电镀Ag-Pd合金镀层的研究进展

Ag-Pd合金镀层具有良好的性能,在电子等工程领域有着广泛的应用。综述了近年来电镀Ag-Pd合金镀层的发展,重点介绍了电镀Ag-Pd合金卤化物体系及氨化合物体系脉冲电镀、离子液体电镀和光催化电镀等工艺,并展望了今后的发展趋势。     

书讯

《复合电镀技术》(作者:郭鹤桐)定价:48元复合电镀既是重要的表面工程技术,也是复合材料制备的很好的方法。这是复合电镀技术专著,对复合电镀中的概念、工艺、理论问题和镀层性能进行了系统阐述,体现了复合电镀研究水平。全面介绍了各种防护装饰性复合镀层和功能性复合镀层的制备、性能和应用,展现了复合电镀技术的应用成果和发展方向。这     

离子镀膜在工业生产中的应用

离子镀膜技术是在真空蒸发和真空溅射的基础上发展起来的全新镀膜技术.它始于原子能工业中对铀防腐蚀、防污染的研究,并以无公害而优越于电镀.因此,它一出现就受到了人们的重视.离子镀膜技术,经历了单一镀层、复合镀层、化合物镀层以及合金镀层的发展阶段.在当代的表面淀积、表面处理技术中,不仅可以获得优越于电镀以及其它表面淀积技术所获得的镀层,而且开创了一些淀积镀层不用它就无法获得的新的领域.它经过十年之久的萌芽发展阶段,现在不仅在理论上、技术上,而且在工艺和设备     

电子封装中电镀技术的应用

功能性镀层和精密电镀技术在半导体微电子产业当中应用十分广泛,且随着半导体集成电路向高密度、轻小型化发展,各种新型功能性电镀技术将会不断涌现举出了功能镀层及精密镀层在电子封装中的应用实例简要介绍了BGA型封装中的电镀技术系统地介绍了电子封装中所涉及的各种电子电镀技术,并阐述了IC引线框架及无铅化电镀技术方面的应用情况、存在问题及今后的发展趋势。     

我国电子电镀技术现状及发展动态

本文对我国电子电镀技术领域的现状及发展动态作了系统的综述。本文共分两次发表,这是第一部分。先总结三个领域:一、防护性镀层。先介绍了氰化镀锌、碱性镀锌及酸性氯化钾镀锌等三种工艺,再叙述了锌镍合金的电镀及钝化工艺。二、装饰性镀层。介绍了多层镀镍、镀缎状镍、镀光亮镍铁合金等三种电镀工艺和最近发展起来的仿金、古铜色、黑色等花色镀层和电泳镀彩色涂层等。三、贵金属电镀。介绍了酸性镀金、中性镀金、碱性镀金和无氰镀金等四种镀金工艺以及适用于集成电路框架的选择性镀金和最近新发展起来的脉冲镀金。此外还比较详细地介绍了电子工业中一种较理想的代金镀层——钯镍合金。     

超声波在电镀技术中应用

超声波技术应用于电镀中可以强化电镀过程、改善镀层质量和优化镀层性能,获得优质镀层.介绍了超声波在镀前零件清洗中的机理和应用,概述了超声波在电镀金属镀层和纳米微粒复合镀层中的研究进展及其工程应用,指出了超声波电镀技术中需进一步解决的问题,并展望了其应用前景.     

征文通知

中国电子学会生产技术学会电镀专业委员会将于1991年4季度召开第五届电子电镀学术年会,现发征文通知如下: 一、征文范围 1.电镀贵金属(包括金、银、钯、铑等及其合金镀层) 2.可焊性镀层(包括锡及锡基合金等镀层) 3.化学镀 4.非金属电镀 5.电镀装饰性镀层 6.电镀防护性镀层     

超声场下化学镀镍的耐磨性试验

1前言超声场应用于电镀早在1938年就已有人研究。由于超声场可以减小电极极化,增加允许的极限电流密度,提高镀速并使镀层硬度提高,因而曾使许多研究者深感兴趣。然而由于超声设备复杂,随着其它电镀过程强化技术的发展,在电镀领域     

书讯

《电镀材料和设备手册》(作者:黎德育)定价:58元本书是一部全面介绍电镀用化工原料、添加剂与设备产品的综合性工具书,全书共分7章,分别介绍了电镀添加剂及供应商、电镀用化工原料及厂商、电镀常用辅助设备、电镀常用辅助设备与厂商、电镀生产线及制造厂商、电镀溶液及镀层检测和电镀溶液、镀层检测设备生产厂商等内容。本书可供从事电镀领域工作的科研、生产方面的工程技术人员阅读,也可供该领域的大中专院校相关专业的师生参考。     

复合电镀镍钴铬合金工艺

一、前言随着电镀技术的发展,人们正在寻找各种功能性镀层.以满足产品的不同技术要求.为了在产品表面获得功能性镀层,往往采用复合电镀方法.复合电镀是在电镀溶液中加入非水溶性的固体微粒,并使其与主体金属在镀件上共沉积的电镀工艺.本文所介绍的镍钴铬合金电镀工艺就是采用复合镀方法,在镀件表面得到具有高耐磨性和抗高温性的功能性镀层.它已在生产中取得了应用.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.