铜绿微囊藻Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7820生物钟基因的克隆及其蛋白相互作用分析

为了深入研究铜绿微囊藻生物钟调控的分子机制,根据蓝藻钟基因的同源序列设计合成了简并引物,通过PCR和染色体步行的方法获得了铜绿微藻Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7820的生物钟基因簇kaiABC.kaiA基因全长873bp,编码一个由290αα组成,分子量大小为33.3kDa的蛋白;kaiB基因全长315bp,编码分子量大小为11.8kDa的蛋白;kaiC基因全长1563 bp,编码蛋白分子量大小为58.3kDa.Kai蛋白间的相互作用是昼夜节律计时产生的重要过程,利用酵母双杂交系统检测了三种Kai蛋白间的相互作用,结果表明KaiA、KaiB和KaiC蛋白自身及KaiA与KaiC、KaiB与KaiC之间都能发生明显的相互作用,而KaiB和KaiA之间没有检测到相互作用.     

HIV-1核心蛋白的表达与纯化

将编码人I型免疫缺陷病毒(HIV1)核心蛋白p24gag的基因序列克隆到原核表达载体pET28(b)中,高效表达了N,C端融合His·Tagp24蛋白,所表达的重组p24蛋白占菌体总蛋白的46%。在变性条件下,使用NiNTA亲和层析法纯化了p24蛋白,纯度为94%。菌体中及纯化、复性后的目的蛋白均能与抗HIV1p24单克隆抗体发生特异性反应。用纯化的p24蛋白免疫小鼠,4周时小鼠血清抗p24抗体效价达1∶400。实验结果表明:大肠杆菌表达的HIV1p24蛋白纯化后可用作HIV1检测试剂的原料。     

中国明对虾蜕皮抑制激素在大肠杆菌中的表达与分离纯化

采用大肠杆菌表达系统对中国明对虾蜕皮抑制激素(MIH)进行了体外重组表达研究.重组蛋白以包涵体的形式存在于菌体中.尿素-SDS-PAGE分析表明,经1mmol/L的IPTG诱导4h后,重组蛋白获得了大量表达,在分子量为13 kD处有一条与预测大小一致的特异性蛋白条带;经金属螯合柱纯化后,得到了电泳纯的融合蛋白.Western blotting检测结果表明:重组表达的融合蛋白与兔抗刀额新对虾MIH的多克隆抗体特异结合,证实该融合蛋白为中国明对虾MIH.通过胶内酶切与LC-ESI-MS分析进一步证实融合蛋白的部分肽段与日本对虾MIH一致.MIH融合蛋白的成功表达为进一步深入研究其在中国明对虾蜕皮过程分子作用机制奠定了基础.     

坛紫菜别藻蓝蛋白的纯化及多克隆抗体的制备

通过液氮研磨、超声波破碎、硫酸铵分级沉淀和DEAE-Sephadex-A-50柱层析等手段,建立了从坛紫菜叶状体体细胞中快速高效纯化别藻蓝蛋白的技术,并以该蛋白为抗原,通过动物免疫,制备了抗别藻蓝蛋白的多克隆抗体.电泳及Western印迹杂交分析的结果表明,纯化的别藻蓝蛋白已达到电泳纯,A650/A280达到3.5,计算蛋白回收率为70.5%.制备的多克隆抗体特异性强,效价高达1∶100 000.本研究的结果为进一步研究别藻蓝蛋白的功能和进行开发提供了基础材料和有用的工具.     

抗微囊藻毒素单链抗体基因的构建、表达及初步鉴定

利用RT-PCR方法从抗微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞中扩增出抗体的V_H和V_L基因,构建了抗MC-LR分子的单链抗体(scFv)基因。SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析结果显示,该单链抗体基因在大肠杆菌Origami 2中特异性表达出分子量约为30kD的融合蛋白。通过Ni-NTA金属亲和层析法对可溶性表达产物进行纯化,获得的目的蛋白浓度为0.115mg/mL。ELISA反应结果表明该单链抗体能与MC-LR特异性结合。此研究为制备多价高亲和力抗MC-LR抗体奠定了基础。     

对抗氯霉素单克隆抗体4D10特性鉴定研究

目的对抗氯霉素单克隆抗体4D10进行纯化与特性鉴定,以获得可用于检测氯霉紊残留试剂盒的单克隆抗体。方法用两步硫酸铵法和G蛋白亲和层析法纯化单克隆抗体,用间接酶联免疫吸附试验、竞争ELISA等方法测定抗体效价、特异性、敏感性与亲和性以及抗体与其它氯霉素结构类似物的交叉反应率。结果纯化后抗体的纯度高达95％,对抗体进行相关性质的鉴定得出：4D10效价为1：2．56×105,其亲和力常数可达2×108M-1,该抗体与CAPBSA,CAPOVA有反应,与BSA、OVA无反应。与氯霉素琥珀酸钠、氯霉素反应,而与其它氯霉索结构类似物无交叉反应。结论抗氯霉索单克隆抗体4D10效价高、特异性强、亲和力高,可利用该抗体制备检测氯霉索残留的ELISA试剂盒。     

鲤鱼(Cyprinus Carpio) 促性腺激素基因的克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)方法,从鲤鱼脑垂体获得了两种GtH β亚基的cDNA, 克隆在pMD18-T载体.经测序确证后,将这两个基因克隆到原核表达载体pET -32(a)中,转化E.coli表达菌BL21(DE3),以IPTG诱导融合蛋白的高效表达.利用初步纯化后的抗原免疫新西兰大白兔,制备多克隆抗体.应用制备的兔抗血清与抽提的鲤鱼脑垂体的总蛋白分别进行Western-blot及ELISA分析,结果显示获得的多抗能特异识别各自的天然蛋白.该结果为纯化天然GtH蛋白提供了有效的检测手段,为进一步制备GtH单克隆抗体奠定了基础.     

小鹅瘟病毒VP3基因疫苗的构建及其诱导小鼠和鹅中和抗体的初报

PCR扩增小鹅瘟病毒（GPV）CHv株VP3基因并克隆入pMD 18-T-Simple载体,亚克隆正向插入到真核表达质粒pcDNA3．1（＋）CMV启动子下游多克隆位点,经PCR和Hind与Bandt I双酶切鉴定表明成功构建了GPVVP3基因疫苗（pcDNA3．1．GPV—VP3）。该疫苗以200μg/只肌注免疫Balb／c小鼠和鹅,同时分别设肌注PBS和pcDNA3．1（＋）作为对照,于免疫后第30、45、60、75、90、105天应用鸭胚原代成纤维细胞（DEF）进行微量中和试验检测小鼠和鹅血清抗100TCID50GPV的抗体效价。结果表明,pcDNA3．1-GPV-VP3免疫小鼠第30天可检测到抗GPV的中和抗体,抗体效价缓慢上升至90天达到高峰（平均1：135．8）后下降,105天仍高于75天;免疫鹅的中和抗体效价呈现与小鼠类似的规律,第90天达到高峰（平均1：98．5）。因此,pcDNA3．1-GPV-VV3具有良好的免疫原性,肌注免疫小鼠和鹅后能够诱发产生抗GPV的中和抗体,有进一步开展临床研究和应用的前景。     

真鲷肿瘤坏死因子(TNFα)基因的体外重组与纯化研究

将真鲷肿瘤坏死因子(TNFα)基因的成熟肽区域克隆到表达载体pQE30中,并转化到大肠杆菌XL-blue中进行表达。转化子经载体和基因特异性引物进行PCR双向筛选,并将筛选到的阳性克隆经质粒纯化后,进行序列测定。序列测定结果显示,该基因结构正确,且准确插入到表达载体启动子的下游,获得了结构和组成正确的重组子。重、组子经IPTG诱导后,以SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定,电泳结果表明,该基因在大肠杆菌XL-blue中实现了表达。通过对诱导条件的调整,在体外获得了高效表达的重组蛋白,高效表达的重组蛋白约占菌体蛋白的25％-30％。不同诱导时间对重组蛋白影响实验显示,随诱导时间的增加,重组蛋白产量逐渐增高,经4h诱导,其表达量可以达到平台期,过长时间的诱导,对表达产量没有影响。重组蛋白经镍金属亲和层析纯化,获得了纯度较高的重组蛋白。采用交换缓冲液的方法,用Sephadex G150,对重组蛋白进行脱盐复性,使重组蛋白得到了进一步纯化。     

吸血蝙蝠纤溶酶原激活剂α2的原核表达及抗体制备

利用人工合成的吸血蝙蝠唾液纤溶酶原激活剂α2(DSPAα2)基因,研究了其在细菌中的表达及表达产物的纯化和抗体制备.首先人工合成DSPAα2基因,并构建原核表达载体转化大肠杆菌.经IPTG诱导后,DSPAα2在细菌中得到了高效表达.SDS-PAGE结果显示,以包涵体的形式存在的DSPAα2重组蛋白占到细菌总蛋白的32%.包涵体裂解后经亲合层析柱纯化,100mL菌液中能得到2.2mg纯的重组蛋白.用纯化的DSPAα2分别免疫大鼠和小鼠,经ELISA检测,获得了效价达到1∶12800以上的高质量的抗血清.Western blot结果显示抗体能与DSPAα2特异性地结合.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from