空调系统中必须能耗的节能潜力分析

针对空调系统中的冷负荷,风机、水泵的耗电等必须消耗的能量进行分析,并挖掘其节能潜力.     

Using Embedded Dynamic Random Access Memory to Reduce Energy Consumption of Magnetic Recording Read Channel

Although the performance of a magnetic recording read channel can be improved by employing advanced iterative signal detection and coding techniques, the method nevertheless tends to incur significant silicon area and energy consumption overhead. Motivated by recent significant improvement of high-density embedded dynamic random access memory (eDRAM) towards high manufacturability at low cost, we explored the potential of integrating eDRAM in read channel integrated circuits (IC) to minimize the silicon area and energy consumption cost incurred by iterative signal detection and coding. As a result of the memory-intensive nature of iterative signal detection and coding algorithms, the silicon cost can be reduced in a straightforward manner by directly replacing conventional SRAM with eDRAM. However, reducing the energy consumption may not be trivial. In this paper, we present two techniques that trade eDRAM storage capacity to reduce the energy consumption of iterative signal detection and coding datapath. We have demonstrated dDRAM's energy saving potential by designing a representative iterative read channel at the 65 nm technology node. Simulation shows that we can eliminate over 99.99% of post-processing computation for dominant error events detection, and achieve up to a 67% reduction of decoding energy consumption.     

能耗限额与能源计量

介绍了能耗限额的应用领域,分析了能耗限额对能源计量工作的要求,总结了能源计量工作的现状及如何加强能源计量工作,浅析了二者的关系。     

Robust Parameter Estimation in Dynamic Systems

In this paper we present a practical method for robust parameter estimation in dynamic systems. In our study we follow the very successful approach for solving optimization problems in dynamic systems, namely the boundary value problem (BVP) approach. The suggested method combines multiple shooting for parameterizing dynamics, a flexible realization of the BVP principle, with a fast Gauss-Newton algorithm for solving the resulting constrained l ₁ problem. We give an overview of the theoretical background as well as the details of a numerical implementation. We discuss why the Gauss-Newton algorithm, which is known to perform well mainly on well-conditioned problems, is appropriate for parameter estimation problems, while quasi-Newton methods have only limited use for parameter estimation. The method is implemented on the basis of the direct multiple shooting method as implemented in PARFIT, thus inheriting all basic properties of PARFIT such as numerical stability, reliability and efficiency. The new code has been successfully applied to real-life parameter estimation problems in enzyme and chemical kinetics.     

STC-OFDM系统的信道估计

空时编码技术和OFDM系统结合,可以进一步提高系统性能,对这一系统的信道估计技术传统的方法有多种,LS信道估计方法虽然简单,但它对噪声比较敏感,因此将降噪的方法同LS相结合将会提高通信的质量,调制技术与STC-OFDM系统相结合,能够进一步提高通信的质量,通过计算机仿真结果表明:修改后的算法性能明显优于传统的LS信道估计性能。     

Accurate Software-Related Average Current Drain Measurements in Embedded Systems

Performing accurate average current drain measurements of digital programmable components (e.g., microcontrollers, digital signal processors, System-on-Chip, or wireless modules) is a critical and error-prone measurement problem for embedded system manufacturers due to the impulsive time-varying behavior of the current waveforms drawn from a battery in real operating conditions. In this paper, the uncertainty contributions affecting the average current measurements when using a simple and inexpensive digital multimeter are analyzed in depth. Also, a criterion to keep the standard measurement uncertainty below a given threshold is provided. The theoretical analysis is validated by means of meaningful experimental results     

我国建筑能耗现状下的建筑节能标准解析及节能潜力

介绍了我国严寒、寒冷地区,夏热冬冷地区及夏热冬暖地区居住建筑节能设计标准规定性指标以及公共建筑节能设计标准。并简要分析了我国建筑能源消耗状况,从用能特点出发,对建筑物和建筑用能途径进行了新的分类,给出各类的现状、问题和节能潜力。     

东莞市星级酒店空调用能现状与节能分析

对东莞市5栋酒店建筑单位面积能耗、空调冷热源方式、空调能耗、热环境参数、人员舒适性进行了实测,并进行了能耗分析。结果表明:单位建筑面积建筑能耗平均值为2.273GJ/(m2.a)单位空调面积空调能耗平均值为1.181 GJ/(m2.a)。根据测试及计算结果指出了该市酒店建筑空调系统存在的问题,并对其节能进行了分析。     

China''''s Electronic Information Product Energy Consumption Standard

The electronic information industry of China is facing increasingly urgent ecological challenges. This year, China will study and advance an electronic information product energy consumption standard, and establish a key list of pollution controls and classified frame system.     

冷库能耗分析及节能措施探讨

通过对郑州市部分冷藏企业冷库的调研,分析了造成冷库能耗的各种因素,并对冷库采取的节能措施进行分析探讨,旨在帮助冷藏企业进一步降低生产成本、提高经济效益。     

工业锅炉能耗问题及节能措施

从长期检验实践中发现福州市工业锅炉在热力系统安装方面存在节能回收设备配置不足,在运行使用方面存在水垢结生严重、操作不当等许多薄弱环节,造成锅炉能耗管理工作严重滞后和能源的巨大浪费,本文从热力系统和运行操作方面提出一些有效节能途径与对策,提高能源利用效率。     

工业炸药水下爆炸能量估算

文中以梯恩梯水下爆炸冲击波参数为基础,根据能量相似原理推导出了工业炸药水下爆炸能量计算公式,分析了影响工业炸药水下爆炸能量的因素。按照国际炸药水下爆炸测试条件计算了几种典型工业炸药水下爆炸能量,并提出了在工程爆破中选择工业炸药的一种新方法。     

我国建筑能耗分析及空调节能的技术途径

简要分析了我国建筑能源消耗状况,从用能特点出发,对建筑物和建筑用能途径进行了分析,能耗主要在采暖空调上。针对这一情况,提出几种有效的空调节能途径。     

能耗数据在线采集系统在能源计量中的问题探讨

能源计量是企业对自身能源实施量化管理的方式,响应国家开展节能减排,完善能源计量体系,提高能源管理水平.建设能耗数据在线采集系统是推进生态文明建设部署的一项重要任务.因此,本文探究了能源在线采集数据系统在企业计量中的应用问题.为企业查找节能潜力,明确节能方向提供重要的基础数据支持.     

佛山市建筑空调能耗构成分析及相应节能措施

减少建筑空调能耗可从两个方面考虑：通过减小窗墙比、改善窗户结构，控制新风量等方法减少空调冷负荷，可使整个系统能耗减少约20％；采取冷水机组变水温运行、水泵变频运行等措施提高主要设备的运行效率，降低电耗，可使整个系统能耗减少15％以上。     

城镇住宅用能终端约束因素研究

在对城镇住宅能耗影响因素浅析的基础上,通过用能终端能耗的计算方法、正交试验等分析了各因素对建筑终端能耗影响的主次性,得出运行模式、采暖空调设备能效、室内环境参数、气候是影响居住建筑总体能耗较为显著的因素。结合居住建筑能耗敏感性因素分析,对建筑能耗约束进行了定义及分类,提出了居住建筑能耗的约束主要包括四类:气候约束、技术约束、用能行为约束以及其它约束,并对四个约束的包含内容及特征进行了探讨。     

重庆某住宅小区能耗特征与节能潜力研究

采用调研的方法对重庆某居住小区的用能状况进行了研究,研究表明：冬季绝大部分居住者会将空调温度设置到高于标准规定,而夏季大多数居住者会将空调温度设置到标准规定的区间内;小区用电量和用气量具有季节分布特征;同时,从人员行为和可再生能源应用两个方面对该小区进行节能潜力分析。该研究对重庆地区居住建筑能耗分析和节能改造具有指导意义。     

广州某高校建筑能耗现状及节能策略分析

我国高校建筑能耗在社会总能耗中占到较大比例,存在较大节能潜力。本文通过对采用区域供冷的广州某高校近三年建筑能耗进行统计,分析获得了该校建筑能耗现状及特点,并提出了相应的节能改造措施。     

连续混炼过程比能耗分析

将连续混炼过程的有效比能耗分为升温、混炼、脱挥和建压比能耗,并提出了计算各项的一种方法。用该方法对不同机型、不同规格、不同加工对象的连续混炼机的比能耗进行了分析。结果表明,在多数连续混炼过程中,升温比能耗在总有效比能耗中所占比例都较大,建压比能耗所占比例都很小;原料热物性是影响有效比能耗及其构成的根本因素;当原料和混炼产物质量确定时,连续混炼机的螺杆与机筒结构、螺杆直径、产量、混炼工艺等都会影响有效比能耗及其构成。     

Correlation Estimation in Noise-Modulation Systems by Finite Time Averages

Application of noise-modulated systems frequently involves measurement of autocorrelation by finite time averaging. Formulas are developed for the error involved in such measurement for case of frequency modulation by noise. Comparison is made with the case of amplitude modulation. Optimum filters for averaging are calculated and their performance compared in one case with that of the ordinary time average.