共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
用浸没式超滤膜深度回用污水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过中试试验,研究了ZeeWeed(R) 500d浸没式超滤膜的反洗条件对跨膜压差的影响,确定了最佳反洗时间及水量,考察了ZeeWeed(R) 500d浸没式超滤膜对浊度、有机物的去除效果. 相似文献
3.
当今社会,超滤作为一种新型膜分离技术,应用的领域十分广泛,而且也获得了良好的效果。本文首先介绍了超滤技术的原理、四大有机高分子膜材料和相转化制膜中常用的浸没沉淀法和溶剂蒸发法,然后简述了超滤膜的优点、四大领域的应用、三大污染物质及防治措施,并把超滤膜技术多年后的研究方向和未来前景总结出来。指出超滤膜具有在水处理净化、食品提纯和中药分离等方面的诸多优势,接下来在广泛总结颗粒物、有机物和微生物污染的基础上,通过针对性的污染类别,遴选出高效的处理措施,并且能够显著提升超滤膜的抗菌抗污染性能,从而为超滤膜发展和实践运用提供可能。文中提出:今后研究的重点将是制备高性能、低成本、绿色化的超滤膜,并与其他膜分离技术协同作用于生产生活。 相似文献
4.
《Desalination》2007,202(1-3):239-246
This study evaluates the factors affecting pretreatment conditions for hybrid UF membrane processes for reuse of secondary effluent from the sewage treatment plant. The experimental results obtained from the ultrafiltration (UF) membrane process showed that the particles of the size range between 0.2 and 1.2 μm caused a significant impact on membrane fouling in all cases even with or without the coagulation process. As pretreatment of UF membrane process, the coagulation significantly improved the permeate flux. Optimal flux improvement was seen at an alum dose of 50 mg/L. In addition, it was found that the permeate flux was least declined under the coagulation condition of charge neutralization (pH 5.0). Also, the powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption enhanced the permeate flux. Application of the direct filtration as a pretreatment of UF membrane process was also very effective in reducing the UF membrane fouling. 相似文献
5.
电渗析-超滤耦合技术(EDUF)是一项用于分离带电有机物的新型技术,用超滤膜替换一部分离子交换膜,或将超滤膜嵌入到传统电渗析器中,从而形成一种超滤与电渗析内部结合的新型分离技术。该技术一方面利用超滤膜的孔径差异性分离不同分子量的带电有机物,另一方面利用电驱动原理克服压力驱动式超滤膜的膜污染问题,在营养食品、生物制药等领域用于分离提纯活性有机物组分,展示出了良好的应用优势。本文聚焦于电渗析-超滤耦合技术的产生和发展,详细介绍了该技术的技术原理及应用优势,重点阐述了影响其分离效率的主要因素,包括pH、超滤膜切割分子量(MWCO)、电场强度、膜对结构等。最后,从提高分离效率、降低系统能耗、超滤膜材质、水解液预处理、系统泄漏等角度提出了未来的研究方向,为该技术的研究和应用提供指导。 相似文献
6.
《Desalination》2007,202(1-3):150-155
In the ultrafiltration (UF) of disperse dye solutions using ceramic membrane, backflushing is necessary to minimize the formation of fouling by disperse dye, and to enhance the permeate flux. In this work, the effects of backflushing on the ultrafiltration performance and decolorization were investigated. In the optimum backflushing condition, the permeate flux increased slightly and the filtration performance was stable during filtration process. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
The β-sulphatoethylsulphone dye, Remazol Orange 3R, was converted to its vinylsulphone form and then reacted with diethanolamine- O -disulphate (DES) to produce a new type of reactive dye carrying pendent amino-di(ethyl- O -sulphate) groups. Application of the latter dye to cotton, using the pad–dry–steam process in the presence of alkali, resulted in a good level of dye–fibre covalent fixation. It had been expected that the sulphate ester would react by nucleophilic substitution to give bifunctional covalent attachment of the dye to cotton. It was shown, however, that an intermediate dye containing an aziridine residue was produced, which under hot alkaline conditions was converted by β-elimination to the vinylsulphone dye, and it was in this form that reaction with cotton took place. 相似文献
11.
化妆品生产过程中产生大量的阴离子表面活性剂废水,具有有机物浓度高和易产生泡沫的特点,影响普通超滤膜生物反应器(UMBR)的处理效果和稳定运行。采用自制的电极超滤膜生物反应器(EMBR)处理阴离子表面活性剂废水,考察电流强度对EMBR污染物处理效果和活性污泥性质的影响,探索膜污染的机理。结果表明:与UMBR相比,在电场能的作用下,EMBR滤饼层的有机物含量较低,跨膜压差(TMP)降低50%左右,膜污染较轻。当电流强度为10 mA时,COD去除率和微生物活性最高,分别为97.92%和41.6 mg/(g TSS·h);滤饼层有机物含量最低,PN、PS和HA的浓度分别为5.6、8.02、0.85 mg/L。较低的电流强度即可促进微生物活性和污染物去除率的提高,有效控制膜污染。 相似文献
12.
化妆品生产过程中产生大量的阴离子表面活性剂废水,具有有机物浓度高和易产生泡沫的特点,影响普通超滤膜生物反应器(UMBR)的处理效果和稳定运行。采用自制的电极超滤膜生物反应器(EMBR)处理阴离子表面活性剂废水,考察电流强度对EMBR污染物处理效果和活性污泥性质的影响,探索膜污染的机理。结果表明:与UMBR相比,在电场能的作用下,EMBR滤饼层的有机物含量较低,跨膜压差(TMP)降低50%左右,膜污染较轻。当电流强度为10 mA时,COD去除率和微生物活性最高,分别为97.92%和41.6 mg/(g TSS·h);滤饼层有机物含量最低,PN、PS和HA的浓度分别为5.6、8.02、0.85 mg/L。较低的电流强度即可促进微生物活性和污染物去除率的提高,有效控制膜污染。 相似文献
13.
14.
Charged ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by photografting sodium styrene sulfonate onto photosensitive polyacrylonitrile membrane containing bromine atoms. The degree of the photografting was characterized by contact angles of air or n-octane in water and FTIR spectra for the negatively charged membrane. Permeations of dextran and dextransulfate through the negatively charged membranes were studied by ultrafiltration in the aqueous solutions of both solutes. With an increase of photoirradiation, the permeability of the solutes decreased. Also, an electrostatic repulsion of the solute and the membrane was confirmed by direct comparison between the permeability of the solutes, dextran, and dextransulfate, each having similar molecular size. 相似文献
15.
Charged membrane ultrafiltration of heavy metal salts: Application to metal recovery and water reuse
An experimental investigation is presented of the thin-channel ultrafiltration of 0.6 × 10?3 M to 15.0 × 10?3 M aqueous solutions of Cu2+, Ni2+, or Zn2+ sulfate or chloride salts through a negatively-charged, non-cellulosic membrane. Multi-salt solutions and the actual rinse water from a Watts-type-nickel-plating process are also ultrafiltered. The membrane provides a Ni2+ rejection of 0.83 and water flux of 1.0 × 103 cm/sec (23 gal/ft2 day) at a transmembrane pressure difference of 4.0 × 105 N/m2 (3.9 atm). The membrane rejection and water flux data are utilized in a computer simulation procedure for scale-up to a multi-module, two-staged process for the closed-loop operation of a plating plant. 相似文献
16.
17.
The electrochemical degradation of a commonly used textile dye, Reactive Green HE4BD, employing solar energy has been investigated. The influence of parameters such as electrolyte concentration, current density, pH and initial dye concentration were studied. Under optimal conditions, 99% decoloration and a significant reduction in chemical oxygen demand were observed after 5 h treatment. Evaluation of the process showed that degradation of the dye followed pseudo first-order kinetics. 相似文献
18.
阴离子交换纤维对活性染料废水的脱色研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用自制的聚丙烯基强碱阴离子交换纤维(IEF)处理活性染料模拟废水,讨论了IEF用量、介质pH值、温度等对活性艳黄X-RG溶液的脱色率和脱色速率的影响。对比了IEF与树脂、锰钾矿的脱色效果, 进行了动态脱色和再生实验。结果表明,IEF用量、pH值和温度的增加有利于脱色速率的提高,对活性艳黄和活性艳红染料的脱色率在96%以上,脱色40 mm即能达到高脱色率IEF对活性染料的脱色效果明显优于天然锰钾矿和D296强碱性阴离子交换树稽,IEF能够再生重复使用 相似文献
19.