共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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无力矩驱动模式的电机驱动器使得三关节体操机器人控制难度增加,但具有实际意义.针对该类机器人系统,提出了基于"类等效"思想的简化动力学模型,该模型由刚体动力学和加速度驱动两个子模型构成.利用拉格朗日法建立刚体动力学方程;使用频率响应法得到加速度驱动模型的伯德图并确定了其阶次,根据阶跃响应曲线确定其纯滞后;使用改进的遗传算法辨识模型参数.通过对简化前后的模型进行对比实验以及简化模型的稳定控制实验,验证了简化模型的有效性和优越性. 相似文献
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3关节单杠体操机器人的动力学参数辨识 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
在采用拉格朗日方法确定了3关节单杠体操机器人动力学模型结构的情况下,动力学参数的精确辨识对机器人实时控制的实现显得十分重要.为实现对体操机器人多个动力学参数的精确辨识,在传统的遗传算法中,通过引入混合编码、海明距离、可变精度的交叉操作、正交试验设计、动态编码和反馈式突变等思想,再加上特殊设计的适应度函数,形成了一种改进的遗传算法.该算法在统计上更加合理,鲁棒性更强,更容易搜索到接近全局最优的可行解.通过体操机器人各个关节自由运动实验与模型数值仿真实验数据的实际比较,验证了所提出改进遗传算法的有效性,实现了3关节单杠体操机器人模型更为优化的动力学参数辨识. 相似文献
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针对欠驱动机器人控制系统,给出一种基于DSP控制的类人形的三关节欠驱动体操机器人。首先以ADSP2181为核心设计出控制器,通过高速PCI总线与上位机PC通讯,采用直流电机伺服控制。然后依据建立的体操机器人动力学模型提出基于能量增加的正弦和斜坡函数输入方式,经对体操机器人作摇起控制实验,实验显示,设计的三关节欠驱动体操机器人控制系统满足实时性、稳定性和准确性要求。 相似文献
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针对串联机器人,提出了一种改进的机器人关节模型,并采用该模型开展了机器人动力学建模与辨识工作。建立了机器人动力学模型,对机器人关节结构进行分析,改进了关节模型,并通过谐波减速器的输入力矩近似估计其摩擦力矩。选取傅里叶级数为激励轨迹并优化其参数,通过控制关节按照所得轨迹运动,采集并处理相关数据,并基于加权最小二乘法分别辨识机器人关节模型参数与连杆动力学参数。通过关节预测力矩对所得参数进行验证,结果表明,基于改进关节模型的机器人动力学模型精度得到明显提升。 相似文献
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为了解决负载变化导致的机器人控制性能降低的问题,本文在分析负载动力学参数对各关节力矩的影响的基础上,提出了一种仅驱动机器人的第3、4、5、6轴运行激励轨迹的辨识方法.首先,基于最小惯性参数集线性化工业机器人动力学模型;其次,在分析负载参数对各关节力矩的影响的基础上,选取相应的运动关节轴,设计适用于负载辨识的有限项傅里叶级数的优化激励轨迹;然后,在空载和带3种不用负载情况下运行激励轨迹,采集关节角度和关节力矩数据,并将数据通过低通滤波器处理;最后,基于动力学线性模型使用加权最小二乘法辨识负载动力学参数.机器人运行验证轨迹,通过计算负载力矩计算值和测量值的差的均方根(RMS)来评价负载辨识结果.同时将该方法与CAD (computer aided design)方法对比,结果显示前者最多可以将后者RMS值降为原来的16%,且该方法对不同负载辨识结果稳定有效.该方法避免了驱动所有关节轴运动的方式,减小了机器人耦合带来的误差,同时缩短了激励轨迹参数优化时间,有效提高负载动力学参数的辨识效率和效果. 相似文献
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提出一种基于反应转矩观测器的机器人碰撞保护方法;机器人的反应转矩由基于模型的干扰观测器估值得到,模型的建立包括电机系统转矩模型与机器人系统动力学模型两部分;由于洁净机器人特殊的构型及关节耦合关系,机器人的动力学建模被大大简化,同时对简化后的模型采用最小二乘法对惯性参数和摩擦参数进行辨识,提高了模型的精度;根据永磁同步电机的转矩模型与机器人动力学模型,可以得到基于电机电流的机器人关节转矩;机器人与外界环境接触时,关节转矩的增加量即为反应转矩;通过设计反应转矩观测器并采用力/位混合控制结构,实现基于电流的机器人主动柔顺控制功能,并在洁净机器人进行碰撞保护实验,实际运行结果验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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鳗鱼机器人的动力学模型非线性强、高度欠驱动,导致多关节鳗鱼机器人的切向速度跟踪控制极具挑战.本文采用P型迭代学习控制与步态生成器相结合的方法对多关节鳗鱼机器人的切向速度进行跟踪控制.首先,采用解析牛顿-欧拉法建立非惯性系下的鳗鱼机器人动力学模型,直接获得切向速度子动力学模型;然后,利用带饱和函数的P型迭代学习控制器控制步态参数,并且利用复合能量函数和切向速度子动力学模型分析该控制器的收敛性,得到切向速度跟踪误差的收敛条件;最后,提出鳗鱼机器人的运动控制框架,并对多模块的鳗鱼机器人进行仿真和实验.实验结果表明,实际的切向速度随着迭代次数的增加而逐渐跟踪上了期望的切向速度,故而验证了鳗鱼机器人切向速度跟踪控制器的有效性. 相似文献
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含有未驱动关节的自由潭浮空间机器人具有不可积分的速度和加速度约束,因而是一个二阶非完整系统,通过分析系统的动力学结构,本文设计了一种全 基于速度控制的方法控制未驱动关节,然后采用多步混合控制策略实现空间机器人的定位跟踪。 相似文献
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Independent joint control for robots is enhanced to suppress the dynamic couplings by incorporating an acceleration feedback loop that is designed in terms of its stability and ability in resisting the dynamic coupling disturbances. The sensing and modeling of joint acceleration via linear accelerometers is dealt from the viewpoint of practical implementation. Extensive experiments are conducted on a three-link direct drive robot, to mainly investigate the ability of the independent joint controller with the acceleration loop in resisting the coupling torque, and demonstrating the enhanced trajectory tracking performance. Results are given against the ones obtained by conventional independent joint control without the acceleration feedback control. 相似文献
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N. A. Sobolev K. S. Sorokin 《Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences International》2006,45(5):841-849
A three-link joint mechanism is considered, which is able to move on a flat rough surface by changing its configuration. A model for this mechanism is presented, and its control system is described. The results of experiments with the three-link robot for various motion modes are presented. 相似文献
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We present a control method for a 3-DOF acrobot which is a model of a gymnast on a horizontal bar with three links, two active joints, and a passive joint. This robot is a nonholonomic and underactuated system. We propose two control methods for the 3-DOF acrobot. First, swing-up control is performed by genetic programming (GP), and stabilizing control is handled by a linear quadratic regulator (LQR). GP can search widely for the optimum input torques for swing-up so that the acrobot is able to reach a near balancing point. The LQR is then switched on to stabilize the system. In the simulation results, the 3-DOF acrobot could swing up to the desired position, and the proposed method could control the acrobot effectively. 相似文献
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Zhuoqing Yang Haogang Cai Guifu Ding Hong Wang Xiaolin Zhao 《Microsystem Technologies》2011,17(8):1329-1342
A novel contact-enhanced design of MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) inertial switch was proposed and modeled in Simulink?. The contact effect is improved by an easily realized modification on the traditional design, i.e. introducing a movable
contact point between the movable electrode (proof mass) and the stationary electrode, therefore forming a dual mass-spring
system. The focus of this paper is limited to a vertically driven unidirectional one for the purposes of demonstration, but
this design concept and Simulink? model is universal for various kinds of inertial micro-switches. The dynamic simulation confirmed the contact-enhancing mechanism,
showing that the switch-on time can be prolonged for the dynamic shock acceleration and the bouncing effect can be reduced
for the quasi-static acceleration. The threshold acceleration of the inertial switch is determined by the proof mass-spring
system’s natural frequency. Since the inertial switches were fabricated by the multilayer electroplating technology, the proof
mass thickness were assigned two values, 100 and 50 μm, in order to get threshold levels of 56 and 133 g respectively for
the dynamic acceleration of half-sine wave with 1 ms duration. Other factors that influence the dynamic response, such as
the squeeze film damping and the contact point-spring system’s natural frequency were also discussed. The fabricated devices
were characterized by the drop hammer experiment, and the results were in agreement with the simulation predictions. The switch-on
time was prolonged to over 50 μs from the traditional design’s 10 μs, and could reach as long as 120 μs. Finally, alternative
device configurations of the contact-enhancing mechanism were presented, including a laterally driven bidirectional inertial
switch and a multidirectional one. 相似文献