激光熔覆技术在表面失效机械件中的应用

阐述了激光熔覆的技术原理和系统的结构,重点介绍了激光熔覆技术在耐磨损和耐腐蚀方面的研究进展,总结了磨损失效和腐蚀失效机械件的修复再制造的具体应用,分析了激光熔覆技术在失效机械件修复再制造应用的可行性和先进性,展望了激光熔覆技术在失效机械件上的应用前景.     

激光熔覆在钛合金表面改性中的应用

激光熔覆是现代表面改性制造技术中的一种极有发展前途的高新技术。近年来,激光熔覆技术在钛合金表面改性方面得到了广泛的应用。本文概述了近年来国内外利用激光熔覆技术改善钛合金表面性能的研究与应用现状,提出了激光熔覆技术进一步发展的领域和方向。     

激光熔覆焊在离心式压缩机轴头及半联轴器中修复的应用

通过对等离子喷涂和激光熔覆焊修复技术进行性能对比分析，采用激光熔覆焊技术修理的离心式压缩机转子轴头和液压装配式联轴器，经装机运行检验其性能完全满足机组运行要求。     

大型往复压缩机曲轴裂纹的激光熔覆修复

阐述了激光熔覆技术的原理与特点,介绍了应用激光熔覆技术修复大型往复压缩机曲轴曲柄销表面裂纹的简要过程及该曲轴修复后的运行情况。实践证明,激光熔覆技术具有覆层缺陷率低、组织细密、性能优异、与基体结合牢固及在加工过程中对基体的热影响极小、工件变形小等优点。     

大型颚式破碎机偏心轴激光熔覆再制造技术研究

为了实现对大型颚式破碎机偏心轴的激光熔覆再制造修复,采用激光熔覆技术在偏心轴材料40CrMnMo试验轴段上制备铁基熔覆层。通过正交试验选择最佳的工艺参数,研究了最佳工艺参数下的熔覆层组织性能,利用金相显微镜、显微硬度计对熔覆层的金相组织、显微硬度进行了研究,最后成功对偏心轴进行了激光熔覆再制造修复,恢复了尺寸公差,并提高了表面使用性能。经激光熔覆再制造后零件在使用性能和产品质量上都能达到甚至超越新品的水平,但成本仅为新品的三分之一,给客户带来较大的经济效益,为水泥行业的再制造发展提供一种新的先进技术,为循环经济的可持续发展提供动力。     

大型颚式破碎机偏心轴激光熔覆再制造技术研究

为了实现对大型颚式破碎机偏心轴的激光熔覆再制造修复，采用激光熔覆技术在偏心轴材料40CrMnMo试验轴段上制备铁基熔覆层。通过正交试验选择最佳的工艺参数，研究了最佳工艺参数下的熔覆层组织性能，利用金相显微镜、显微硬度计对熔覆层的金相组织、显微硬度进行了研究，最后成功对偏心轴进行了激光熔覆再制造修复，恢复了尺寸公差，并提高了表面使用性能。经激光熔覆再制造后零件在使用性能和产品质量上都能达到甚至超越新品的水平，但成本仅为新品的三分之一，给客户带来较大的经济效益，为水泥行业的再制造发展提供一种新的先进技术，为循环经济的可持续发展提供动力。     

激光熔覆涂层的研究现状

综述了激光熔覆耐磨涂层和激光熔覆生物涂层的研究现状,归纳整理了激光熔覆涂层的分类及性能影响因素等相关内容,并为激光熔覆涂层的研究和发展指出了方向。     

铜合金表面激光熔覆温度场数值图像模拟分析

对铜合金表面进行激光熔覆镍基合金,能够有效改善铜基件的性能。以镍基合金为熔覆材料,对铜合金基件进行激光熔覆实验;基于有限差分法来构建熔覆过程中温度场数字图像的二维数学模型,对边界条件和基体内部相变潜热做数值化处理;最后对实验实际测量值和模拟计算值进行分析。结果表明,铜合金表面激光熔覆镍基合金的冶金结合良好,证明了提出的温度场计算模型精确度高、稳定可靠。     

船舶海水管路激光熔覆涂层研究进展

首先分析了海水管路腐蚀失效原因；其次，从激光熔覆耐蚀金属涂层的性能、熔覆金属涂层的工艺以及复杂工件内部熔覆涂层的现状3个方面进行综述；最后，总结并为海水管路激光熔覆涂层的研究和发展指出了方向。     

激光熔覆技术在烟气轮机轴修复中的应用

在激光熔覆工艺研究中,通过一系列材料力学性能试验对比,筛选出了适用于40CrNi2MoA钢熔覆的粉料,并探索出了40CrNi2MoA材料的熔覆工艺及熔覆参数,同时总结出了熔覆层消除裂纹的实际操作经验。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。