用于谐波检测中的数字低通滤波器的设计

谐波检测中数字低通滤波器的设计是关键.本文通过选用现场可编程逻辑器件(FPGA)确定了数字低通滤波器的硬件实现方案,并按照层次化、模块化、参数化的设计思路,采用VHDL硬件描述语言进行了硬件设计并进行了仿真验证,为电力有源滤波器谐波检测中低通滤波器设计提供了参考.     

一种有源RC复数滤波器的设计方法

提出了一种采用有源RC滤波器实现复数滤波器时可快速确定无源器件参数值的设计方法.设计了一款中心频率为2MHz,带宽为2.4MHz的有源RC复数滤波器,并对自动频率调谐系统进行了分析.     

一种带有精准调谐结构的有源RC低通滤波器的设计

提出了一种带有精准调谐结构的有源RC低通滤波器的设计方案,其截止频率为5MHz,并在0.18μm标准CMOS工艺线上流片得到验证.调谐精度达到(-1.24%,+2.16%),测试中得到验证.调谐系统所占芯片面积仅为主滤波器面积的1/4.调谐系统完成调谐功能后会自动关闭,降低了功耗以及对主滤波器的串扰.以50Ω作为源阻抗,滤波器带内3阶交调量(IIP3)好于16.1dBm.滤波器输入参考噪声为36μVrms.滤波器群延迟时间波动测试结果为24ns.滤波器功耗为3.6mW.带有这种调谐结构的滤波器容易被实现,可以用于很多无线低中频应用中,例如全球定位系统、全球通和码分多址等芯片系统中.     

用于谐波检测中的数字低通滤波器的设计

有源电力滤波器谐波检测中数字低通滤波器的设字低通滤波器的硬件实现方案,并按照层次化、模块化、参数化的设计思路,采用VHDL硬件描述语言进行了硬件设计,并进行了仿真验证,为有源电力滤波器谐波检测中低通滤波器设计提供了参考.     

一种带有精准调谐结构的有源RC低通滤波器的设计

提出了一种带有精准调谐结构的有源RC低通滤波器的设计方案,其截止频率为5MHz,并在0.18μm标准CMOS工艺线上流片得到验证.调谐精度达到（-1.24%, +2.16%) ,测试中得到验证.调谐系统所占芯片面积仅为主滤波器面积的1/4.调谐系统完成调谐功能后会自动关闭,降低了功耗以及对主滤波器的串扰.以50Ω作为源阻抗,滤波器带内3阶交调量（IIP3）好于16.1dBm.滤波器输入参考噪声为36μVrms.滤波器群延迟时间波动测试结果为24ns.滤波器功耗为3.6mW.带有这种调谐结构的滤波器容易被实现,可以用于很多无线低中频应用中,例如全球定位系统、全球通和码分多址等芯片系统中.     

具有跳耦结构的电流模式低通滤波器设计

本文讨论了电流模式RC梯形结构低通滤波器的一种有源实现方法跳耦法,以此实现的电流模式低通滤波器采用CCⅡ,CCⅠ器件做为有源器件,比相应电压模式电路结构简单,且RC元件全部接地。这种跳耦结构和梯形结构一样具有低的元件灵敏度。     

高功率因数Boost变换器电流滞环控制的 一种简单实现方案

通过对传统Boost型功率因数校正(PFC)电路电流滞环控制方法中开关时间的分析,提出了一种简单的控制方案.将电路的逻辑控制分为两个相对独立的部分,分别利用恒导通时间控 制技术和平均电感电流信号来确定电感电流的上限和下限,即可实现PFC.实验电路用一只RC低通滤波器来代替传统控制方法中的模拟乘法器和输入电压检测环路,测试获得了接近1的功率因数.     

RFID系统中的低通滤波器设计

介绍了一种用于RFID系统的有源RC低通滤波器.该滤波器是一个6阶巴特沃斯型滤波器,包含三个级联的Tow-Thomas二次节.采用直流失调消除电路,有效地降低了直流失调;使用自动频率校准电路来消除温度、工艺和电压波动等对滤波器截止频率的影响.仿真结果显示,该滤波器电路的截止频率可达1.3 MHz,通带增益6 dB,12 dB,18 dB,24 dB可调,调谐精度为5％,线性度ⅡP3可达到17.6 dBm.电路采用TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺实现,面积为0.6mm2,工作电压为1.8V,消耗电流3 mA.     

一款应用于多模式无线发射机的65nm可配置低功耗滤波器

针对多模式(GSM/TD-SCDMA/WCDMA)无线发射机设计了一款可配置的4阶有源RC低通滤波器.滤波器的截止频率通过数字配置运放外围的无源器件进行改变,从而满足不同模式的带宽要求;同时,滤波器中运放的增益带宽积(GBW)也进行相应的配置,实现滤波器的低功耗设计.针对后者,对滤波器中运放的增益带宽积对滤波器的传递函...     

宽带低相位噪声锁相环型频率合成器的CMOS实现

用0.25μm标准CMOS工艺实现了单次变频数字有线电视调谐器中的频率合成器.它集成了频率合成器中除LC调谐网络和有源滤波器外的其他模块.采用I2C控制三个波段的VCO相互切换,片内自动幅度控制电路和用于提升调谐电压的片外三阶有源滤波器,实现VCO的宽范围稳定输出.改进逻辑结构的双模16/17预分频器提高了电路工作速度.基于环路的行为级模型,对环路参数设计及环路性能评估进行了深入的讨论.流片测试结果表明,该频率合成器的锁定范围为75～830MHz,全波段内在偏离中心频率10kHz处的相位噪声可以达到-90.46dBc/Hz,100kHz处的相位噪声为-115dBc/Hz,参考频率附近杂散小于-90dBc.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks