电镀废水处理方法进展

本文评述了我国重金属电镀废水主要处理方法的优劣,总结了生物质吸附处理方法的优势,展望了生物质吸附材料在未来应用于电镀废水处理领域的前景,为生物质吸附材料用于电镀废水处理的工艺设计及工程应用提供了有益参考。     

3种典型絮凝剂处理电镀废水的效果

分别以聚丙烯酰胺、聚合氯化铝、聚合硫酸铁为絮凝剂处理电镀废水。先研究了pH和絮凝剂投加量对不含重金属离子的模拟废水COD去除效果的影响,并对废水处理工艺流程进行选择。随后比较了不同絮凝剂单独和组合使用处理含重金属离子模拟电镀废水的效果。最后研究了不同工艺流程对实际电镀废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,采用PAC和PAM组合絮凝剂处理废水时的效果最好。采用两步絮凝法处理COD较高的实际电镀废水能有效去除COD和重金属。     

电镀废水化学法综合处理及回用工程

介绍了化学法综合处理电镀废水及采用反渗透工艺处理废水回用工程。传统化学法综合处理前处理废水、焦磷酸铜废水、含铬废水、含氰废水和重金属废水等电镀废水,采用pH和ORP控制仪控制各处理单元加药量,处理效果稳定,技术成熟可靠,运行操作简便。通过深度处理后,能满足生产回用要求,减少电镀废水排放,实现重金属污染物总量减排。     

废弃农林生物质在废水处理中环境友好利用的研究进展

综述近年来国内外利用废弃农林生物质环境友好处理各种废水的现状,重点阐述了废弃农林生物质作为吸附剂对印染、重金属等工业废水的处理以及通过改性手段来提高农林生物质处理效果的研究进展。     

微电解电化学法处理高浓度电镀废水

研究了利用铁炭在水中发生的微电解过程可以有效地去除处理重金属离子的作用机理,结合工程实例,介绍了采用微电解电化学法处理电镀废水工艺流程,处理效果表明了采用微电解电化学法处理含重金属离子废水具有处理工艺简单、处理效果好、经济合理的优点。     

电镀废水中重金属处理的研究进展

综述了传统的电镀废水中重金属处理方法的机制及优缺点,同时介绍了几种电镀废水中重金属处理的新型技术,并指出无害化、资源化是未来研究的重要方向。     

FeS流化床处理电镀废水中重金属离子的试验研究

针对我国电镀行业厂点多、规模小及电镀污染治理水平低等特点.设计了内循环式流化床,利用廉价易得的FeS来处理含铬、铜、锌和镉的混合电镀废水,论述了FeS投加量、水力停留时间、FeS的粒度以及曝气量等工艺参数对FeS流化床处理效率的影响;一定反应条件下对电镀废水中重金属离子的去除效果;不同重金属离子的去除机理等.     

电镀废水处理的研究进展

电镀废水含有大量重金属元素,如果不加处理,任意排放,势必对环境造成巨大的影响。文章概述了电镀废水的来源和组分,阐述了电镀废水的危害,对电镀废水的处理方法做了介绍,最后预测了电镀废水处理技术的发展趋势。     

直流电解法处理电镀综合废水

以可溶性铁板为极板恒电流处理电镀综合废水.结果表明,在初始pH值为3.75、恒电流为1.2 A、极板间距为18 cm的条件下电解处理电镀综合废水20 min,重金属离子去除效果较好,COD去除率达到84.8%.在此条件下,处理工业电镀废水效果较好,表明该法具有良好的实际应用价值.     

利用硅烷螯合树脂处理重金属废水

介绍了硅烷类螯合树脂处理重金属废水的优点,列举了利用硅烷类螯合树脂处理综合电镀废水的重金属离子的实验结果,结合氢氧化物沉淀法和氧化除氧氰法工艺,可以实现电镀废水零排污。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。