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用二哌啶乙烷(DPE)作为丁二烯阴离子聚合的调节剂,n-BuLi为引发剂,环己烷为溶剂,合成出1,2-结构含量为100%的1,2-聚丁二烯(1,2-PB)和1,2-1,4-立构二嵌段聚丁二烯(1,2-1,4-PB)。30℃聚合时,DPE/n-BuLi(mol比)从1.0增加到10.0,表观增长反应速度常数 k_p″下降 32%;60℃聚合时,下降 47%。当 DPE/n-BuLi分别为 1.0、5.0和 10.0时,表观活化能分别为55.4、42.9和24.9kJ/mo1。生成1,2-PB和1,2-1,4-PB中1,2-PB嵌段的k_p″基本相等。 相似文献
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二乙二醇单乙醚基钡/三异丁基铝/多锂体系合成高反式-1,4-聚丁二烯 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以二乙二醇单乙醚基钡(简称Ba)/三异丁基铝(简称Al)/多锂(简称MLi)组成的三元引发体系制得了高反式-1,4-聚丁二烯(HTPB),考察了引发体系各组分配比及聚合温度对HTPB反式结构含量及其玻璃化转变温度(T_g)和熔点(T_m)的影响.结果表明,以MLi为引发剂,四甲基乙二胺为极性调节剂,可以得到最大臂数为3.64、平均臂数约为2.50的星形聚丁二烯;当聚合温度为50 ℃、Ba/Al/MLi(摩尔比)为1/4/4时,HTPB的反式结构摩尔分数最高,接近90%;升高聚合温度使聚丁二烯的反式结构摩尔分数下降;当HTPB的反式结构摩尔分数由69.28%增至89.90%时,其T_g上升5~10 ℃,而T_m升高幅度可达30 ℃;随着聚合温度的升高,HTPB的T_g和T_m均下降. 相似文献
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由中国石油化工股份有限公司和中国石油化工股份有限公司北京化工研究院申请的专利(公开号CN 106589247A,公开日期2017-04-26)"低顺式聚丁二烯橡胶及其制备方法和应用",提供了一种低顺式聚丁二烯橡胶的制备方法:即在引发剂和结构调节剂的存在下,将丁二烯在非极性烃类溶剂中进行间歇阴离子聚合反应,然后将阴离子聚合反应产物与二乙烯基苯进行偶联反应[二乙烯基苯用量与引发剂用量的摩尔比为(0.8~1.5):1],制备数均相对分子质量为80000120000、相对分子质量分布指数为1.4~1.9、1,2-结构质量分数为0.08~0.2的低顺式聚丁二烯橡胶。 相似文献
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用1,1,4,4-四苯基-1,4-二锂丁烷(DiLi-TPB)为引发剂,二哌啶乙烷(DPE)为结构调节剂,环己烷为溶剂,合成了1,2-1,4-1,2立构三嵌段聚丁二烯。研究了DPE用量和聚合温度对聚丁二烯1,2-结构的影响和两种引发体系聚合动力学行为,求得了各种反应条件下的假一级增长速率常数和表观活化能。三嵌段聚丁二烯存在两个Tg和内耗能,呈微观相分离,且分相时融体流动性最小,屈服强度最大。 相似文献
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用十二烷基苯磺酸钠/四氢呋喃二元体系调节聚丁二烯的1,2-结构 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)一元调节体系和SDBS/四氢呋喃(THF)二元调节体系对聚丁二烯微观结构的影响.实验表明,SDBS这一强极性调节剂可大幅度降低THF的用量,当SDBS/Li(摩尔比)为0.1~0.7、THF/Li(摩尔比)为2~8时,聚丁二烯1,2-结构的摩尔分数可控制在30%~55%.SDBS是一种对温度不敏感的调节剂,温度升高20℃,聚丁二烯的1,2-结构摩尔分数仅降低4%~6%.SDBS/THF二元调节体系同样具有温度不敏感性,温度升高20℃,聚丁二烯的1,2-结构摩尔分数仅降低6%~8%. 相似文献
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对国内外立构两嵌聚丁二烯的研究进行了综述,包括引发剂、结构调节剂、合成方法、聚合动力学及嵌段物的结构与性能研究等 相似文献
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苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况,合成乙苯,苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类,并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。 相似文献
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《国际聚合物材料杂志》2012,61(1-4):113-122
Abstract Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed. 相似文献
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The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu3Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu3Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters. 相似文献
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责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体. 相似文献
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对用甘油锌作光稳定剂的光稳定作用进行了测试,并与光稳定剂NBC,BZ进行了比较。研究了甘油锌,NBC和BZ与双酚A的复配效果。研究结果表明,甘油锌是一种性能优良的光稳定剂。 相似文献
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Antioxidative activity and phenolic composition of pilot-plant and commercial extracts of sage and rosemary 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Marie-Elisabeth Cuvelier Hubert Richard Claudette Berset 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(5):645-652
Eight sage (Salvia officinalis) and twenty-four rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extracts, originating from pilot-plant or commercial sources, had different antioxidative activities as measured by accelerated
autoxidation of methyl linoleate. Twenty-seven compounds were characterized in the Labiatae family extracts by high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry, equipped with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface,
and by HPLC coupled with a photodiode array spectrophotometer. Twenty-two compounds were identified, including phenolic acids,
carnosol derivatives, and flavonoids. The extracts showed great variation in their HPLC profiles, and no correlation was apparent
between their antioxidative efficiency and their composition, in twenty specific phenols. Data indicated that the most effective
compounds were carnosol, rosmarinic acid, and carnosic acid, followed by caffeic acid, rosmanol, rosmadial, genkwanin, and
cirsimaritin. 相似文献