Wearable Self-Powered Electrochemical Devices for Continuous Health Management

The wearable revolution is already present in society through numerous gadgets. However, the contest remains in fully deployable wearable (bio)chemical sensing. Its use is constrained by the energy consumption which is provided by miniaturized batteries, limiting the autonomy of the device. Hence, the combination of materials and engineering efforts to develop sustainable energy management is paramount in the next generation of wearable self-powered electrochemical devices (WeSPEDs). In this direction, this review highlights for the first time the incorporation of innovative energy harvesting technologies with top-notch wearable self-powered sensors and low-powered electrochemical sensors toward battery-free and self-sustainable devices for health and wellbeing management. First, current elements such as wearable designs, electrochemical sensors, energy harvesters and storage, and user interfaces that conform WeSPEDs are depicted. Importantly, the bottlenecks in the development of WeSPEDs from an analytical perspective, product side, and power needs are carefully addressed. Subsequently, energy harvesting opportunities to power wearable electrochemical sensors are discussed. Finally, key findings that will enable the next generation of wearable devices are proposed. Overall, this review aims to bring new strategies for an energy-balanced deployment of WeSPEDs for successful monitoring of (bio)chemical parameters of the body toward personalized, predictive, and importantly, preventive healthcare.     

新工科背景下以竞技模式开展工程实践课程

如何在新工科背景下培养复合型工程实践人才,是目前高等院校课程改革的热点课题。“机器人控制技术”课程以物联网工程专业学生的工程实践能力培养为研究目的,开展以竞技模式实施工程实践课程的探索,在实验平台软硬件集成开发、竞技规则设计以及评价体系打造等多方面做出有益的尝试。课程实施效果显示了,以竞技模式开展课程实践能有效激发学生的学习主动性,提高学生的工程实践能力。     

“新工科”理念下微电子实践教学改革探索

“新工科”体现学科交叉,注重培养学生的创新意识与综合能力,对实践教学体系提出了一系列新要求。微电子专业作为典型的“新工科”专业,实践教学的重要性尤为突出。本文针对我校微电子专业实践教学存在的问题,结合“新工科”创新理念要求,从实践教学体系、管理模式、考核评价制度,以及校企合作等方面提出了相应的改革措施,通过建立校企合作协同育人机制,促进产学研深度融合,构建基于学习产出的教学评价体系,推动“新工科”微电子专业人才培养多元化发展,为“新工科”背景下的微电子专业实践教学改革及人才培养提供有益参考。     

4D Corneal Tissue Engineering: Achieving Time‐Dependent Tissue Self‐Curvature through Localized Control of Cell Actuators

While tissue engineering is widely used to construct complex tridimensional biocompatible structures, researchers are now attempting to extend the technique into the fourth dimension. Such fourth dimension consists in the transformation of 3D materials over time, namely, by changing their shape, composition, and/or function when subjected to specific external stimuli. Herein, producing a 4D biomaterial with an internal mechanism of stimulus, using contractile cells as bio‐actuators to change tissue shape and structure, is explored. Specifically, producing cornea‐shaped, curved stromal tissue equivalents via the controlled, cell‐driven curving of collagen‐based hydrogels. This is achieved by modulating the activity of the bio‐actuators in delimited regions of the gels using a contraction‐inhibiting peptide amphiphile. The self‐curved constructs are then characterized in terms of cell and collagen fibril reorganization, gel stiffness, cell phenotype, and the ability to sustain the growth of a corneal epithelium in vitro. Overall, the results show that the structural and mechanical properties of self‐curved gels acquired through a 4D engineering method are more similar to those of the native tissue, and represent a significant improvement over planar 3D scaffolds. In this perspective, the study demonstrates the great potential of cell bio‐actuators for 4D tissue engineering applications.     

电气工程专业本科人才培养方案修订

本文介绍了我院电气工程专业本科人才培养方案修订的指导思想、培养目标、培养规格以及课程体系的改革。新的人才培养方案以提升学生能力和素质为导向,强调知识、能力和素质协调发展,合理定位本科人才培养目标,统筹优化课程体系,探索以“人的培养”为目标的教育教学模式,力求培养出能够适应和驾驭未来的电气工程人才。     

Molecular nanotechnology

Molecular nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field combining the sciences of molecular chemistry and physics with the engineering principles of mechanical design, structural analysis, computer science, electrical engineering, and systems engineering. Molecular manufacturing is a method conceived for the processing and rearrangement of atoms to fabricate custom products. It relies on the use of a large number of molecular robotic subsystems working in parallel and using commonly available chemicals. Built to atomic specification, the products would exhibit order-of-magnitude improvements in strength, toughness, speed, and efficiency, and be of high quality and low cost. This article provides an overview of molecular nanotechnology, reviews progress in the field since its origins, and outlines the implications of its eventual emergence as the dominant manufacturing technique of the 21st century     

Assembly of Molecular Building Blocks into Integrated Complex Functional Molecular Systems: Structuring Matter Made to Order

Function‐inspired design of molecular building blocks for their assembly into complex systems has been an objective in engineering nanostructures and materials modulation at nanoscale. This article summarizes recent research and inspiring progress in the design/synthesis of various custom‐made chiral, switchable, and highly responsive molecular building blocks for the construction of diverse covalent/noncovalent assemblies with tailored topologies, properties, and functions. Illustrating the judicious selection of building blocks, orthogonal functionalities, and innate physical/chemical properties that bring diversity and complex functions once reticulated into materials, special focus is given to their assembly into porous crystalline networks such as metal/covalent–organic frameworks (MOFs/COFs), surface‐mounted frameworks (SURMOFs), metal–organic cages/rings (MOCs), cross‐linked polymer gels, porous organic polymers (POPs), and related architectures that find diverse applications in life science and various other functional materials. Smart and stimuli‐responsive or dynamic building blocks, once embedded into materials, can be remotely modulated by external stimuli (light, electrons, chemicals, or mechanical forces) for controlling the structure and properties, thus being applicable for dynamic photochemical and mechanochemical control in constructing new forms of matter made to order. Then, an overview of current challenges, limitations, as well as future research directions and opportunities in this field, are discussed.     

建设基于电能应用与信息化发展的基础课程--刍议"电工学"课程改革

根据新型工业化和先进制造技术、电气工程学等的发展要求,分析了电工学的内涵和特点,构建了电工学的体系结构。通过对我国和美国典型《电工学》教材的对比分析,针对我国“电工学”教学体系结构和教材结构的主要问题和教学实际中存在的问题,明确了“电工学”课程改革的必要性,提出了电工学课程教学与教材改革工作应当符合先进制造技术的普及应用和电工技术的发展与应用实际,构建合理的电工学体系结构,以先进的现代教学理念和教学手段调整教学内容,整合教学资源。     

Tuning the Unidirectional Electron Transfer at Interfaces with Multilayered Redox‐active Supramolecular Bionanoassemblies

In this work, we present a new strategy to construct redox‐active molecular platforms to be used as molecular rectifiers with tunable and amplifiable electronic readout. The approach is based on using ligand‐receptor biological interactions to bioconjugate electroactive bio‐inorganic building blocks onto metal electrodes. The stability of the self‐assembled interfacial architecture is provided by multivalent macromolecular ligands that act as scaffolds for building‐up the multilayered structures. The ability of these electroactive supramolecular architectures to generate a unidirectional current flow and tune the corresponding electronic readout was demonstrated by mediating and rectifying the electron transfer between redox donors in solution and the Au electrode. The redox centers incorporated into the assembled architecture in a topologically controlled manner are responsible for tuning the amplification of the rectified electronic readout, thus behaving as a tunable bio‐supramolecular diode. Our experimental results obtained with these redox‐active bio‐supramolecular architectures illustrate the versatility of molecular recognition‐directed assembly in combination with hybrid bio‐inorganic building blocks to construct highly functional interfacial architectures.     

“英语+信息工程”双学位本科专业改革与实践

“英语+信息工程”双学位本科专业是面向新时代中国特色社会主义建设需要和新一代信息技术等国家战略性新兴产业发展需求，通过英语和信息工程两个专业交叉融合，培养有国际组织和标准化制定胜任力的信息领域复合型人才，服务国家重大战略和产业重大需求。 双学位专业建设和改革依托扎实的学科专业基础，“文科+工科”交叉培养优势显著，科学设置交叉融合的课程体系，加强教学管理和质量保障，毕业生可授予文学和工学双学士学位。     

基于新工科的多元协同人才培养评价层次分析模型

教育部新工科建设已经成为高校持续深化工程教育改革的风向标,旨在加快培养社会急需的卓越工程科技人才。文章阐述了基于新工科的多元协同工程人才培养评价内涵,从培养理念、培养机制、师资队伍和培养目标质量监控等方面,构建评价指标体系及层次结构模型,运用层次分析法设计指标权重和排序,对多元协同育人的工程人才培养新模式进行探索分析,为进一步深化工程教育改革提供一种量化分析方法,并进行了一致性效验,效验结果验证了模型结构及权重设置的正确性和有效性     

Tissue Regeneration through Cyber-Physical Systems and Microbots

Tissue engineering is a systematic approach of assembling cells onto a 3D scaffold to form a functional tissue in the presence of critical growth factors. The scaffolding system guides stem cells through topological, physiochemical, and mechanical cues to differentiate and integrate to form a functional tissue. However, cellular communication during tissue formation taking place in a reactor needs to be understood properly to enable appropriate positioning of the cells in a 3D environment. Hence, sensors and actuators integrated with cyber-physical system (CPS) may be able to sense the tissue microenvironment and direct cells/cellular aggregates to an appropriate position, respectively. This can facilitate better cell-to-cell communication and cell–extracellular matrix communication for proper tissue morphogenesis. Advancements are made in the field of smart scaffolds that can morph cells/cellular aggregates after sensing the cellular microenvironment in a desired 3D architecture by providing appropriate cues. Recent scientific developments in the additive manufacturing technology have enabled the fabrication of smart scaffolds to create structural and functional tissue constructs. Sensors/actuators, cyber-systems, smart materials, and additive manufacturing put together is expected to lead to improved tissue-engineered medical products. The present review aims to highlight the possibilities of advancement of BioCPS for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.     

Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Neuroengineering: Recent Advances and Future Prospective

Graphene unique physicochemical properties made it prominent among other allotropic forms of carbon, in many areas of research and technological applications. Interestingly, in recent years, many studies exploited the use of graphene family nanomaterials (GNMs) for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, diagnostics, bioimaging, and tissue engineering research. GNMs are successfully used for the design of scaffolds for controlled induction of cell differentiation and tissue regeneration. Critically, it is important to identify the more appropriate nano/bio material interface sustaining cells differentiation and tissue regeneration enhancement. Specifically, this review is focussed on graphene-based scaffolds that endow physiochemical and biological properties suitable for a specific tissue, the nervous system, that links tightly morphological and electrical properties. Different strategies are reviewed to exploit GNMs for neuronal engineering and regeneration, material toxicity, and biocompatibility. Specifically, the potentiality for neuronal stem cells differentiation and subsequent neuronal network growth as well as the impact of electrical stimulation through GNM on cells is presented. The use of field effect transistor (FET) based on graphene for neuronal regeneration is described. This review concludes the important aspects to be controlled to make graphene a promising candidate for further advanced application in neuronal tissue engineering and biomedical use.     

Assembling Living Building Blocks to Engineer Complex Tissues

The great demand for tissue and organ grafts, compounded by an aging demographic and a shortage of available donors, has driven the development of bioengineering approaches that can generate biomimetic tissues in vitro. Despite the considerable progress in conventional scaffold‐based tissue engineering, the recreation of physiological complexity has remained a challenge. Bottom‐up tissue engineering strategies have opened up a new avenue for the modular assembly of living building blocks into customized tissue architectures. This Progress Report overviews the recent progress and trends in the fabrication and assembly of living building blocks, with a key highlight on emerging bioprinting technologies that can be used for modular assembly and complexity in tissue engineering. By summarizing the work to date, providing new classifications of different living building blocks, highlighting state‐of‐the‐art research and trends, and offering personal perspectives on future opportunities, this Progress Report aims to aid and inspire other researchers working in the field of modular tissue engineering.     

基于毫米波雷达的数字信号处理综合实验

本文以毫米波雷达和DSP开发板为主要器件设计了基于雷达的手势感应控制综合实验案例,采用工程实践和生活生产中的实际器件取代专用器材,覆盖信号的产生、采集、处理和使用等各个环节,增强运用数字信号处理分析解决实际问题的能力。探索了以工程项目的方式组织综合实验的模式,实现了课堂教学与工程实践的有机结合。     

Reality Check for Nanomaterial‐Mediated Therapy with 3D Biomimetic Culture Systems

The recent progresses in tissue engineering and nanomaterial‐based therapeutics/theranostics have led to the ever increasing utilization of 3D in vitro experimental models as the bona fide culture systems to evaluate the therapeutic/theranostic effects of nanomedicine. Compared to the use of conventional 2D culture platforms, 3D biomimetic cultures offer unmatched advantages as relevant physiological and pathological elements can be incorporated to allow better characterization of the engineered bio‐nanomaterials in the targeted tissue‐specific microenvironment. In this Feature Article, the current state‐of‐the‐art 3D in vitro models that have been developed for the evaluation of biosafety and efficacy of nano‐ therapeutics/theranostics targeting the colon, blood–brain barrier (BBB), lungs, skin tumor models to bridge the nanomedicine bench to pre‐clinical ravine are reviewed. Furthermore, the critical physicochemical parameters of the bio‐nanomaterials that govern its transport and biodistribution in a complex 3D microenvironment will be highlighted. The major challenges and future prospects of evaluating nanomedicine in the third dimension will also be discussed.     

净化工程的现场施工管理

通过对净化工程的系统认识,结合工程实际操作经验,提出洁净室施工管理的三个阶段及各个阶段的管理措施。     

Molecular visualization: a microcosm of the e-revolution

Molecular visualization software programs display a 3D arrangement of molecules in an interactive format, allowing researchers to examine known molecules as well as theoretical molecules in drug development. In the last two decades, biochemistry has shifted its emphasis from bonds and connectivity to surfaces and interactions. Molecular visualization, at the intersection of computer graphics and chemistry, accelerated this transition with interactive displays of 3D molecular models on personal computers. The free access to both molecular databases and visualization programs has enhanced our understanding of basic biological concepts. Molecular visualization also encompasses a thriving Internet community that is constantly honing and dynamically revising software implementations in response to user feedback. There's no question that computer technology has revolutionized biomedical fields such as biochemistry, genetic engineering, and molecular biology. We can now study critical biomolecules in their folded form rather than as a string of amino acids.     

电子信息工程发展现状及保障措施

时代在不断往前发展,社会也在不断推进,人们已进入了电子信息时代,而电子信息工程对我国的国民经济发展有着不可磨灭的作用,这足以可看出其在社会中占据着非常重要的地位.但因如今随科技的快速发展,也使得给电子信息工程带来了巨大的挑战.本文从我国电子信息工程发展现状入手,着力分析了电子信息工程在发展过程中所遇到的问题,并相对应的提出了有效的应对举措,望以供参考.     

Charge‐Tunable Autoclaved Silk‐Tropoelastin Protein Alloys That Control Neuron Cell Responses

Tunable protein composites are important for constructing extracellular matrix mimics of human nerve tissues with control of charge, structural, and mechanical properties. Molecular interaction mechanisms between silk fibroin protein and recombinant human tropoelastin, based on charge, are utilized to generate a new group of multifunctional protein alloys with different net charges. These new biomaterials are then utilized as a biomaterial platform to control neuron cell response. With a +38 net charge in water, tropoelastin molecules provide extraordinary elasticity and selective interactions with cell surface integrins. In contrast, negatively charged silk fibroin protein (net charge ?36) provides remarkable toughness and stiffness with morphologic stability in material formats via autoclaving‐induced beta‐sheet crystal physical crosslinks. The combination of these properties in alloy format extends the versatility of both structural proteins, providing a new biocompatible, biodegradable, and charge‐tunable biomaterial platform for neural repair. The data point to these protein alloys as an alternative to commonly used charged synthetic polymers, particularly with regard to the versatility of material formats (e.g., gels, sponges, films, fibers). The results also provide a practical example of physically designed protein materials with control of net charge to direct biological outcomes, in this case for neuronal tissue engineering.