Ursula Delworth (1934-2000).

Announces the death of Ursula Delworth, a former editor (1989-1994) of Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, who died on May 24, 2000, of cancer. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mark Philip Bryden: 1934-1996.

Reports that Mark Philip Bryden, PH.D., F.R.S.C., Professor of Psychology at the University of Waterloo, former editor of the Canadian Journal of Psychology (1980-1984), died suddenly of a heart attack in Montreal in August 1996, while attending the International Congress of Psychology. Phil's academic career will be remembered for his tireless efforts to explicate the implications of perceptual and perceptual-motor asymmetries in normal intact individuals for models of cerebral hemispheric functional specialization. What is noteworthy about his participation in this enterprise is that he was never one to eschew complexity nor one to espouse a too facile acceptance of the modal models of the day. Moreover, he had the utmost respect for data and an uncanny knack of devising experiments that could reveal the fragility of theory and of the means available to test it. Phil brought a rare clarity of thought, keen intellect, love of numbers, and honesty to all he did. But among those who knew him well, he will also be remembered for his personal interest in and nurturing of younger scientists. He will be sorely missed by the scientific community, and the many of us fortunate to have known him and to have worked closely with him. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Charles Adolphous Kiesler (1934-2002).

This obituary reviews the life and work of Charles (Chuck) Adolphous Kiesler (1934-2002). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Constance V. Kies (1934-1993)

A 14-year-old Arabian mare was admitted for lethargy, anorexia, and low fecal output. On the basis of laboratory, physical examination, and electrocardiographic findings, diagnoses of type-II renal tubular acidosis (RTA), impaction of the large colon, and ventricular tachycardia were made. Diagnosis of type-II RTA was based on measurement of a low fractional excretion value for potassium and fractional excretion value for sodium within the reference range. In contrast, horses with type-I RTA have high fractional excretion values for sodium and fractional excretion values for potassium within reference ranges. Treatment consisted of intravenous and oral administration of sodium bicarbonate, intravenous administration of fluids, and oral administration of mineral oil and docusate sodium. Acidosis improved, and ventricular tachycardia resolved with resolution of acidosis. Oral administration of bicarbonate was continued after discharge. The mare had several relapses, which were associated with anorexia and low intake of supplemental bicarbonate. The mare was found dead 2 months after discharge.     

Professor Matthew Stewart: asbestosis research 1929-1934

The chronic continuous infusion of cocaine produces partial behavioral tolerance to cocaine and tolerance to the inhibition of dopamine uptake by cocaine, without changing dopamine transporter binding. In order to examine more closely the dopaminergic contribution to this effect, the selective dopamine uptake inhibitor GBR 12,909 (30 mg/kg/day), cocaine (50 mg/kg/day), or vehicle, were continuously infused via osmotic minipump, and their effects on the dopamine transporter examined. Drug and vehicle pumps were implanted into male Sprague-Dawley rats and removed after seven days. [3H]WIN 35,428 binding and [3H]dopamine uptake were measured in caudate putamen and nucleus accumbens at varying intervals after pump removal. The Bmax for [3H]WIN 35,428 binding was decreased by approximately 75% in the caudate putamen and by 40% in the nucleus accumbens of GBR 12,909-treated rats both 1 and 4 days after pump removal, and was still significantly decreased after 10 days, but had returned to normal by 20 days post-treatment. In contrast, cocaine did not significantly alter [3H]WIN 35,428 binding. GBR 12,909 produced both tolerance to the inhibition of [3H]dopamine uptake by cocaine, and a decrease in total uptake of dopamine, in the caudate putamen, with no change in the nucleus accumbens. The persistent reduction of [3H]WIN 35,428 binding following continuous GBR 12,909 does not appear to result from residual drug binding. These findings suggest that GBR 12,909 and cocaine may bind to and regulate the dopamine transporter in different ways.     

Obituary: Ursula Marie Delworth (1934-2000).

Memorializes Ursula Marie Delworth, known for her work on outreach, community models of mental health and service delivery, and training and supervision. She coupled her research interests with a commitment to issues of justice and equality and to the advancement of unempowered and disenfranchised people. She advocated strongly for the promotion of women in academe, and as chair of a committee on the subject analyzed the climate for women in academe and developed significant concrete remedies that are still being implemented. She served as the third woman president of APA's Division 17 (Counseling Psychology). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Lorraine Bouthilet (1915-1984).

Lorraine Bouthilet, former managing editor of publications for the American Psychological Association (APA) and former managing editor of Behavioral Science, died on May 5, 1984, in Washington, DC. Bouthilet was born November 7, 1915, in St. Paul, Minnesota. Lorraine Bouthilet was a brilliant woman, very much committed to her chosen field of psychology and mental health. As an editor, information specialist, and administrator-scientist in psychology and mental health generally, she made important pioneering advances in scientific communication. Printed and electronic information in these fields flows more effectively today because of her work. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

David Merrill Clayson (1934-2001): Obituary.

Obituary for David Merrill Clayson (1934-2001). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Smoking among 11-15 year-old adolescents, 1984-1994]

The objectives are to describe smoking habits among 11-15-year olds in Denmark in the period 1984-1994 and to describe the association between smoking and social background factors. The article reports data about children at the age of 11, 13 and 15 years from four cross-sectional studies in 1984-1985, 1988, 1991 and 1994 (n = 678, 1667, 1860 and 4046) based on stratified random samples of schools. Data were collected by standardized questionnaires. Median age for first smoking experience changed from approx 12 years in 1984-1985 to approx. 14 years in 1994. The proportion of smokers among 15 year-olds is almost unchanged from 1984 to 1994. In 1994, the proportion of smokers is respectively 2% and 4% among 11 year-old girls and boys, 16% and 11% among 13 year-old girls and boys, and 33% and 25% among 15 year-old girls and boys. The proportion of girls and boys in the three age groups respectively who smoke every day is 0%, 1%, 3%, 4%, 17%, and 11%. In conclusion, smoking habits among children changed considerably from the 1950's to 1980's. The smoking habits have not changed much since the 1980's apart from a slight delay in first smoking-experience.     

Work-related road fatalities in Australia, 1982-1984

A study of work-related fatalities, based on coroners' records, has provided national data on work-related road fatalities. A total of 1,544 work-related fatalities were identified over 1982-1984. Of these, 600 (39%) resulted from injuries sustained in road vehicle accidents on public roads; 366 (24%) in the course of work, and 234 (15%) while commuting between home and work. These figures are likely to underestimate work-related road fatalities because the coroners' records often did not contain the required information. The incidence of road fatalities declined slightly over the three years, although the proportion amongst all work-related fatalities remained constant. The at-work victims tended to be older than victims of road death generally. Fifty-six percent of the at-work cases were in the occupational group "drivers, road transport". Articulated trucks accounted for 41% of the at-work cases. Drivers made up 79% of the at-work group. In contrast, drivers accounted for only 38% of all road deaths. Two-thirds of the at-work road fatalities occurred outside capital city districts, the proportion of nonmetropolitan cases being highest for deaths involving articulated trucks. This is striking, in view of Australia's highly urbanised population. Blood alcohol data were available for 76% of the at-work cases and 79% of the commuting fatalities. Of these, 15% and 13%, respectively, had a blood alcohol of 0.05 g/100mL or more. In contrast, 6% of other workplace fatalities for which blood alcohol data were available had such levels. This difference may reflect more assiduous blood-alcohol testing of road-accident victims.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Improved long-term prognosis after myocardial infarction 1984-1991

AIMS: We set out to examine whether long term prognosis in terms of 2-year mortality after myocardial infarction has improved after the introduction of intravenous beta-blockers, nitroglycerin infusion, aspirin and thrombolytics, in an unselected population of patients hospitalized with a myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated retrospectively 3791 acute myocardial infarctions in 3187 G?teborg women and men (1039 women and 2148 men), who were consecutively admitted to the coronary care unit at the Ostra hospital during 1984-1991. Throughout this period, data were entered continuously into the coronary care unit database. Mortality data were collected through the Swedish cause-specific mortality register. The primary end-point was mortality within 2 years after the onset of the index infarction. Two-year mortality decreased from 36% in 1984 to 25% in 1991. In a Cox regression model (including myocardial infarctions up to 1993) year of hospitalization, age, diabetes mellitus, sex, prior myocardial infarction and indeterminable infarct location all had a significant impact on survival after myocardial infarct. Thrombolytic therapy and hypertension had no prognostic significance. CONCLUSION: Against a background of radical changes in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction during 1984-1991 we have seen decreasing in-hospital mortality as well as a substantial decrease in 2-year mortality.     

Carlos Albizu-Miranda (1920-1984): Obituary.

Carlos Albizu-Miranda died in Houston, Texas on October 6, 1984, several weeks after heart surgery. Albizu-Miranda was one of the early and continuing leaders of Puerto Rican psychology, and his death was a significant loss to Puerto Rican and American psychology. Puerto Rican psychology, as well as all of psychology, was enriched by his work and life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Splenectomies for Hodgkin's disease--a study of the period 1984-1994

Explorative laparotomy with ensuing splenectomy in Hodgkin's disease is applied for the first time in the Stanford University in the late 60-ies. Opinions on the pros and cons of the method in terms of number of cases, complications and the like are largely dissenting. The analysis covers 153 patients with Hodgkin's disease subjected to splenectomy. Primary diagnosis is made on the ground of lymph node biopsy. Wide spreading of the disease, coincidence of diagnoses in different locations and complications are briefly discussed, with recommendations made concerning improvement of the organization of sample handling and correlation with the clinical findings.     

GB/T 231-1984金属布氏硬度测量方法标准探讨

通过对中厚板不同厚度处布氏硬度的测量,分析测量深度对硬度的影响,并通过金相分析进一步证实表面脱碳层的存在是造成硬度值不稳定的原因.     

Age incidence of meningococcal infection England and Wales, 1984-1991

Gene transfer with vectors derived from murine retroviruses is restricted to cells which are proliferating and synthesizing DNA at the time of infection. This suggests that retroviral-mediated gene transfer might permit targeting of gene integration into malignant cells in organs composed mainly of quiescent nonproliferating cells, such as in the brain. Accordingly, selective introduction of genes encoding for susceptibility to otherwise nontoxic drugs ("suicide" genes) into proliferating brain tumors may be used to treat this cancer. We investigated the efficacy and dynamics of in vivo transduction of growing brain tumors with the herpes simplex-thymidine kinase gene followed by administration of the antiviral drug ganciclovir. Ganciclovir is phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to toxic triphosphates that interfere with DNA synthesis, resulting in the preferential death of the transduced tumor cells. Rats inoculated with 4 x 10(4) 9L gliosarcoma cells into the frontal lobe were treated 7 days later with an intratumoral stereotaxic injection of murine fibroblasts (NIH 3T3 cells) that were producing a retroviral vector containing the herpes simplex-thymidine kinase gene. Controls received vector producer and nonproducer NIH 3T3 cell lines containing the Escherichia coli lacZ (beta-galactosidase) gene as well as nonproducer NIH 3T3 cells containing the thymidine kinase gene. The animals were rested for 7 days to allow time for in situ transduction of the proliferating tumor cells with the herpes-thymidine kinase retroviral vector. The animals were then treated with ganciclovir, 15 mg/kg i.p. twice a day for 14 days. Gliomas receiving an injection of 3-5 x 10(6) thymidine kinase producer cells regressed completely in 23 of 30 rats given ganciclovir therapy, while 25 of 26 control rats developed large tumors. Intratumoral injection of a lower concentration of thymidine kinase vector producer cells (1.8 x 10(6)) resulted in a lower frequency of tumor regression (5 of 13 rats). To estimate the efficiency of in vivo gene transfer, 9L brain tumors were given injections of 5 x 10(6) beta-galactosidase vector producer cells. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranaside staining revealed maximal staining of beta-galactosidase within the tumor 7-14 days after injection of the vector producer cells. In vivo transduction rates in harvested tumors ranged from 10 to 70%. There was no evidence of transduction of the surrounding normal neural tissue. Occasional blood vessel endothelial cells within or adjacent to the tumor were observed to be 5-bromo-4- chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranaside positive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Epidemiology of homicide in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, between 1966-1974 and 1984-1993

BACKGROUND: We compared homicide death rates and characteristics of homicide victims and perpetrators in 1966-1974, 1984-1990, 1992-1993, and 1996 in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, in an attempt to detect possible differences in the pattern of homicides. METHODS: Data were obtained from death certificates, coroner's records, police reports and newspapers. RESULTS: In the 1990s the homicide death rate increased for 15- to 24-year-old black men. The rate was 69 per 100,000/year for black men ages 15-24 years from 1966 to 1974 and rose to 275 per 100,000 from 1992 to 1993. Currently, the rates appear to be declining again. Preliminary data from 1996 showed the number of homicide deaths excluding vehicular homicides between 1993 and 1996 to decline from 19 to 8 for white men, from 70 to 42 for black men, from 9 to 3 for white women, and from 13 to 6 for black women with little change in the population (denominator). The dramatic drop from 111 to 61 deaths over a short time is similar to changes across the United State and is characteristic of epidemic rise and fall of homicides in the community. CONCLUSIONS: Between 1966 and 1993 Allegheny County experienced two separate homicide epidemics, one between 1966 and 1976 and the other between 1990 and 1993. Epidemics of homicide occur frequently and have different characteristics. New characteristics of the most recent epidemic of homicide include more homicides out of home, among strangers; less association with alcohol; and multiple perpetrators. Drug-use-associated homicides have also increased. Guns are the primary agents of homicide epidemics.