共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ya Li Zhijie Qi Jingxuan Yang Mingxing Zhou Xin Zhang Wei Ling Yingying Zhang Ziyue Wu Hanjie Wang Baoan Ning Hang Xu Wenxing Huo Xian Huang 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(44)
Permanent magnets are essential components for many biomedical systems and electromechanical devices, which may be made into flexible formats to achieve wearable monitoring and effective integration with biological tissues. However, the development of high‐performance flexible permanent magnets is challenging due to their ultrathin geometries, which contradict with the thickness‐dependent magnetic properties. In addition, magnetic membranes with controllable sequences of polarities are difficult to achieve. Here, origami techniques to achieve flexible permanent magnetic membranes with enhanced magnetic field strength and programmable sequences of polarities are presented. Linear Halbach arrays, circular Halbach arrays, and concentric magnets with thicknesses ranging from 130 to 500 µm and bending curvatures ranging from 0.039 to 0.0043 µm?1 are achieved through different folding mechanisms. The origami membranes offer a maximum field intensity of 72 mT and extremely strong magnetic force of 0.21 N cm?2, allowing various novel applications demonstrated through electronics interfacing, cell manipulations, and soft robotics. The origami techniques offer large magnetism and complex spatial field distribution, and enable practical use of thin flexible magnetic membranes in constructing miniaturized or even flexible electromechanical systems and biomedical instruments for magnetic resonance imaging, targeted drug delivery, health monitoring, and cancer therapy. 相似文献
2.
Trevor L. Buckner Michelle C. Yuen Sang Yup Kim Rebecca Kramer‐Bottiglio 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(50)
A novel phase‐changing particulate that amplifies a composite's modulus change in response to thermal stimulus is introduced. This particulate additive consists of a low melting point alloy (Field's metal; FM) formed into microparticles using a facile fabrication method, which enables its incorporation into polymer matrices using simple composite manufacturing processes. The effect of the solid–liquid phase change of the FM particles is demonstrated in two host materials: a thermally responsive epoxy and a silicone elastomer. In the epoxy matrix, this thermal response manifests as an amplified change in flexural modulus when heated, which is highly desirable for stiffness‐changing move‐and‐hold applications. In the silicone matrix, the stretchability can be switched depending on the phase of the FM particles. This phenomenon allows the silicone to stretch and hold a strained configuration, and gives rise to mechanically programmable anisotropy through reshaping of the FM inclusions. FM particles present many opportunities where on‐demand tunable modulus is required, and is particularly relevant to soft robotics. Because the melting temperature of FM is near room temperature, triggering the phase change requires low power consumption. The utility of FM particle‐containing composites as variable stiffness and variable stretchability elements for soft robotic applications is demonstrated. 相似文献
3.
Xingrui Wang Shane K. Mitchell Ellen H. Rumley Philipp Rothemund Christoph Keplinger 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(7)
Soft robots are intrinsically safe for use near humans and adaptable when operated in unstructured environments, thereby offering capabilities beyond traditional robots based on rigid components. Soft actuators are key components of soft robots; recently developed hydraulically amplified self‐healing electrostatic (HASEL) actuators provide a versatile framework to create high‐speed actuators with excellent all‐around performance. Peano‐HASEL actuators linearly contract upon application of voltage, closely mimicking the behavior of muscle. Peano‐HASEL actuators, however, produce a maximum strain of ≈15%, while skeletal muscles achieve ≈20% on average. Here, a new type of HASEL is introduced, termed high‐strain Peano‐HASEL (HS‐Peano‐HASEL) actuator, that achieves linear contraction up to ≈24%. A wide range of performance metrics are investigated, and the maximum strain of multiunit HS‐Peano‐HASEL actuators is optimized by varying materials and geometry. Furthermore, an artificial circular muscle (ACM) based on the HS‐Peano‐HASEL acts as a tubular pump, resembling the primordial heart of an ascidian. Additionally, a strain‐amplifying pulley system is introduced to increase the maximum strain of an HS‐Peano‐HASEL to 42%. The muscle‐like maximum actuation strain and excellent demonstrated all‐around performance of HS‐Peano‐HASEL actuators make them promising candidates for use in artificial organs, life‐like robotic faces, and a variety of other robotic systems. 相似文献
4.
Shuguang Li Daniel M. Vogt Nicholas W. Bartlett Daniela Rus Robert J. Wood 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(30)
Pistons are ubiquitous devices used for fluid‐mechanical energy conversion. However, despite this ubiquity and centuries of development, the forces and motions produced by conventional rigid pistons are limited by their design. The use of flexible materials and structures opens a door to the design of a piston with unconventional features. In this study, an architecture for pistons that utilizes a combination of flexible membrane materials and compressible rigid structures is proposed. In contrast to conventional pistons, the fluid‐pressure‐induced tension forces in the flexible membrane play a primary role in the system, rather than compressive forces on the internal surfaces of the piston. The compressive skeletal structures offer the opportunity for the production of tunable forces and motions in the “tension piston” system. The experimental results indicate that the tension piston concept is able to produce substantially greater force (more than three times), higher power, and higher energy efficiency (more than 40% improvement at low pressures) compared to a conventional piston, and these features enable myriad potential applications for the tension piston as a drop‐in replacement for existing pistons. 相似文献
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Yuan‐Fang Zhang Ningbin Zhang Hardik Hingorani Ningyuan Ding Dong Wang Chao Yuan Biao Zhang Guoying Gu Qi Ge 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(15)
Soft robots have the appealing advantages of being highly flexible and adaptive to complex environments. However, the low‐stiffness nature of the constituent materials makes soft robotic systems incompetent in tasks requiring relatively high load capacity. Despite recent attempts to develop stiffness‐tunable soft actuators by employing variable stiffness materials and structures, the reported stiffness‐tunable actuators generally suffer from limitations including slow responses, small deformations, and difficulties in fabrication with microfeatures. This work presents a paradigm to design and manufacture fast‐response, stiffness‐tunable (FRST) soft actuators via hybrid multimaterial 3D printing. The integration of a shape memory polymer layer into the fully printed actuator body enhances its stiffness by up to 120 times without sacrificing flexibility and adaptivity. The printed Joule‐heating circuit and fluidic cooling microchannel enable fast heating and cooling rates and allow the FRST actuator to complete a softening–stiffening cycle within 32 s. Numerical simulations are used to optimize the load capacity and thermal rates. The high load capacity and shape adaptivity of the FRST actuator are finally demonstrated by a robotic gripper with three FRST actuators that can grasp and lift objects with arbitrary shapes and various weights spanning from less than 10 g to up to 1.5 kg. 相似文献
8.
Zachary Yoder Daniela Macari Gavriel Kleinwaks Ingemar Schmidt Eric Acome Christoph Keplinger 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(3):2209080
Soft robotic grippers achieve increased versatility and reduced complexity through intelligence embodied in their flexible and conformal structures. The most widely used soft grippers are pneumatically driven; they are simple and effective but require bulky air compressors that limit their application space and external sensors or computationally expensive vision systems for pick verification. In this study, a multi-material architecture for self-sensing electrohydraulic bending actuators is presented that enables a new class of highly versatile and reconfigurable soft grippers that are electrically driven and feature capacitive pick verification and object size detection. These electrohydraulic grippers are fast (step input results in finger closure in 50 ms), draw low power (6.5 mW per finger to hold grasp), and can pick a wide variety of objects with simple binary electrical control. Integrated high-voltage driving electronics are presented that greatly increase the application space of the grippers and make them readily compatible with commercially available robotic arms. 相似文献
9.
殷曾琳;王曦维;车津晶;刘楠;张慧;王增明;李见春;郑爱萍 《电波科学学报》2024,59(10):2741-2750
DNA折纸术是一种产生具有动态特性和智能可控纳米结构的强大技术。精确的几何形状、高度可编程性及优异的生物相容性使得DNA折纸纳米结构成为一种新兴的药物递送载体。载体材料的形状、大小及药物的负载和释放是影响药物生物利用度的重要因素。本文着重介绍了可控设计DNA折纸纳米结构、高效负载药物及智能释放药物, 归纳总结了DNA折纸技术在生物医学中的前沿应用, 最后讨论了研究人员可以在哪些方面为进一步推进DNA折纸载体的临床应用作出贡献。 相似文献
10.
Yuchong Zhang Xiaoxia Le Yukun Jian Wei Lu Jiawei Zhang Tao Chen 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(46)
Current fluorescence‐based anti‐counterfeiting strategies primarily encode information onto single 2D planes and underutilize the possibility of encrypting data inside 3D structures to achieve multistage data security. Herein, a fluorescent‐hydrogel‐based 3D anti‐counterfeiting platform is demonstrated, which extends data encryption capability from single 2D planes to complex 3D hydrogel origami geometries. The materials are based on perylene‐tetracarboxylic‐acid‐functionalized gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels, which simultaneously show Fe3+‐responsive fluorescence quenching, borax‐triggered shape memory, and self‐healing properties. By employing an origami technique, various complex 3D hydrogel geometries are facilely fabricated. On the basis of these results, a 3D anti‐counterfeiting platform is demonstrated, in which the data printed by using Fe3+ as the ink are safely protected inside complex 3D hydrogel origami structures. In this way, the encrypted data cannot be read until after specially predesigned procedures (both the shape recovery and UV light illumination actions), indicating higher‐level information security than the traditional 2D counterparts. This facile and general strategy opens up the possibility of utilizing 3D fluorescent hydrogel origami for data information encryption and protection. 相似文献
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ZHANG Jingli;LIU Danyu;YU Yajing;WEI Qufu;LÜ Pengfei 《液晶与显示》2024,39(12):1722-1734
Liquid crystal elastomer （LCE） smart materials have been widely studied from basic science to technical application due to their features such as reversibility, flexibility, superior environmental adaptation and versatility. In this paper, we mainly review the design and preparation of LCE films and fiber soft actuators in recent years, and the latest research progress in artificial muscles, soft robots and smart textiles. The basic design and synthesis strategy of LCE fiber composite soft actuators are revealed. Their unique properties, underlying mechanism and potential applications are described. Finally, a brief conclusion is summarized and the opportunities and challenges in materials and chemistry science based on LCE soft actuators are summarized. This paper will provide new insights for the development of LCE intelligent materials in the fields of soft robotics, flexible electronics, advanced energy and smart wearables, and promote the rapid development of interdisciplinary disciplines such as nanoscience, synthetic chemistry, materials science and device integration. 相似文献
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Ramses V. Martinez Carina R. Fish Xin Chen George M. Whitesides 《Advanced functional materials》2012,22(7):1376-1384
The development of soft pneumatic actuators based on composites consisting of elastomers with embedded sheet or fiber structures (e.g., paper or fabric) that are flexible but not extensible is described. On pneumatic inflation, these actuators move anisotropically, based on the motions accessible by their composite structures. They are inexpensive, simple to fabricate, light in weight, and easy to actuate. This class of structure is versatile: the same principles of design lead to actuators that respond to pressurization with a wide range of motions (bending, extension, contraction, twisting, and others). Paper, when used to introduce anisotropy into elastomers, can be readily folded into 3D structures following the principles of origami; these folded structures increase the stiffness and anisotropy of the elastomeric actuators, while being light in weight. These soft actuators can manipulate objects with moderate performance; for example, they can lift loads up to 120 times their weight. They can also be combined with other components, for example, electrical components, to increase their functionality. 相似文献
13.
Stephen A. Morin Sen Wai Kwok Joshua Lessing Jason Ting Robert F. Shepherd Adam A. Stokes George M. Whitesides 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(35):5541-5549
This paper describes the fabrication of 3D soft, inflatable structures from thin, 2D tiles fabricated from elastomeric polymers. The tiles are connected using soft joints that increase the surface area available for gluing them together, and mechanically reinforce the structures to withstand the tensile forces associated with pneumatic actuation. The ability of the elastomeric polymer to withstand large deformations without failure makes it possible to explore and implement new joint designs, for example “double‐taper dovetail joints,” that cannot be used with hard materials. This approach simplifies the fabrication of soft structures comprising materials with different physical properties (e.g., stiffness, electrical conductivity, optical transparency), and provides the methods required to “program” the response of these structures to mechanical (e.g., pneumatic pressurization) and other physical (e.g., electrical) stimuli. The flexibility and modularity of this approach is demonstrated in a set of soft structures that expanded or buckled into distinct, predictable shapes when inflated or deflated. These structures combine easily to form extended systems with motions dependent on the configurations of the selected components, and, when fabricated with electrically conductive tiles, electronic circuits with pneumatically active elements. This approach to the fabrication of hollow, 3D structures provides routes to new soft actuators. 相似文献
14.
Weilei Mu Mengjiao Li Erdong Chen Yiduo Yang Jie Yin Xiaoming Tao Guijie Liu Rong Yin 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(35):2300516
Soft robots typically exhibit limited agility due to inherent properties of soft materials. The structural design of soft robots is one of the key elements to improve their mobility. Inspired by the Archimedean spiral geometry in nature, here, a fast-moving spiral-shaped soft robot made of a piezoelectric composite with an amorphous piezoelectric vinylidene fluoride film and a layer of copper tape is presented. The soft robot demonstrates a forward locomotion speed of 76 body length per second under the first-order resonance frequency and a backward locomotion speed of 11.26 body length per second at the third-order resonance frequency. Moreover, the multitasking capabilities of the soft robot in slope climbing, step jumping, load carrying, and steering are demonstrated. The soft robot can escape from a relatively confined space without external control and human intervention. An untethered robot with a battery and a flexible circuit (a payload of 1.665 g and a total weight of 1.815 g) can move at an absolute speed of 20 mm s−1 (1 body length per second). This study opens a new generic design paradigm for next-generation fast-moving soft robots that are applicable for multifunctionality at small scales. 相似文献
15.
Hen‐Wei Huang Tian‐Yun Huang Michalis Charilaou Sean Lyttle Qi Zhang Salvador Pané Bradley J. Nelson 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(36)
Recent advances in magnetic nanocomposites have enabled untethered micromachines with controllable shape transformations and programmable magnetic anisotropy, paving the way for a variety of biomedical applications using soft microrobots. Magnetic anisotropy is programmed by assembling the embedded magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in polymeric materials to overcome the shape anisotropy of a given structure. However, this approach is questionably effective in reconfigurable structures, as shape changes naturally result in rearrangement of the embedded MNPs. A naturally occurring solution to this problem is found in magnetotactic bacteria, which build chains of MNPs in a linear‐chain formation in their cells to create a permanent magnetic dipole moment. This dipole moment enables them to actively sense magnetic fields and coordinate their movement in response, a behavior called magnetotaxis. Inspired by this, self‐folding micro‐origami swimmers comprising magnetic nanocomposite bilayer structures that exhibit controllable shape transformations and programmable, shape‐independent magnetotaxis is fabricated. A study of these structures reveals that their magnetic anisotropy results from competition or cooperation between anisotropy of assembled chains of MNPs and overall shape anisotropy. Moreover, how the magnetotaxis of the reconfigurable micro‐origami swimmers depends only on the embedded permanent dipole moment, independent of the overall magnetic anisotropy, is demonstrated. 相似文献
16.
Soft Robotics: Pneumatic Networks for Soft Robotics that Actuate Rapidly (Adv. Funct. Mater. 15/2014) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Bobak Mosadegh Panagiotis Polygerinos Christoph Keplinger Sophia Wennstedt Robert F. Shepherd Unmukt Gupta Jongmin Shim Katia Bertoldi Conor J. Walsh George M. Whitesides 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(15):2109-2109
17.
Pengcheng Li Yuzhe Wang Ujjaval Gupta Jun Liu Lei Zhang Donghe Du Choon Chiang Foo Jianyong Ouyang Jian Zhu 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(37)
Transparency is a surprisingly effective method to achieve camouflage and has been widely adapted by natural animals. However, it is challenging to replicate in synthetic systems. Herein, a transparent soft robot is developed, which can achieve effective camouflage. Specifically, this robot is driven by transparent dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). Transparent and stretchable conductive polymers, based on blends of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and water‐borne polyurethane (WPU), are employed as compliant solid‐state electrodes in the DEAs. The electrode exhibits large stretchability, low stiffness, excellent conductivity at large strain, and high transmittance. Consequently, the DEA can achieve a large voltage‐induced area strain of 200% and a high transmittance of 85.5%. Driven by these soft actuators, the robot can realize translations using its asymmetric vibration mode, which can be explained by dynamics analysis and is consistent with finite element modeling. This soft robot can achieve effective camouflage, due to its high transparency as well as thin structure. Furthermore, the robot can become completely flat for even better camouflage by converting its 3D structure to 2D. The transparent soft robot is potentially useful in many applications such as robots for battlefield, reconnaissance, and security surveillance, where effective camouflage is required in dynamic and/or unstructured environments. 相似文献
18.
Sen W. Kwok Stephen A. Morin Bobak Mosadegh Ju‐Hee So Robert F. Shepherd Ramses V. Martinez Barbara Smith Felice C. Simeone Adam A. Stokes George M. Whitesides 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(15):2180-2187
This paper describes the modular magnetic assembly of reconfigurable, pneumatically actuated robots composed of soft and hard components and materials. The soft components of these hybrid robots are actuators fabricated from silicone elastomers using soft lithography, and the hard components are acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) structures made using 3D printing. Neodymium–iron–boron (NdFeB) ring magnets are embedded in these components to make and maintain the connections between components. The reversibility of these magnetic connections allows the rapid reconfiguration of these robots using components made of different materials (soft and hard) that also have different sizes, structures, and functions; in addition, it accelerates the testing of new designs, the exploration of new capabilities, and the repair or replacement of damaged parts. This method of assembling soft actuators to build soft machines addresses some limitations associated with using soft lithography for the direct molding of complex 3D pneumatic networks. Combining the self‐aligning property of magnets with pneumatic control makes it possible for a teleoperator to modify the structures and capabilities of these robots readily in response to the requirements of different tasks. 相似文献
19.
Bobak Mosadegh Panagiotis Polygerinos Christoph Keplinger Sophia Wennstedt Robert F. Shepherd Unmukt Gupta Jongmin Shim Katia Bertoldi Conor J. Walsh George M. Whitesides 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(15):2163-2170
Soft robots actuated by inflation of a pneumatic network (a “pneu‐net”) of small channels in elastomeric materials are appealing for producing sophisticated motions with simple controls. Although current designs of pneu‐nets achieve motion with large amplitudes, they do so relatively slowly (over seconds). This paper describes a new design for pneu‐nets that reduces the amount of gas needed for inflation of the pneu‐net, and thus increases its speed of actuation. A simple actuator can bend from a linear to a quasi‐circular shape in 50 ms when pressurized at ΔP = 345 kPa. At high rates of pressurization, the path along which the actuator bends depends on this rate. When inflated fully, the chambers of this new design experience only one‐tenth the change in volume of that required for the previous design. This small change in volume requires comparably low levels of strain in the material at maximum amplitudes of actuation, and commensurately low rates of fatigue and failure. This actuator can operate over a million cycles without significant degradation of performance. This design for soft robotic actuators combines high rates of actuation with high reliability of the actuator, and opens new areas of application for them. 相似文献
20.
Jiaming Lou Zenghe Liu Lei Yang Yifan Guo Dong Lei Zhengwei You 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(11):2008328
Actuators have shown great promise in many fields including soft robotics. Since reconfiguration allows actuators to change their actuation mode, it is considered a key characteristic for new-generation adaptive actuators. However, it remains a challenge to design simple and universal methods to fabricate actuators that can be reconfigured to allow diverse actuation modes. Here, a macroscopically discretionary healing-assembly strategy to fabricate reconfigurable soft actuators based on intrinsic self-healing poly(dimethylglyoxime-urethane) (PDOU) elastomers is developed. The PDOU elastomers with different degrees of crosslinking show different responsiveness to solvents, and are seamlessly healed. Crosslinked and non-crosslinked PDOU elastomers as building units are healing-assembled into actuators/robots with diverse actuation behaviors. Notably, the assembled actuators/robots are readily reprogrammed to exhibit multiple actuation modes by simply tailoring and reassembling without any external stimuli. This work paves a new, simple, powerful, and universal method to construct sophisticated soft robots. 相似文献