湿法炼锌中性浸出液中铜、镉的萃取分离无渣净化工艺

用ＡｃｏｒｇａＭ５６４０萃取剂对硫酸锌浸出液优先萃取分离铜．用二（２－乙基己基）二硫代磷酸（Ｄ２ＥＨＤＴＰＡ）和三辛胺（ＴＯＡ）协萃体系进行锌、镉分离．应用Ｄ２ＥＨＤＴＰＡ－甲苯体系时,镉完全萃取,但有机相中的镉很难反萃．应用Ｄ２ＥＨＤＴＰＡ－ＴＯＡ协萃体系时,镉能从硫酸锌溶液中选择性萃取,也能很容易地从有机相中反萃,实现镉与锌的分离．提出了从硫酸锌中性浸出液萃取分离铜、镉的无渣净化新工艺．     

从铜熔炼烟灰浸出液中萃取分离铜的试验研究

以铜熔炼烟灰浸出液为研究对象,采用N902萃取剂从中分离回收铜,并将铜元素进行富集。研究了萃取剂浓度、相比(O/A)、溶液pH值、振荡时间对铜萃取分离的影响,以及反萃剂浓度、相比、振荡时间对铜反萃率的影响。试验结果表明,在萃取剂质量分数12%、相比(O)/(A)=1∶2、溶液pH值为2.0、振荡时间6 min的萃取条件下,通过两级逆流萃取,铜、锌、铁的萃取率分别为98.26%、1.29%、2.28%;铜与铁、锌的分离系数分别达到4346和2425,实现了铜与铁、锌的有效分离。在选定反萃剂硫酸铜浓度为2.5 mol/L、相比(O)/(A)=2∶1、振荡时间6 min的条件下,通过两级逆流反萃,铜的反萃率为94.68%,反萃后铜质量浓度达到7.04 g/L,相较于浸出液中铜离子质量浓度提高了约3.72倍,实现了铜离子的富集,得到的硫酸铜溶液可用于电积铜生产。     

锌镉分离富集的进展

从锌和镉的分离条件、回收率、干扰情况等方面综述了近年来国内锌和镉的分离现状，并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

2—乙基己基膦酸单（2—乙基己基）酯萃取分离锌镉

1.前言锌镉在自然界中多以MS形式存在,镉主要存在于锌的各类矿石中。在火法冶炼中,两种金属同时被还原,不易分离。本文采用2—乙基己基膦酸单(2—乙基己基)酯(简称P507)萃取分离锌镉—湿法冶金,选择出适宜萃取及分离的各种有关条件,为     

有机磷萃取剂的合成与应用

有机磷萃取剂是工业萃取剂中最广泛使用的萃取剂门类,目前国内使用的有机磷萃取剂每年有数千吨,销售额数亿元,经济效益数千万元。我国磷化工行业目前还没有哪一个工厂已经生产磷系萃取剂,面对我国黄磷严重供过于求,为寻求黄磷深加工途径,本对有机磷萃取剂的合成与应用做一初步的介绍。     

溶剂萃取含酚废水及萃取剂的选择

含酚废水是来源广泛而危害严重的工业废水。随着钢铁、炼油、石油化工、塑料合成纤维等工业的发展,含酚废水的种类与数量日益增加,这些废水毒性很大,如不经处理或处理不妥而排入江河就会严重污染水源,给人民健康、农业以及渔业生产带来极大危害。酚类物质的萃取回收也可以达到化害为利、变废为宝、综合利用的目的。一、脱酚方法及萃取脱酚法的特点目前对含酚废水的处理方法,有磺化煤法,活性炭吸附法,化学沉淀法,化学氧化法,活性污泥生化法,离子交换法,溶剂萃取法等多种。工业上处理高浓度含酚废水往往需要用多种方法,几套设备相互配合才能达到要求。     

二(2-乙基己基)二硫代磷酸-二辛胺反协同萃取镉锌的竞争反应

研究了二 (2 -乙基己基 )二硫代磷酸 -二辛胺协同萃取剂萃取镉锌的竞争反应机理 .根据协萃图 ,该混合体系萃取镉锌均为反协萃效应 .等摩尔系列法和饱和法的实验结果表明镉和锌的萃合物为CdA₂ 和ZnA₂ .萃取机理可归结为 3个反应 ,计算结果表明它们对萃取的贡献随水相酸性而变化 ,由此可解释萃镉的U型曲线 .该类协萃体系在中浸液酸度下的镉锌分离性能及镉的反萃性能显著优于有机二硫代磷萃取剂     

Separation and Recovery of Light Rare-Earths from Chloride Solutions using Organophosphorus based Extractants

In this paper, separation possibilities of light rare-earths (LREs), Ce, La, Nd, and Pr with three acidic organophosphorus extractants such as TOPS 99 (an equivalent of di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid, D2EHPA), PC 88A(2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester), and Cyanex 272 (Bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid) from synthetic chloride solutions of monazite at three initial pH values has been investigated. The composition of synthetic leach liquor is Ce ? 5.4 g/L, La ? 3.12 g/L, Nd ?1.35 g/L, and Pr ? 0.475 g/L at pH 2.0. Using sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide, cerium was precipitated as ceric hydroxide quantitatively. Among the three investigated extractants, TOPS 99 showed better separation factors towards LREs. Therefore, 0.7 mol/L TOPS 99 has been employed for the separation of Nd, and Pr from La in 3-stages at an aqueous to organic phase ratio of 4:1 and pH 2.0. Raffinate contains 2120 mg/L La, 41 mg/L of Nd, and 17 mg/L of Pr corresponding to an extraction efficiency of 32.1%, 96.4%, and 96.2%, respectively. La from loaded organic phase was scrubbed with 9182 mg/L Nd solution and achieved a scrubbing efficiency of 98.2%. 1 mol/L HCl is used for quantitative stripping. A process flowsheet for the separation and recovery of LREs was presented.     

Extraction and Separation of Cadmium and Zinc with a Mixture of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl)- Dithiophosphoric Acid and Trioctyl Amine

The extractlon of cadmium and zinc with di-(2-ethylbexyi)-dithiophosphoric acid(D2EHDTPA)-toluene and D2EHDTPA-trioctyl amine(TOA)-toiuene has investiated. in-frared spectrum analsis,the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum(NMR) analysis and conductivity measurements confirm that the probable structures of the extracted complexes are CdA2 and ZnA2, Cadmium can be extracted by D2EHDTPA very eui]y. Almost all the cadmium can be extracted, but stripping of cadmium from the organic phase is very difficult. When a mLxture of D2EHDTPA and TOA is used, selective extraction of cadmium from zinc sulfate solution can be achieved. Cad-mium can be easily stripped from the organic phase.     

The Screening of Extractants for the Separation of Zn(II) from Australian Hot-Dip Galvanizing Effluent

In this study, the most appropriate organic phase for the selective extraction of Zn(II) from Australian hot-dip galvanizing effluent streams has been determined. TBP (tributyl phosphate) and Hostarex A226 (diisotridecylamine) were identified as the most favourable for the extraction of zinc ions from a chloride matrix. Two alternatives, Hostarex A324 (tri-iso-octlyamine) and Hostarex A327 (tri-n-octyl/n-decylamine), were also tested. Laboratory scale shake tests were conducted using model solutions containing a range of acid concentrations and zinc concentrations up to 80 g/L. Industrial pickling effluent was used to test the effect of impurities present. The use of TBP was confirmed as the most appropriate extractant.     

阴离子交换色谱法分离含钴溶液中锌、镉、铜等杂质

采用阴离子交换色谱法,研究了某锌厂冶炼废渣的硫酸化焙砂浸出液中钴与锌、镉、铜等杂质离子的分离工艺,确定了最佳工艺参数：将料液配制成含2 mol/L Cl–1和0.1 mol/L Na2SO3的溶液,调节pH值为 4.5,搅拌数分钟,料液pH值降低至 4.0后,用201?7阴离子交换色谱柱进行分离,柱后流出液中锌、镉、铜等杂质的含量达到钴冶金工艺要求,钴的损失为0.7%左右.     

Separation of Americium from Europium using Camphor-BisTriazinyl Pyridine: A Fundamental Study

Among the different components present in spent nuclear fuel, long-lived trivalent actinides are particularly difficult to separate from the shorter-lived lanthanide fission products due to their similar chemical properties. Selective extraction of americium from acidic solution (up to 2M HNO₃) containing tenth molar quantities of lanthanides has been achieved using neutral pyridine-based ligands dissolved in polar diluents. Nitrogen-based Bis Triazinyl Pyridine (BTP) ligands are desirable for both their excellent An/Ln selectivity and incinerability. Results pertaining to ligand solubility, kinetics, hydrolytic stability, and extraction performance in various nitric acid environments are presented.     

硫代磷酸/伯胺N1923协同萃取锌和镉的机理

有机硫代磷酸/伯胺N1923协同萃取锌、镉的萃取率随pH的变化较为反常，可能因伯胺N1923与硫酸作用进而聚为反向胶束. 实验表明，如以(N1923)n.H2SO4表示反向胶束的实验式，N1923与H2SO4比值n多为3左右，可能与空间效应相关. 萃取机理为: M2+(a) +2BHA(o) + (2/n)SO42–(a) = MA2(o) + (2/n)(Bn.H2SO4)(o) + 2(1–2/n)H+(a)， n=3, 4, 5.     

从咔唑酮制药废液提取氯化锌

介绍咔唑酮制药废液对环境的污染及危害,比较了不同氧化剂处理制药废液的氧化能力及效果。研究了次氯酸钠的用量、加热温度及溶液pH值对氯化锌产品质量和产率的影响,确定了咔唑酮制药废液处理的工艺流程和控制条件。对于环境保护和废物利用,具有一定的参考价值。     

表面活性剂对HCl-FeCl3溶液中锌精矿在浆萃取浸出率的影响

The effects of surfactant on the solvent extraction in leaching sphalerite were investigated. It is found that sodium dodecyl sulfonate is the effective surfactant in improving the zinc recovery from sphalerite in the aqueous FeCla-HCl-tetrachloroethylene system. Through the measurements of surface tension and viscosity of the sphalerite slurry modified with different surfactants, it is concluded that sodium dodecyl sulfonate in the concentration range of 0.05 to 0.2g@L-1 can improve the viscosity of sphalerite slurry in the water, decrease the surface tension of leaching solution, prevent the aggregation of ore particles, and give very high zinc extraction .     

Separation of Cadmium from Cobalt Electrolyte Solution by Solvent Extraction Method Using Modified D2EHPA

Cadmium from high tenor cobalt electrolyte solution was selectively removed using modified di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA). In this study, D2EHPA was converted to Co-D2EHPA after replacing its functional group with Co²⁺ ions. The process parameters, such as pH, organic concentration, O/A ratio, kinetics, etc., were investigated. A significant amount of cadmium was extracted using Co-D2EHPA at equilibrium pH ～ 3.5 and the McCabe-Thiele diagram showed that 100% cadmium can be extracted through three stages using O/A ratio of 1. Stripping tests revealed that 100% cadmium can be stripped from the loaded organic using 0.4 M H₂SO₄ in a single contact.     

表面活性剂对HCl-FeCl3溶液中锌精矿在浆萃取浸出率的影响

The effects of surfactant on the solvent extraction in leaching sphalerite were investigated. It is found that sodium dodecyl sulfonate is the effective surfactant in improving the zinc recovery from sphalerite in the aqueous FeCl3-HCl-tetrachloroethylene system. Through the measurements of surface tension and viscosity of the sphalerite slurry modified with different surfactants, it is concluded that sodium dodecyl sulfonate in the concentration range of 0.05 to 0.2g L-1 can improve the viscosity of sphalerite slurry in the water, decrease the surface tension of leaching solution, prevent the aggregation of ore particles, and give very high zinc extraction .