值矢量进行调整的自适应算法，从而降低了检测器所需的运算量，仿真实验表明该算法具有较好的收潋性能和稳态性能。     

基于约束最小均方的噪声抑制MOE盲多用户检测

针对最小输出能量(minimum output energy,MOE)检测器的权向量由于受到噪声的影响而导致性能下降的问题,设计了一种新的MOE检测器,并且利用约束最小均方(least mean square,LMS)算法得到权向量,提出DS-CDMA系统下一种基于约束LMS的MOE盲噪声抑制多用户检测算法.该算法将权向量和噪声子空间正交,消除了权向量中的噪声分量,降低了噪声输出能量,从而使系统的性能优于常规的LMS盲多用户检测.仿真结果证明了所提算法的有效性和优越性.     

多用户检测中盲自适应算法的研究

多用户检测中的盲目适应算法包括上输出能量（ＭＯＥ）算法、Ｓａｔｏ算法、恒模算法（ＣＭＡ）和约束恒模算法（Ｃ－ＣＭＡ）。本文比较了以上算法和均方误差（ＭＳＥ）算法的收敛性能,仿真表明在保证收敛的条件下,ＣＭＡ或Ｃ－ＣＭＡ算法具有收敛速度快、稳态性能好的优点,因此实际系统中可以先脾ＭＯＥ算法,当达到稳态后,转到ＣＭＡ或Ｃ－ＣＭＡ算法上以提高稳态性能,且计算复杂度只有Ｏ（Ｎ）。     

二维束宽恒定的二阶锥规划波束形成方法

二阶锥规划作为凸优化理论的一个分支,近些年来已应用于波束形成的研究,但在已有研究中基于均匀线阵的一维波束形成研究得较多,且较少考虑不同指向下的束宽恒定问题。因此,基于矩形平面阵,将二阶锥规划的一维束宽恒定波束形成方法扩展到二维作为主要研究目标,首先采用Dolph-Chebyshev加权方法设计出二维参考波束,再以主瓣逼近和旁瓣最小为约束,引入二阶锥规划方法设计了支持不同俯仰角和方位角指向的二维波束。经仿真分析,所提方法可实现在三维空间中的不同指向下的波束形成,且在俯仰角设定后,在不同方位指向下可实现3 dB束宽较恒定的波束,减少了指向对波束特性的影响,方便于应用。     

Robust multiuser detection in non-Gaussian channels

In many wireless systems where multiuser detection techniques may be applied, the ambient channel noise is known through experimental measurements to be decidedly non-Gaussian, due largely to impulsive phenomena. The performance of many multiuser detectors can degrade substantially in the presence of such impulsive ambient noise. We develop robust multiuser detection techniques for combating multiple-access interference and impulsive noise in CDMA communication systems. These techniques are based on the M-estimation method for robust regression. Analytical and simulation results show that the proposed robust techniques offer significant performance gain over linear multiuser detectors in impulsive noise, with little attendant increase in computational complexity. We also develop a subspace-based technique for blind adaptive implementation of the robust multiuser detectors, which requires only the signature waveform and the timing of the desired user in order to demodulate that user's signal. The robust multiuser detection technique and its blind adaptive version can be applied to both synchronous and asynchronous CDMA channels     

一种新的CMA盲多用户检测算法

该文提出了一种新的盲自适应多用户检测算法,这种算法的计算复杂度为O(NL),其中N为扩频因子,L为取样数据窗长度。仿真分析表明,该文提出的算法稳态性能好,收敛速度特别快,且能适应环境的变化,是一种较好的多用户检测算法。     

Probabilistic algorithms for blind adaptive multiuser detection

Two probabilistic adaptive algorithms for jointly detecting active users in a DS-CDMA system are reported. The first one, which is based on the theory of hidden Markov models (HMMs) and the Baum-Welch (1070) algorithm, is proposed within the CDMA scenario and compared with the second one, which is a previously developed Viterbi-based algorithm. Both techniques are completely blind in the sense that no knowledge of the signatures, channel state information, or training sequences is required for any user. Once convergence has been achieved, an estimate of the signature of each user convolved with its physical channel response (CR) and estimated data sequences are provided. This CR estimate can be used to switch to any decision-directed (DD) adaptation scheme. Performance of the algorithms is verified via simulations as well as on experimental data obtained in an underwater acoustics (UWA) environment. In both cases, performance is found to be highly satisfactory, showing the near-far resistance of the analyzed algorithms     

Subspace blind adaptive detection for multiuser CDMA

Direct adaptive realizations of the linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) receiver for direct-sequence code-division multiple access possess the attractive feature of not requiring any explicit information of interference parameters such as timing, amplitudes, or spreading sequences; however, they need a training sequence for the desired user. Previously, a new blind adaptive receiver was proposed based on an anchored least mean-squared (LMS) algorithm that requires only the spreading code and symbol timing of the desired user but obviates the need for a training sequence. In this work, it is analytically demonstrated that the blind LMS algorithm always provides (nominally) faster convergence than the training driven LMS-MMSE receiver of but at the cost of increased tap-weight fluctuations or misadjustment. Second, the property that the optimal MMSE or minimum-output energy filter coefficients lies in the signal subspace is exploited to propose a new efficient blind adaptive receiver requiring fewer adaptive coefficients. Improved detector characteristics (superior convergence rates and steady-state signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios) is indicated by analysis and supported by simulation     

Asymptotic analysis of blind multiuser detection with blind channel estimation

The analytical performance of the subspace-based blind linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) multiuser detection algorithm in general multipath multi-antenna code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems is investigated. In blind multiuser detection, the linear MMSE detector of a given user is estimated from the received signals, based on the knowledge of only the spreading sequence of that user. Typically, the channel of that user must be estimated first, based on the orthogonality between the signal and noise subspaces. An asymptotic limit theorem for the estimate of the blind linear detector (when the received signal sample size is large) is obtained, based on which approximate expressions of the average output signal-to-inference plus noise ratios (SINRs) and bit error rates (BERs) for both binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quaternary phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulations are given. Corresponding results for group-blind multiuser detectors are also obtained. Examples are provided to demonstrate the excellent match between the theory developed in this paper and the simulation results.