多人声混叠语音信号的盲源分离算法研究

介绍了一种基于峭度的盲源分离算法,利用峭度极大来度量极大化非高斯性,通过渐进正交化的不动点迭代找到独立成分,并对带噪多人声混叠语音信号进行分离仿真,从而提取出感兴趣的目标语音,验证了该算法的可行性;通过与其他盲源分离算法的分离结果进行定性和定量的对比分析,验证该算法的有效性和应用前景.     

基于偏度和时序结构的声音信号盲抽取算法研究

信号盲抽取是盲信号处理领域的热点研究方向,它仅抽取感兴趣的信号,能有效减小运算量,解决盲分离中信号顺序不确定性的难题,因而在生物医学信号分析（如EEG、MEG、fMRI等）、语音和图像识别领域得到广泛应用。针对传统的基于时序结构的盲抽取算法存在较弱的抗噪性和对时延估计误差比较敏感的不足,论文提出了将偏度和时序结构相结合的信号盲抽取算法。该算法首先利用偏度的非对称性来度量分离信号的非高斯性,以减弱噪声,同时减小了传统的利用峭度度量非高斯性方法的运算量;其次利用基音周期作为声音信号的最佳时延估计,以实现对感兴趣信号的盲抽取,将两者结合后使得算法对时延估计误差不敏感,且对噪声更具鲁棒性。仿真实验部分选取了标准TIMIT语料库中一男、两女分别单独朗读同一语句的语音信号,盲抽取的实验结果表明:本文算法与文献3中算法相比具有较好的分离效果且抽取速度快,与文献4中算法相比分离效果相当但大大地提高了抽取速度,从而验证了本文算法的有效性。      

A Class of Sequential Blind Source Separation Method in Order Using Swarm Optimization Algorithm

We consider the problem of sequential, blind source separation in some specific order from a mixture of sub- and sup-Gaussian sources. Three methods of separation are developed, specifically, kurtosis maximization using (a) particle swarm optimization, (b) differential evolution, and (c) artificial bee colony algorithm, all of which produce the separation in decreasing order of the absolute kurtosis based on the maximization of the kurtosis cost function. The validity of the methods was confirmed through simulation. Moreover, compared with other conventional methods, the proposed method separated the various sources with greater accuracy. Finally, we performed a real-world experiment to separate electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from a super-determined mixture with Gaussian noise. Whereas the conventional methods separate simultaneously EEG signals of interest along with noise, the result of this example shows the proposed methods recover from the outset solely those EEG signals of interest. This feature will be of benefit in many practical applications.     

引入参考信号的新峭度快速不动点算法

在盲源分离和独立成分分析中,峭度是衡量随机信号非高斯性的常用对比准则,通过不同类型的算法对其进行优化,找到非高斯性极大值点,即实现了源信号的提取或分离。例如,基于峭度的快速不动点算法,它是一种收敛速度很快的算法。最近,Marc Castella等人提出了一类基于所谓“参考信号”的对比准则,以及对应的梯度最大化优化算法,这些算法具有很好的收敛性能。受其启发,文章以一种类似的方式将“参考信号”思想应用到峭度中,得到一种新颖的对比函数,并基于该新峭度对比函数,提出了一种新的快速不动点算法。与经典的基于峭度的快速不动点算法相比,该算法极大地提高了收敛速度,尤其是随着信号样值点数的增加,该算法的优势会更加明显。文章分析和证明了该新峭度对比函数的局部收敛性,给出了新算法的详细推导过程,仿真实验验证了该算法的性能,并与经典算法进行了比较分析。      

基于峭度的盲分离在通信信号盲侦察中的应用

为实现复杂多信号环境下的通信信号侦察,采用一种新的盲侦察技术,即运用盲源分离算法,在没有任何先验知识的情况下分离出源信号,然后对分离的各个信号进行后续处理。提出一种改进的基于峭度的盲分离算法,可以自适应地确定激活函数。将其应用在通信信号盲侦察中,可以实现对任意源信号进行盲分离,而不管它是超高斯还是亚高斯信号。选择超高斯和亚高斯混合通信信号进行了仿真实验,结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于峰度自然对数最大化的信号盲分拣算法和盲波束形成

该文基于峰度自然对数最大化准则,提出了一种自适应一元信号盲分拣算法,提出的算法可以用于一元信号盲分离和进行盲波束形成,与基于峰度值最大化准则的KMA算法相比,收敛速度快,有较强的稳健性,将非线性函数引入学习速率的调节,算法自动选取学习步长,避免了人工选取学习速率不当而导致算法发散。同时,提出了两种复数抽气算法,配合一元信号盲分拣算法可以依次分离多个信号源,仿真试验验证了算法的有效性。用提出的算法在四元线阵上盲分离两个水声信号,结果发现,一元信号盲分离实现的盲波束形成波束图与最优波束接近。     

基于遗传算法的有序盲信号提取

本文针对盲信号分离中,如何根据信号特征进行有序提取的问题进行了探讨,提出了一种基于遗传算法的有序盲信号提取算法.该方法能够确保源信号按照四阶累计量的绝对值降序提取,解决了目前一些基于梯度的提取算法容易陷入局部极值而不能保证有序提取的问题;另外,在信号提取的消源过程中,我们还提出了一种基于Schmidt正交化的消源去相关算法,该方法不仅简化了Cichocki-Thawonmas-Amari(1997)消源算法的复杂计算,同时还对消源后的混叠信号进行了白化.仿真结果表明,该算法能够保证实现盲信号的有序提取.     

Wideband Blind Source Separation Algorithm Based on Beamforming

As the problem of array mixing model of wideband signals cannot be solved by conventional blind source separation algorithms, an improved algorithm based on beamforming is proposed in this paper. First, the received signals are transformed into time–frequency domain, and the delays of source signals are estimated. Then, the received signals are compensated with the estimated delay in frequency domain. Finally, the desired signal is acquired by using Frost wideband beamforming algorithm. Due to adopting the new methods of single source point extraction and delay estimation, the complexity of the proposed algorithm is reduced. Pre-steering delay is used in frequency domain to eliminate the compensation error when the delay is not an integer multiple of the sampling interval, which improves the separation performance significantly. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can adequately solve the problem of delay mismatch and achieve wideband blind source separation effectively. The existing algorithms are mostly fail for frequency hopping signals when there are numerous overlapping time–frequency points. In this case, the proposed algorithm still has good separation performance.

     

一种任意信号源盲分离的高效算法

提出了信号源盲分离的DBBSS算法.利用随机变量概率密度函数非参数估计的核函数法,对混合信号的概率密度函数及其导数进行估计,并由此估计信号的评价函数(score function).解决了现有信号源盲分离算法中,普遍存在的非线性函数只能凭经验选取,以及混合信号同时包含超高斯信号和亚高斯信号时,算法失效的问题.该方法非常简单,可以直接应用于所有以非线性函数代替评价函数的信号源盲分离算法.仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.     

基于三阶统计量的欠定盲源分离方法

盲源分离(BSS)在缺失源信号信息及信息混合方式信息的情况下,仅利用观测信号实现源信号恢复,是信号处理中的重要手段。欠定盲源分离(UBSS)中观测信号少于源信号数目,因此,相较于正定/超定情形,其更接近现实情况。然而,观测信号往往受到噪声干扰,传统基于2阶统计量和信号稀疏性的欠定盲源分离结果对噪声较为敏感。鉴于3阶统计量在处理对称分布噪声时的优势,该文利用观测信号的3阶统计信息实现混合矩阵的估计。考虑到源信号的自相关特性,计算多时延下观测信号一系列的3阶统计信息,并堆叠成4阶张量,进而将混合矩阵估计问题转化为4阶张量的典范双峰分解问题。该文进一步利用广义高斯模型和期望最大算法实现源信号的恢复。1000次蒙特卡罗实验表明该文算法能够有效抑制噪声的影响。针对3×4混合模型,当信噪比为15 dB时,该文算法对混合矩阵的平均估计误差达到–20.35 dB,所恢复出的源信号与真实源信号之间的平均绝对相关系数达0.84,与现有方法相比,取得了最好的分离结果。     

基于训练序列的峭度盲源分离算法

峭度盲源分离算法是一种自适应盲分离算法,可用于阵列天线和MIMO中的信号处理。本文提出利用通信中的训练序列来改善峭度盲分离的收敛速度,并以性能指数、相关系数作为比较标准进行了仿真,仿真结果证实了利用训练序列可以提高峭度盲分离算法的收敛速度。     

一种基于ICA的盲信号分离快速算法

基于ICA(独立成分分析:Independent Component Analylsis)原则,给出一种盲信号分离的快速学习算法.通过寻求观测变量线性组合的四阶累积量(即kurtosis系数)局部极值,得出该算法的模型和步骤.将该算法用于盲信号分离实验,实验结果表明,该算法在盲信号分离和信号特征提取方面具有收敛速度快、无需动态参数等优点.该算法能有效地分离出任意分布的非高斯盲源信号的各个独立成分,是信号处理的一种新的、高效可靠的方法.     

Blind detection of synchronous CDMA in non-Gaussian channels

Most blind source separation algorithms assume the channel noise to be Gaussian. This paper considers the problem of noncooperative blind detection of synchronous direct-sequence code-division multiple-access communications (no knowledge of the spreading sequences or training data) in non-Gaussian channels. Three iterative algorithms with different performance and complexity tradeoffs are proposed. Simulation results show that they significantly outperform Gaussian-optimal blind source separation algorithms in non-Gaussian channels. The Cramer-Rao lower bound for this problem is computed, and the performance of the proposed algorithms is shown to approach this bound for moderate signal-to-noise ratios.     

基于累积量盲抽取的雷达信号分选研究

研究了现有基于累积量的盲源分离算法,考虑实际雷达环境下信号的数据量大,要求信号分选的实时性,考虑用基于累积量的盲抽取算法完成雷达信号分选,通过仿真试验,验证了其在雷达信号分选中的有效性。     

基于峰度自然对数最大化与奇异值分解的超定盲信号分离

提出了一种多个信号源的超定盲信号分离算法,该方法利用奇异值分解来确定信号源的个数,并把天线阵的接收数据影射到正交的信号子空间中进行降维处理,再通过峰度自然对数最大化准则,对多个信号源按峰度减少的顺序依次进行分离.学习速率用非线性函数进行调节,避免了人为选取不当而导致的算法发散.该算法收敛速度快,且有较强的稳健性.计算机仿真验证了算法的有效性.     

盲信号分离及盲信号抽取研究

盲信号分离技术是将混合信号中的源信号分离出来的一种功能强大的信号处理方法,已成为信号处理领域的研究热点。阐述了盲信号分离的发展现状,介绍了盲信号分离问题的数学模型,给出了盲源分离的基本思想。对盲信号分离算法进行了研究,阐述了盲信号分离几种典型算法的特点及性能,对与盲信号分离紧密相关的盲信号抽取算法进行了总结,并对盲信号分离的进一步研究进行了展望。     

Fast ICA 盲分离算法在雷达抗主瓣干扰中的应用研究

压制干扰信号从主瓣进入雷达天线,会严重影响雷达的性能,通常的副瓣抗干扰技术难以奏效。文中首先给出了Fast ICA 应用于雷达抗主瓣干扰的信号模型;在高信噪比的均匀噪声环境中,利用基于寻找峭度的局部极值点的Fast ICA盲分离算法分离接收到的主瓣干扰混合信号,通过脉压找出目标信号。仿真验证了算法用于抗主瓣干扰的有效性,该算法具有良好的抗干扰性能,在分离效率上具有较明显的优势。     

Audio Source Separation Based on Residual Reprojection

This paper describes an audio source separation that is based on nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) and expectation maximization (EM). For stable and high‐performance separation, an effective auxiliary source separation that extracts source residuals and reprojects them onto proper sources is proposed by taking into account an ambiguous region among sources and a source's refinement. Specifically, an additional NMF (model) is designed for the ambiguous region — whose elements are not easily represented by any existing or predefined NMFs of the sources. The residual signal can be extracted by inserting the aforementioned model into the NMF‐EM‐based audio separation. Then, it is refined by the weighted parameters of the separation and reprojected onto the separated sources. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme (outlined above) is more stable and outperforms existing algorithms by, on average, 4.4 dB in terms of the source distortion ratio.     

MIMO-AR System Identification and Blind Source Separation for GMM-Distributed Sources

The problem of blind source separation (BSS) and system identification for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) auto-regressive (AR) mixtures is addressed in this paper. Two new time-domain algorithms for system identification and BSS are proposed based on the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) for sources distribution. Both algorithms are based on the generalized expectation-maximization (GEM) method for joint estimation of the MIMO-AR model parameters and the GMM parameters of the sources. The first algorithm is derived under the assumption of unstructured input signal statistics, while the second algorithm incorporates the prior knowledge about the structure of the input signal statistics due to the statistically independent source assumption. These methods are tested via simulations using synthetic and audio signals. The system identification performances are tested by comparison between the state transition matrix estimation using the proposed algorithms and the well-known multidimensional Yule-Walker solution followed by an instantaneous BSS method. The results show that the proposed algorithms outperform the Yule-Walker based approach. The BSS performances were compared to other convolutive BSS methods. The results show that the proposed algorithms achieve higher signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) compared to the other tested methods.     

源信号数目大于观察信号数目情况下的盲源分离

独立分量分析(ICA)作为一种有效的盲源分离技术(BSS）是信号处理领域的热点。传统的独立分量分析都要求观察信号数目大于或者等于源信号数目，然而对于脑电图(EEG)等的一些信号处理中存在的源信号数目大于观察信号数目的情况，传统的独立分量分析算法不能有效分离。该文针对源信号数目大于观察信号数目的情况，在传统的独立分量分析技术的基础上，给出了一个新的学习算法，并将新算法与传统的独立分量算法进行了比较。实验仿真结果证明该算法在给定2个混合信号的情况下能够较好地分离3个未知语音信号源，成功实现了源信号数目大于观察信号数目情况下的盲源分离。